Chinese Ecosystem Research Network

Transcription

1 Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Shaoqiang Wang Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Chinese Academy of Sciences

2 Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) CERN has gained 30 years of experiences in Monitoring, Research, Demonstration, and Policy support. 44 stations, 5 sub-centers and 1 synthesis research center. Over 2000 scientists.

3 Function 1:Monitoring Meteorological and atmospheric conditions Soil physiochemical characteristics Biological features: biomass, LAI, DBH, community structure Hydrological processes CERN

4 Monitoring and observation of agro-ecosystem Microclimate observation Eddy covariance monitoring Bowen Ratio TDR Soil moisture monitoring wells Comprehensive observation field

5 Experiments of nutrient management Fengqiu Station:long-term experiments on fertilizer application(1989~ ): addressing the sustainability of applying fertilizers for crop ecosystem on a longterm basis ½chemical fertilizer+½organic fertilizer OM(organic fertilizer) PK(chemic al fertilizer) NP(chemical fertilizer) NPK(chemical fertilizer) CK(nonapplication of fertilizers) NK(chemcial fertilizer) N: 150kgN/hm 2 /season;p: wheat 75kg(P 2 O 5 )/hm 2 corn 60 kg/hm 2 ; K: 75kg (K 2 O) /hm 2 /season; Organic fertilizer: 5000 kg/hm 2 /season(7200~8400 kg /hm 2 straw for composting), complement NPK with chemical fertilizers

6 Monitoring and experiments of Lake ecosystem Habitat experiment Eco-fishery experiment Artificial wetland experiment

7 Water surface evaporation Other Cases Carbon flux tower CO 2 double enrichment Fertilizer application CERN

8 CERN has implemented network-based monitoring, experiment and research at national scale, led the development of ecological network system in China, and promoted the growth of ILTER network Network-based long-term ecosystem monitoring and research Platform of global change terrestrial transects system ChinaFLUX Atmospheric environmental changes monitoring network Platform of climate change field control experiments Forest biodiversity monitoring and research network Global change research base Network on experiments of soil fertility and fertilizer use Network on experiments and demonstration of degraded ecosystems restoration Research bases on ecosystem restoration Demonstration bases on ecosystem use and conservation Network on research of cropland ecosystem water cycling and use in northern China Platform of monitoring and control experiments on terrestrial aquatic areas and bay ecological processes CERN 3 research bases,10 dedicated subnetworks on observation and research Network on demonstration of agricultural technological models and experiments

9 Function 2: Research Core research areas 1. Ecosystem biogenic elements and water cycle process 2. Response and adaptation of ecosystems to global climate change 3. Biodiversity conservation and use of biological resources 4. Ecosystem restoration and sustainability 5. Impacts of human activities on ecosystem structure and functions 6. Application of ecological monitoring, modeling and ecoinformatics

10 ( 次 ) CERN Publications 文献量 Citations

11 CERN 的技术研发 模式集成与试验示范体系 CERN won First Prize for the National Science and Technology Progress Award of China in 2012

12 Case 1: Soil erosion control in Loess Plateau Technologies for water and soil conservation: anti-erosion of slopes and gullies, irrigation with collected rainwater economic forests and fruit, combination of crops and fruit Technologies for restoring vegetation: focusing on native plants, supplemented with human intervention to naturally restore the vegetation Disseminated to 0.13M ha in Loess Plateau, generating additional economic benefits of RMB 650M, and expanded to 0.36M ha in northern Shaanxi Province, with significant ecological benefit Control of water and soil loss in Loess Plateau the improved landscape in Zhifanggou, Ansai Grain for Green in Yan an, Shaanxi Province

13 Case 2:Restoring the degraded grassland Key technologies: fencing enclosure delayed grazing enclosure for seeding and application of fertilizer technology for fencing enclosure 1/3 for protection 1/3 for restoring Key technologies: grain for green Desertification control with biological grids mixed sowing of various grasses technology of desertification control with biological grids 1/3 for use Key technologies: cutting grass and grazing by turn rotational grazing technology of rotational grazing These technologies are disseminated to more than 6 M ha in Inner Mongolia, generating a large economic benefit of RMB 1.48 billion Chinese Yuan.

14 succession of vegetation communities Case 3:Sand-dune fixation with vegetation reduced soil water content regulation re-distribution succession of biological soil crust Sand-fixed vegetation Dominant shrub communities Cryptogamae, herbal and shallow root sub-shrubs

15 Case 4:Reforestation in Southern China Qianyanzhou Model in Jiangxi multi-layered agriculture: grass, fruit, crops and fish ponds Heshan Model in Guangdong ecological restoration by plantation in red soil ecological renovation with artificial forests Pure forest+ native trees Pure forest + shrubs 1 15

16 Case 5:Restoring the habitat for aquatic plants in lakes Concepts and technologies: To change the traditional practice of directly restoring the aquatic plants To focus on improving the habitat for such plants To integrate the technologies of improving sunshine, removing wind waves, controlling blue algae and adjusting fish population area of restoring floating-leaved plants technology of removing waves with ecological means demonstration area of controlling algae with shellfish the area of restoring submerged plants area of removing algae by flocculation Results: demonstration area of controlling algae with fish technology of ecological enclosure total P reduced by 30%, total N reduced by 20% coverage rate of aquatic plants grew by 30%, transparency increased by 50cm, Magnified to Taihu Lake, Wuli Lake, and Huizhou West Lake.

17 Mainstreaming CERN in ilter Communities Phase III: 2007-Present Go outside UNEP-CAS International Ecosystem Management Partnership ILTER Vice chair, TA to 5 Middle East countries TA to ecological site in Mongolia US-Chair Joint Research Center Phase II: Asia Network 2004 China FLUX as a member of FluxNet 2003 ILTER East Asia and Pacific Regioal Chair 2000 CERN World Bank Loan ended Phase I: Mainstreaming 1993 CERN Join ILTER, CERN World Bank Loan stated 1988 CERN established

18 Each year over 200 scholars from abroad for scientific exchange and collaboration

19 Joint Collaborations between CERN and ERN Both at network and site levels between ERN and CERN (as well as CEH and IGSNRR) Joint project development China side: NSFC, CAS, and MOST Exchange of staff and postgraduate students China side:china Oversea Scholarship Joint workshops China side: INTCOL 2017 (Beijing) Joint publications.

20 Summary CERN s mandates are ecosystem monitoring, research and better ecosystem management CERN would like to learn from others ERN, i.e. biodiversity monitoring, data management, lake ecosystem research and country side survey CERN and GCOS have potential to work together at network and site levels for joint research, staff exchanges and joint workshops in future. Joint hands for next generation of ecosystem monitoring and observations! 20