Research Update Meeting Cranberry Pathological Highlights from 2005

Transcription

1 University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Cranberry Station Extension meetings Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities 2006 Research Update Meeting Cranberry Pathological Highlights from 2005 Frank Caruso UMass Cranberry Station, fcaruso@umext.umass.edu Follow this and additional works at: Recommended Citation Caruso, Frank, "Research Update Meeting Cranberry Pathological Highlights from 2005" (2006). Cranberry Station Extension meetings. 12. Retrieved from This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cranberry Station Extension meetings by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.

2 Cranberry Pathological Highlights from 2005 Frank L. Caruso UMass Cranberry Station

3 Projects discussed Summary of NE-IPM project PMAP project Fungicide resistance survey Stevens quality/fungal survey Upright dieback Phomopsis Funky flower

4 Where are the pathogens hiding? wind Phyllosticta elongata Colletotrichum acutatum (Flowers) Fusicoccum putrefaciens (Current-year leaves) Phyllosticta vaccinii Phyllosticta elongata Physalospora vaccinii (Current-year pedicel) Fusicoccum putrefaciens Phomopsis vaccinii (Green fruit) Phyllosticta vaccinii (1- and 2-year leaves) Phyllosticta vaccinii Phyllosticta elongata Physalospora vaccinii Fusicoccum putrefaciens (Stems) Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Sound, red fruit) Physalospora vaccinii Phyllosticta elongata Coleophoma empetri (1-year pedicel) Fusicoccum putrefaciens Phomopsis vaccinii (Rotten fruit) Physalospora vaccinii Coleophoma empetri Phyllosticta elongata Coleophoma empetri Colletotrichum acutatum water (Duff--leaves) Phyllosticta elongata Coleophoma empetri Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes (Duff--fruit) Coleophoma empetri

5 Pest Management Alternatives Program (PMAP) Project Conduct field trials to test and demonstrate the effect of changing the number of fungicide applications per year Initiate demonstration plots on commercial beds Investigate and validate identity and taxonomy of cranberry fruit rotting fungi found in different growing regions

6 Effect of changing the number of fungicide applications and comparison of two predictive models Treatment Year 1* Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 1. Using KQ input Timing 2 if one app is needed; Timing 2 and 3 if two apps are needed (see fig. 5 for timings) 2. Using SkyBit input Same fungicide timings as treatment B- -BB FBB I- -IA IAA FBB --- FBB IAA --- IAA 7. 3-spray control FBB** FBB FBB FBB 8. Untreated control *Experiment is anticipated to continue for more than 4-years **F-ferbam; B-chlorothalonil; I-fenbuconazole; A-azoxystrobin Underline indicates the time frame for this project (initial 2 years + 2 extra years).

7 PMAP Field Trial State Bog Field Storage Total XBX XBX XBB XUA XXX FBB Check

8 Key fruit rot fungi Coleophoma empetri Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Phyllosticta vaccinii Physalospora vaccinii Ripe rot Bitter rot Early rot Blotch rot

9 Fungicide resistance survey Early Black Field Storage Total 10 0 Bravo- 3X Abnd- 3X Unreg- 3X ABU UBA Check

10 Fungicide resistance survey Crowley Field Storage Total 10 0 Bravo- 3X Abnd- 3X Unreg- 3X ABU UBA Check

11 Fungal genera to be screened for sensitivity to fungicides in vitro Allantophomopsis cytisporea Allantophomopsis lycopodina Coleophoma empetri Fusicoccum putrefaciens Phomopsis vaccinii Physalospora vaccinii

12 Stevens quality/fungal survey 11 beds selected which have had fruit rot or scald during the past 2-3 years Healthy/rotted berries sampled five times between 7/21 and 9/20 Berries halved, surface-sterilized, plated on acidified cornmeal agar Fungi identified at three weeks

13 Fungicide use and % good fruit #apps %good

14 Two fungicides 80% good Fusic Phomo Physa

15 Three fungicides 82% good Fusic Phomo Physa

16 Three fungicides rotted berries Fusic Phomo Physa *

17 Four fungicides 92% good Fusic Phomo Physa

18 Five fungicides 96% good Fusic Phomo Physa

19 Fungi implicated in upright dieback Phomopsis Synchronoblastia Fusicoccum Gloeosporium Aureobasidium Colletotrichum Pestalotia

20 Dr. Nora Catlin

21 Phomopsis vaccinii

22 100 Leaf pierce Stem cut No wound 80 % Plants with dieback P. vaccinii Discula sp. Control % EB plants showing UD symptoms after inoculation

23 TC EB 9d leaf-pierce TC EB 14d leaf-pierce TC EB 27d leaf-pierce

24 80 'Stevens' 'Early Black' % Plants with dieback P. vaccinii Discula sp. Control % ST and EB rooted cuttings showing UD symptoms after inoculation

25 Stevens rooted cuttings 6d (L) and 40d wound inoculation

26 50 um

27 Funky Flower

28 What do we know about funky flower? Found in 19 beds in MA 16 A type; 3 B type 18 Early Black, I Howes Abnormal flower physiology Very limited fruit production Excessive runner growth Also found in NJ Transmitted through seed Badnavirus or rhabdovirus suspected causal agent

29 Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry and Lingonberry Diseases, 2 nd edition Frank Caruso, UMass Annemiek Schilder, Michigan State Jim Polashock, USDA/ARS/Rutgers

30 Thanks for the help! Jane Mika Katy Foley Nora Catlin Krystal DeMoranville Dan Shumaker Hilary Sandler

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