Senegal Dairy Genetics / Sénégal Génétique Laitière
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1 Senegal Dairy Genetics / Sénégal Génétique Laitière Karen Marshall FoodAfrica annual workshop, 23 rd & 24 th February 2015, Nairobi, Kenya
2 The importance of dairy Food security milk = high-quality food which supplies protein, energy & essential micronutrients consumption of even small amounts of milk can significantly increase nutritional security Livelihoods cattle keeping / dairy is an important livelihood activity to rural households in Senegal
3 Work package objectives To identify and promote utilisation of the most appropriate dairy breed-types for more productive and profitable dairy enterprises in selected production systems in Senegal
4 2014 key achievements: breed comparison
5 Longitudinal survey 239 households with ~3500 dairy animals in two sites 6 field staff each assigned to ~40 dairy households each, visit each household about every 5-6 weeks Collect socio-economic data (gendered) + animal-level data (including milk yield)
6 Longitudinal survey J F M A M J J A S O N D Field staff recruited Project launch events Recruitment survey Recruitment dairy households into project; field staff & farmer training Baseline surveys x 2 (household head & adult female) Longitudinal survey 1 (focus on on-off socio-economics + animal history) - animal ear-tagging Longitudinal survey 2 milk recording initiated Longitudinal survey 3 Long. survey 4 Transhumant survey
7 Longitudinal survey J F M A M J J A S O N D Long. survey 4 Longitudinal survey 5 Longitudinal survey 6 Longitudinal survey 7 Longitudinal survey 8 Longitudinal survey 9 Longitudinal survey 10 Longitudinal survey 11 Transhumant survey
8 Project database Data managed by a customised project database internet accessible in use by people in Senegal, Kenya, Finland, United Kingdom, Tanzania
9 Other field activities Animal weights and body measurements on 860 project animals Hair samples collected for DNA animals on 759 project + 23 reference animals Animal body measurements Feed and milk samples collected from 259 households for aflatoxin analysis with WP5 2 nd season milk quality measurements (fat, protein) on 241 animals Survey implemented on farmer recall milk yield Collection hair samples for DNA analysis
10 Varied analysis underway System characteristics Milk yields & milk composition (protein / fat) Animal demographics, including reproductive Breed composition from genotype data Farm household typology Farmer perceptions of dairy cattle diseases Relationship between animal body weights & body measurements Accuracy recall versus monitored milk yield
11 Liters milk Analysis highlight milk yields Breed 305 day milk yield Zebu Gobra x Taurine cross Zebu Gobra 747 litres 3.00 Zebu Gobra x Taurine cross 1885 litres Zebu Gobra Versus ~8000 litres in Finland stage of lactation (months) Based on 4 rounds of longitudinal monitoring, analysis currently being repeated using full data-set
12 Rate Rate Analysis highlight animal demographics Mortality rates Abortion & still birth rates Female Male Female and Male 0.2 Abortion Stillborn Group A Group B Group C Group D Group E Whole sample 0 Group A Group B Group C Group D Group E Whole sample Breed group Definition Common project examples A 100% Ancient Zebu Zebu Gobra (ZG) B 75% Ancient Zebu; 25% Recent Zebu 75% ZG, 25% Guzerat C 50% Ancient Zebu; 50% Recent Zebu 50% ZG, 50% Guzerat D 50% Ancient Zebu; 50% Recent Taurine 50% ZG, 50% Holstein-Freisian / Montbeliard E 100% Recent Taurine 100% Holstein-Freisian / Montbeliard
13 Analysis highlight breed composition from genetic data Farmer stated breed = Normande x Zebu Gobra Genetically (SNP) derived breed-types for animal E-01 64% Holstein 6.00E E E E E-01 4% Jersey 28% Zebu Gobra 3.5% Montbeliard 1.00E E+00
14 Analysis highlight gendered intrahousehold labour on dairy Gender Who Average hours per week on dairy Main activities Male Household adult 30 Herding / Hired adult 55 animal care / milking Household boy 21 Female Household adult 7 Hired female 7 Household girl 2 Processing & sale of milk
15 2014 key achievements: analysis of the dairy germplasm production and delivery system
16 Strengthening the dairy germplasm production and delivery systems: process Policy review on Senegal dairy with focus on AnGR use (2014 report) Analysis of drivers of uptake of non-indigenous breeds and artificial insemination (2014 conference paper) Assessment of the germplasm production & delivery value chain, in partnership with ISRA (stakeholder workshops + key informant interviews completed 2014) Willingness to pay for improved dairy genetics With stakeholders recommendations on strengthened dairy germplasm production & delivery systems Disseminated messages e.g. policy briefs
17 Policy review Policy framework for Dairy Development in Senegal (72pp report) Main sections: Global trends of dairy industry The dairy sector in Senegal Germplasm supply chain in Senegal Dairy policy framework in Senegal Recommendations on: (1) restructuring dairy institutions, (2) implementing guidelines for dairy germplasm development In English, translation to French planned
18 2014 key achievements: capacity building
19 Farmer training + project feedback sessions Training topic 2) Fodder preservation treatment of hay with urea (8 workshops, May 2014) Number farmers 403 (36% female) 3) Fodder conservation grass collection & storage 371 (34% female) 4) Improving AI success rates (8 workshop, Nov. 2014)
20 Students 2014 Program Study area Nationality PhD Livestock science / dairy Masters Livestock science / animal weight prediction Cameroon Benin Masters Livestock science / lactation modelling Masters Statistics / cluster analysis DMV thesis component Livestock science / animal health PhD Climate change / livestock interventions for mitigation of GHG Finland Kenya Senegal United Kingdom
21 Training videos Production of three farmer training videos underway with WP7 Topics: 1) fodder conservation and hay treatment with urea 2) how to prepare a cow for artificial insemination 3) management of non-indigenous cattle breeds
22 Activities to project end
23 2015 activities 1. Cost-benefit analysis based on longitudinal data use of International Farm Comparison Network (IFCN) model output per cow, liter milk, unit labour etc. 2. Recommendations, with stakeholders, on strengthening the dairy germplasm delivery system 3. Capacity building support to project students learning lessons from project 4. Project sustainability implementation of dissemination plan this projects leads to a phase 2 project on business model development
24 Cost:benefit analysis All costs: health-care, feed, animal housing, replacement animals, labour, marketing etc. All benefits: milk consumed, milk sold, calf sale etc. Breed group A Household type Non-market orientated X Market orientated B X X C X X D E X X Estimate input parameters for each household x breed combinations Cost:benefit analysis for each household x breed combinations Socio-economic comparison of breeds / cross-breeds within & across household types
25 Dissemination Led by key local partner - Interstate School of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dakar (EISMV) Types of dissemination activities Policy briefs / policy dialogue Via NGOs / farmer groups: Heifer International Senegal ANCAR DIFREL Veterinary curricula of EISMV National & regional media releases Stakeholder workshops Farmer training videos IPG tools / database Scientific articles Policy maker on dairy attending project launch event
26 Thank-you Making of videos for mid-term seminar 2014 Video link is
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