Crops & Plants in CLM5. Danica Lombardozzi CLM N Cycle & Crop Model Development Teams

Transcription

1 Crops & Plants in CLM5 Danica Lombardozzi CLM N Cycle & Crop Model Development Teams

2 N"Assump( ons"in"clm5.0'' 1. Leaf'nitrogen'content'is'dynamic'&' related'to'stomatal'conductance'' ' ' 2. Photosynthe9c'capacity'does' respond'to'the'environment' ' ' ' 3. Plants'pay'C'to'get'N' FlexCN"

3 Simulations: CLM5 Historical ( ) atmosphere: GSWP 3 1) CLM4.5'N ' ' ''2)'+'FlexCN'&'LUNA'''''''''3'')''+'FUN! FlexCN'

4 2005 Leaf Area Index ( m 2 m -2 ) FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N)

5 2005 Leaf Area Index ( m 2 m -2 ) FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N)

6 2005 Leaf Area Index ( m 2 m -2 ) FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna)

7 Leaf Area Index ( m2 m-2) 2005 FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna) CLM5 N Effect (CLM5 All N - CLM4.5 N)

8 2005 Leaf C/N ( ) FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N)

9 2005 Leaf C/N ( ) FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna)

10 Leaf C/N ( ) 2005 FlexCN + LUNA Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna)

11 Global GPP (kg m -2 yr -1 ) CLM5 N (LUNA, FlexCN, FUN) LUNA & FlexCN (no FUN) CLM4.5 N

12 Global GPP (kg m -2 yr -1 ) CLM5 N (LUNA, FlexCN, FUN) LUNA & FlexCN (no FUN) CLM4.5 N

13 Global GPP (kg m -2 yr -1 ) CLM5 N (LUNA, FlexCN, FUN) LUNA & FlexCN (no FUN) CLM4.5 N

14 Natural Vegetation FlexCN' FlexCN & LUNA: Generally increase LAI Increases C/N Increases Broadleaf Evergreen GPP FUN: Generally small changes in LAI (except C3 Crop) Decreases C/N Lower Broadleaf Deciduous GPP (compared to FlexCN & LUNA) CLM5 N: Very small changes in C/N Increases LAI Increases GPP (except C3 Grasses and BL Temperate & Boreal Trees)

15 Natural Vegetation Variability in GPP among PFT responses C3 Crops have intriguingly strong responses (to both FUN, and FlexCN & Luna)

16 * Temperate and tropical varieties CLM5-Crop Corn* Whea t Sugarcane Soy * Cotton Rice

17 New in CLM5-Crop Nitrogen FUN & FlexCN (no LUNA) Crop Types Added Tropical Crops (corn, soy) Grain Harvest Harvested Grain is Removed

18 Irrigate Crop Management in CLM5 Fertiliz e Plan t Harvest

19 Crop GPP in " 2.5" Global&GPP&(Pg&C& yr& -1 )& 2" 1.5" 1" CLM" CLM5 (no new N) Chen"et"al."2014 Satellite Obs* " 0.5" 0" *Chen et al Biogeosciences

20 Crop GPP in " 2.5" Global&GPP&(Pg&C& yr& -1 )& 2" 1.5" 1" CLM" CLM5 (no new N) Chen"et"al."2014 Satellite Obs* " 0.5" 0" *Chen et al Biogeosciences

21 Simulations: CLM atmosphere: GSWP 3 1) CLM4.5'N ' ' ''2)'+'FlexCN'&'LUNA'''''''''3'')''+'FUN! FlexCN'

22 1850 n Simulatio Crop GPP ( g C m -2 yr -1 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N)

23 1850 n Simulatio Crop GPP ( g C m -2 yr -1 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna)

24 1850 n Simulatio Crop GPP ( g C m -2 yr -1 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna) CLM5 N Effect (CLM5 All N - CLM4.5 N)

25 1850 n Simulatio Crop Yield ( g C m -2 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N)

26 1850 n Simulatio Crop Yield ( g C m -2 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna)

27 1850 n Simulatio Crop Yield ( g C m -2 ) FlexCN Effect (FlexCN&Luna - CLM4.5 N) FUN Effect (CLM5 All N - FlexCN&Luna) CLM5 N Effect (CLM5 All N - CLM4.5 N)

28 CLM5-Crop Over-predicts corn & wheat yields in in part due to fertilizer application Decreases GPP and Yields in Primarily due to FlexCN - FUN only on for temperate corn, soy, & wheat

29 CLM4.5-Crop: Grain is harvested, but not removed

30 * All simulations run using the CLM4.5 code base, changing only grain removal CLM4.5: Leave grain on the ground to decompose as litter CLM5: Remove grain, and C and N release to atmosphere over 1 year

31 CRU-NCEP from Iowa CLM4.5 Grain Removal

32 CLM4.5 Grain Removal Iowa

33 CLM4.5 Grain Removal Iowa

34 CLM4.5 Grain Removal Iowa

35 CLM4.5 Grain Removal Iowa

36 Grain Harvest Removal: Decreases available nutrients Decreases productivity and yield Does not change biogeophysical processes

37 CLM5 Natural Vegetation is sensitive to new N, though effect varies by plant type. GPP and LAI generally increase Crops decrease due to FlexCN; FUN needs to be investigated Harvesting grain decreases yield due to N limitation

38 CLM5: Global Average GPP (kg C m- 2 y( 1 ) _._._..._..._......_ _..._._._ c c.. Cl c.. c Cl '.....,.,,-,./"... c c.. Cl _ ,. - "" -"'.,.,....-"' NL Evergreen Temperate Tree ,, ' -..._.,.,.,...,.. sooooo NL Evergreen Boraal Tree r.. J"'_...,., "' "" NL Deciduous Boreal Tree c.. c.. Cl c.. c.. Cl c.. c.. Cl BL Evergreen Tropical Tree BL Evergreen Temperate Tree ,,... _...,_.,...,,.... _ BL Deciduous Tropical Tree c c.. Cl c.. c.. Cl c c.. Cl aaooo BL Decidous Temperate Tree BL Deciduous Boreal Tree BL Evergreen Shrub _ c.. c Cl c.. c.. Cl c.. c Cl ,...,...,..,.,..., ,...,...,..,.,..., BL Deciduous Temperate Shrub BL Deciduous Boreal Shrub C3 arctic grass soooooo _ " :: Cl C3 non-arctic grass " C4 grass c.. c Cl sooooo +....,...,_.,.._.., C3 crop