RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN FOOD IRRADIATION

Transcription

1 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN FOOD IRRADIATION

2 China leading 1 million tons of food irradiated yearly* In ~100 irradiation facilities, increasingly by accelerated electrons Source: K. Hsiao and Chen Hao IMRP 2016

3 China leading Largest volumes: Spices, condiments, sauces >200,000 tons / year Dehydrated vegetables and spices are irradiated according to international procedures Irradiated seasonings in instant noodles Garlic (China world # 1 producer and exporter) Pickled chicken snack

4 China Spicy pickled chicken feet / wings Popular snack found in convenience stores across China. Irradiation allows minimum boiling for better texture Shelf-life at room temperature > 6 months > 150,000 tons irradiated in 2016 Two major manufacturers have own irradiator irradiated

5 European Union Food irradiated in the EU (tons) Only region of the world where food irradiation has declined Turning point: 1999 Directives. Use restricted essentially to spices Mention of irradiation mandatory for any amount of ingredient Right to know or warning?

6 European Union September 2017: Comments period ended October 3, 2017 Vast majority of comments called for a revision of the Directives Draft of revised Directives in 2021?

7 Russia Adopted the Codex Alimentarius International Standard for Irradiated Food in early 2016 Various food irradiation standards became effective in 2017 ГОСТ ISO Food irradiation. Requirements for the development, validation and routine control of the process of irradiation using ionizing radiation for the treatment of food ГОСТ /01/2017 Dried spices, herbs and vegetable seasonings. Guidance for irradiation to control pathogens and other microorganisms ГОСТ /01/2017 Fresh agricultural products. Guidance for irradiation as a phytosanitary treatment ГОСТ /07/2017 General requirements for the labelling of irradiated foodstuffs ГОСТ /07/2017 Fresh and frozen red meat. Guidance for irradiation to control parasites, pathogens and other microorganisms ГОСТ /07/2017 Packed semi-finished meat. Guidance for irradiation to control parasites, pathogens and other microorganisms

8 Russia Two electron beam facilities aiming at the food market started operation in 2017 in the region of Moscow.

9 The rapid rise of irradiation as a quarantine measure Tons / year since continuous commercial use began in 1995 Drivers Globalization of trade and global warming increase risk of pests Increasing demand for high quality exotic fresh produce Increasing demand for produce without chemical residues Irradiation works

10 Recent trends in phytosanitary irradiation Unique merits of irradiation Applicable to a very broad range of products and pests Requires low doses that have minimum effects on products Provides fruits of superior quality compared to most alternative treatments Trends Traded volumes steadily increase More countries involved in exporting and importing irradiated fresh produce More types of produce irradiated More kinds of pests targeted

11 Viet Nam lychees to Australia

12 Peruvian figs and pomegranate to USA

13 Indonesian mangoes and dragon fruit to Australia February 16, 2018 During the 21st meeting of the Working Group on Agriculture, Food and Forestry Cooperation (WGAFFC) between Australia and Indonesia - held in Melbourne from Feb. 14 to 15 - it was agreed that Indonesia will soon start exporting mangoes and dragon fruit to Australia. The head of the Indonesian Agriculture Ministry s Agriculture Quarantine Agency, Banun Harpini, said Australia had agreed to irradiate the fruit to assure the products would meet Australian standards.

14 Export of irradiated produce from Mexico

15 Export of irradiated produce from Australia (estimate Feb 2018) Product Exported to Tons Tons Table Grapes Viet Nam Mangoes New Zealand Cherries Viet Nam Tomatoes New Zealand Lychees New Zealand Mangoes USA Papaya New Zealand 22 0 Mangoes Malaysia 14 0 Lychees USA 12 6 Capsicums New Zealand 9 0 Mandarins Viet Nam Strawberries Indonesia 2 0 Blueberries Indonesia 1 0 TOTAL %

16 Australia Products now irradiated in Steritech facility near Brisbane 2018: new X ray facility in Melbourne

17 New EB facility for the phytosanitary treatment of fresh produce Pinxiang, Guanxii Province, Vietnamese border 2 x 7.5 kw 10 MeV linear accelerators (Nuctech) Irradiation from top + bottom

18 New EB facility for the phytosanitary treatment of fresh produce

19 Importers of irradiated fresh produce in 2016 Tons Main products USA (incl.from Hawaii) 30,000 Guavas, mangoes New Zealand 1,190 Mangoes, tomatoes, lychee Vietnam 1,120 Grapes, mandarins, oranges

20 Exporters of irradiated fresh produce 2016 Tons (2016) Main products Mexico 14,380 Guava, mango, chili manzano Hawaii ~ 8,000 Sweet potato, papaya (to continental USA) Vietnam 6,000 Dragon fruit, longan Australia 2,700 Mango, lychee, cherries

21 India: big potential but currently insignificant Export of Indian mangoes to the US Adapted from Mr Vikram KALIA IMRP 2016

22 Success of PI confirms consumers do buy irradiated food

23 In summary : Food irradiation making [slow] progress in most countries Spices and herbs most commonly irradiated product Use of irradiation as a quarantine measure is the most remarkable development in many years Now enough evidence that consumers buy irradiated food Retailers persuasion probably more critical than consumers education Wide adoption of the technology might require a new approach

24 Changing the future of food irradiation? Conventional food processes happen in-house / in-line Washing Cutting Cooking Cooling Freezing Drying Freeze drying Pasteurization Heat sterilization Vacuum Packing Self-shielded accelerators and new types of EB / X lamps may allow new approach

25 In-line EB treatment spreading in industry Liquid Packaging Tetra Pak E-beam aseptic filling system Biopharma Getinge E-beam Tub Sterstar Sterilizers

26 Example of new concept EB New generation of metal ceramic lamps producing low energy electrons (300 kev) Proper product presentation Adequate surface decontamination

27 New concept low energy EB First low energy EB machine for dried ingredients installed in Germany in mid-2017