SRI in Andhra Pradesh Experiences of WWF Dr. Biksham Gujja and Dr. V.Vinod Goud

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1 SRI in Andhra Pradesh Experiences of WWF Dr. Biksham Gujja and Dr. V.Vinod Goud World Water Fund for Nature (WWF) Dialogue Project ICRISAT, Patancheru

2 World Wide fund for Nature (WWF) Non-profit Nature Conservation organisation Mission Stop the degradation of the planet s environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature

3 DIALOGUE ON WATER, FOOD AND ENVIRONMENT

4 Massive Irrigation schemes in AP Started Jalayagnam Identified 28 fast track projects 46,000 crores 64, 00,000 acres under irrigation Many Projects led to water conflicts Ex: Polavaram project Lift Irrigation schemes in MGB All that irrigation is for RICE A Water Guzzling Crop!

5 But.. Yields are stagnating State average production is not crossing even 3 tones/ha While demand for Rice is increasing

6 SRI Cultivation System of Rice Intensification Less water Less seed Less chemical pesticides Less chemical fertilisers Equal or more yield in comparison to traditional cultivation SRI is neither a new variety nor a hybrid it is only a method of rice cultivation

7 The WWF-ANGRAU SRI Collaboration Focus Districts

8 Farmer s Evaluation Some Details Evaluation in Farmer s fields 11 districts in AP About 1000 farmers Research stations of ANGRAU, DRR & ICRISAT NGOs WASSAN & CSA Soil biology/microbiological studies > 0.4 hectares Methods Conventional and SRI Same Variety ( Farmers choice) Same Nutrient inputs ( Farmers choice)

9 Agronomic and Economic Indicators SRI Conventional Tillers / Hill Panicles/Hill Crop Duration 7-10 days less Seed Cost 10% of conventional C/B Ratio 1:1.72-1:4.21 1:1.43-1:3.54

10 SRI vs. Conventional Rice Yields in Andhra Pradesh ( Rabi-2004) Yield (Kg/Ha) Yield (Kg/Ha)

11 Mean Yields for SRI and Conventional Rice Compared by District DISTRICT No OF FARMERS YIELD (Kg/ha) Convention SRI % INCREASE Adilabad Anantapur Chittoor East Godavari Karimnagar Mahboobnagar Medak Nalgonda Rangareddy Warangal West Godavari Mean SE CV 11.1 LSD 5% 497.3

12 SRI Soil biological studies by ICRISAT Data values for soil biological and microbiological properties were generally higher in SRI plots particularly in the post-rainy season. Root mass, root length density of plants in SRI plots was higher than that of control Bigger, better (non-black) and deeper roots together with the generally high microbial activity may explain high yield in SRI.

13 Water productivity as influenced SRI vs Normal (Directorate of Rice Research ICRISAT Trials) Grain yield (q/ha)and Cu.m Watere productivity in SRI Yield Water use (Cu.M 120 W pro Increase kg/cu M 0 SRI Normal 0 Methods Grain Yield increase by 10% in SRI Water Use decreased by 29% (SRI 79 Cum) Water Productivity by 20%

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16 Types of Markers Koundinya marker Wooden marker - 1 Roller marker (8 Rows) Wooden marker - 2

17 Types of Weeders in use 3 Rows Raichur weeder Japan Weeder Single drum weeder Cono weeder Mechanised weeder (under testing) Mandava weeder

18 WEED Problem or Opportunity??

19 Constraints for adoption & scaling up Seed/Input based Agricultural research and extension Extension superseded research

20 Conti.. Skillful operations Seedling removal with ball of earth Young seedling with seed Young seedling with seed Transplanting at interspaces

21 Conti Psychology and attitude Social acceptance Roles reversal

22 Conti.. Lack of support systems Water management - Maintenance of thin film of water - Accuracy in land leveling - Uncertainty of power supply - Canal irrigation in some cases

23 Cont.. Weed management - Laborious - Mechanical Weeders difficult to operate (not suitable) - Supplementary manual weeding required.

24 Cont Compost (organic manure) - Often ready sources not available. Transplanting - Large area - Regular Training for women labour

25 Conti. Limitations of the Method itself - Saline soils - Canal irrigation Rabi - Uplands - Kharif

26 Strategies for Adoption & scaling up Awareness and training to farmers Training, incentives to agriculture extension staff Experienced SRI rice farmers with extension kits Farmers field visit exchanges Establish a separate Extension Service Centres at the district level to guide and promote SRI method.

27 Cont. Establish a multi-disciplinary state level Authority for monitoring and supporting promotion of SRI. Agriculture departments, Universities and rice institutes should initiate a systematic research to collect data, experiment and improvise the practices in the method. Some funds may be made available to the enterprising farmers to conduct their own research and come out with suggestions to other farmers.

28 Dialogues among Farmers on SRI

29 A successful dialogue with CM!

30 Policy Advocacy

31 First National Symposium on SRI Second National Symposium to be held at Agartala, Tripura from 3-5 October 2007

32 SRI Publications

33 International Dialogues Rice and Water workshop in March 2006 at IRRI, Philippines FAO, IRRI, IFPRI, PhilRice,PACARD, WWF, Civil society groups, farmers etc., attended Lobbying for an International Panel to validate the potential of SRI for water saving and productivity enhancement

34 Thank You Contact for More Details: Mobile: