Collective Action: Time for Change. GCARD Montpellier, March 2010 Colin Chartres and Carlos Seré

Transcription

1 Collective Action: Time for Change GCARD Montpellier, March 2010 Colin Chartres and Carlos Seré

2 This presentation The grand challenges Successful partnerships The role of the CGIAR A vision for the future

3 The R4D paradigm is changing 9 billion people by 2050 Global food chains disadvantage smallholders Food crises Climate change Collapsing fish stocks E-Comms Energy crises biofuel competition Water scarcity Urbanization Dietary change Deforestation, soil Networked science erosion and exhaustion Economies of scale Growth of private sector Strength of BRICs increasing challenges increasing opportunities

4 Last century s output delivery model Priority Setting Research & Development Extension Adoption Evaluation

5 Grand Challenge: Population and poverty Pop. m 2009 Pop. m 2050 Growth Africa % Asia % Europe % LA and Caribbean % Source: Stan Wood et al. (IFPRI) 2009

6 Grand Challenge: Food and feed demand The world will require 1 billion tonnes of additional cereal grains to 2050 to meet food and feed demands (IAASTD 2009) Grains 1048 million tonnes more to 2050 Livestock 430 million MT Monogastrics mostly human consumption 458 million MT biofuels 160 million MT

7 Grand Challenge: Water scarcity

8 Grand Challenge: Gender equity Large (and increasing) role of women in agriculture, but underserved by R&D system Meeting needs of women as well as men leads to increased productivity and reduces poverty go beyond staple grain production address differential challenges

9 Grand Challenge: Innovation and adoption M. Ivanovic & W. Martin, World Bank, 2010

10 Successful partnerships We could show you many examples of successful partnerships

11 Focusing on the very poor: Fisheries in Bangladesh Partners: Dept of Fisheries, Bangladesh 11 NGOs and private organizations WorldFish Target: >23,000 households 113 water bodies Output: 100 fish sanctuaries Outcome: Improved fisheries Empowered marginal community

12 Sharing and comparing: Water management solutions Partners: IWMI, FAO, IFPRI, SEI and national research systems Target: Improved livelihoods of 1 m smallholder farmers in 5 years in 5 SSA countries and 2 Indian states Output: Suitable agricultural water management solutions identified Outcome: Investments in water management, policy interventions, improved business models and supply chains, community empowerment

13 Working together for better policy Partners: African Union, NEPAD, ECOWAS, SADC, COMESA, CGIAR (IFPRI, ILRI, IWMI, ICRISAT, IITA) Target: 6% agricultural growth rate 10% budget share for agriculture Output: Regional policy nodes Databases, modeling tools and baselines Outcome: >20 African countries >100 documents adopted as official policy documents 14 compacts signed

14 A partnership to increase rice productivity Cornell, JIRCAS, IRD, CIRAD, WUR, McGill, Hohenheim & Hanover Univ., CAAS Donors NEC CG Centers + Challenge Programs Development agencies & actors Coalition for African rice development FARA, SROs, CAADP, Regional economic organizations 18% increase in Africa s rice production (2008)

15 The Borlaug Global Rust Initiative Global collaboration: ICARDA, CIMMYT, ICAR India, national research systems, FAO, Cornell University, USDA/ARS, CSIRO Australia, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Outputs: Ug99 surveillance Breeding for durable resistance Multiplication of seed of resistant varieties

16 Biosciences eastern and central Africa (BecA) ILRI Hub Partners: NEPAD, ILRI, CGIAR crop Centers, international scientists Target: Technology and knowledge solutions Outputs: Research and research-related services Capacity building Outcome: Support to innovation capacity for bioscience in Africa

17 but all is not perfect Farmer concerns: Research failed to address challenges in agricultural support and advocacy Weak engagement of farmers and farmer organizations in setting the R4D agenda Challenge for farmer organizations in identifying, collecting, analyzing and articulating the research needs of poor farmers Weakness of the extension/agricultural advisory services: research findings fail to reach farmers Diminishing involvement of farmers in measuring impact

18 but all is not perfect Collective opportunity: Farmer organizations are becoming increasingly well organized and are articulating the needs for R&D. They must have a seat at the table

19 What role for the CGIAR in the new R4D era? Business as usual is no longer possible: Problems are becoming more complex Solutions need to be more holistic We need new integrated scientific approaches, new actors, new roles, new paradigms

20 Climate Change: A complex operating space Property Rights Global Carbon Markets Inter national S p a c e Nation Community IPM Irrigation Ponds Seed Systems Forests Reservoirs Watershed management Transboundary River Basins Terracing Collective Action State C o o r d i n a t i o n Plot New seeds Soil Carbon Agroforestry Short Long Time

21 Role of institutions in developing new crop varieties Property Rights Internati onal Internati onal S p a c e Nation Community Plot New Seeds Seed supply Developing new varieties Co llec tive Act ion S t a t e C o o r d i n a t i o n Short Long Time

22 The CGIAR: adding value Global overview, focus on international public goods and developing country locations Address complex inter-woven problems of food security, poverty, environmental risks Honest broker and intermediary between countries Act as a catalyst, helping regions adapt and adopt international public goods developed elsewhere

23 The CGIAR: facilitating collective action based on regional similarities Agro-ecological zones with common production systems, biophysical constraints and risks Similar development trajectories Transferable technologies and lessons But remember: regional political/socio-economic and biophysical differences

24 The CGIAR: facilitating collective action based on regional similarities Mega-deltas Plains and plateaus Coasts Uplands forested vs intensively used

25 What can we do to enhance collective action? Promote farmer- and regionallevel consultation Be more precise on where we can and cannot contribute to national/local issues Help to build on emerging and existing networks Support national agricultural research systems Encourage links with the private sector Promote equal partnerships

26 How will we achieve it? Joint strategic planning and common goals Understanding benefits and trade-offs of working on specific issues in specific locations Get buy-in from national agricultural research systems Involve international centers Support from policy makers and politicians Donor support

27 How will the new CGIAR be different? More demand-driven, product-oriented approach Greater focus on developing shared goals and priority setting Continued emphasis on partnerships and collective action Better definition of impact pathways Better definition and agreement on roles and responsibilities in R4D chain and innovation systems Strengthening partners capacity to innovate Renewed effort on knowledge management and sharing

28 The road ahead Early days, first steps But we have company on the road Strategic Results Framework and its Thematic Areas provide the milestones for our journey

29 The Future Research & Development Priority Setting Extension Adoption Evaluation

30 Conclusions We face a daunting challenge But also a great opportunity If we work together, we will succeed!