China s Future Challenges
|
|
- Norman Berry
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 China s Future Challenges Tony Saich Director, Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation Director, Institute for Asia Harvard Kennedy School Presentation for FE-UI August 30,
2 Outline of Talk Premier Wen Jiabao to CCTV reporter after the 2010 NPC meeting (March 14, 2010): I have previously said that if there is inflation, added to the inequitable distribution of income and corruption, it would be enough to threaten social stability and the consolidation of political power. Four parts: Recent economic policy trends Long-term economic strategy Socio-economic challenges Implications for the region 2
3 Short-term Policy Fundamental challenge is to tighten liquidity and reduce inflationary pressures while honoring the huge economic and political commitments already made to investment projects Monetary policy should reduce excess liquidity but not shift to a sharply contracted stance Thus, attempts at selective tightening Reserve requirements raised three times Fiscal spending reduce Deflate the asset bubble in the housing market 3
4 Lending growth A conflict between central and local priorities Lending growth back to 18 per cent, the average of recent years and down from the 35 per cent in 2009 Lending to be reduced from 7.5 trillion Rmb from 9 trillion in 2009 with a more even spread BUT there remains a vast commitment of resources for government-led projects st ¼ around 28 trillion of projects under construction with 3 trillion committed for new projects (34.5 per cent up on 2009) 150,000 projects under construction Politically difficult for the center to clamp down too strongly 4
5 Housing Policy New measures meet the political objective of tackling inequality Policy is geared to ending high end speculation; keeping the middle class on board; and providing affordable housing Again central-local differences as local governments are dependent on land revenues April 17, main policy strands announced 1. Measures to restrict speculative demand for housing 2. Increase supply of housing, especially affordable housing 3. Experimentation with the tax system to introduce a property Caused a 50/60 per cent drop in transactions and 70 price index cooled to around 11 per cent growth 5
6 Short-term Policy Slow-down in housing construction will impact on steel and other commodities Fixed asset investment growth has slowed from 35 to 25 per cent, copper prices dropping as well as iron ore and copper 2 nd ¼ GDP growth was 10.3 per cent down from 11.9 per cent in the 1 st ¼. Industrial production for June at 13.7 per cent down from 16.5 per cent in May Premier Wen might finally get his desire for 8 per cent economic growth! Essentially, macroeconomic policy still moderately expansionary and urbanization to drive rapid investment 6
7 Long Term Economic Stategy Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao policy intention Not reject growth oriented policies but seek to supplement them Improve access to healthcare and education for those in rural areas and migrants Improve and extend social security system Moderate environmental impact of development Reduce energy demand Stimulate domestic innovation Promote domestic brands Create world-leading companies 7
8 Long-term Development 12 th five year program will see commitment to realize the original objectives for the economy set out by Hu-Wen in , none of which have been realized Reduce dependency on the two main drivers of growth: investment and export demand Domestic demand is 80% of aggregate demand but most is government investment Longer-term goal to increase domestic consumption and domestic productivity growth Road map for accelerating changes in the mode of economic growth Shift to consumption will over time further slow growth Investment in infrastructure and industry will remain important but little capacity for investment/gdp ratio to rise much further Same limited capacity for exports to expand much more Problem of savings rate with respect to boosting domestic consumption 8
9 Components of Growth 9
10 Growth Comparisons Adapted from D. Perkins Country Year rapid growth started GDP per capita (PPP) Year rapid growth ended GDP per capita (PPP) Japan 1950 $2, $13,800 South Korea 1963 $1, $13,370 Taiwan 1960 $1, $13,370 10
11 Socio-economic Challenges Five major challenges that are relevant to business 1. Aging Population 2. Gender Imbalances 3. Growth of the Middle-Class and the New Rich 4. Inequality 5. Resource Constraints 11
12 An Aging Society Negative effect of higher dependency ratios and greater expenditures on elderly care By 2050, China will age on average 13.8 years (US 3.6) Will be the first society to grow old before it grows rich 2040 peak population of 1.54 billion Already officially an aging state with over 10 per cent of the population over family structure Consequences Significant pension obligation to deal with Significant increase in medical costs Lower fertility rate = lower domestic savings rate but a higher return to labor 12
13 Gender Imbalance Sex ratios (2000 Census) males to females :100 Means over 41 million more men At birth ratio is :100 and by four = :100 Chinese researchers suggest by 2020 there will be 100 million Chinese bachelors Consequences: Distortion of family structures Strain on capacity to care for elderly Increase in dowry Rise in commercial sex work and risk of STDs 13
14 14 14
15 New Middle Class and the Super Rich CASS predicts a middle class of 35 per cent by 2020 McKinsey by 2011 lower middle-class (earning ) = 290 million; upper middle class by 2025 ( ) = 520 million 2009, China 2nd largest consumer of luxury goods, bought 25% of world s luxury goods ($9.4 billion) 825,000 individuals worth over 10 m. yuan; 51,000 worth over 100 m. (Hurun report) 70% are male; 66% are aged 31 to 45; 23% made money in real estate Forbes: After US the highest number of billionaires, 64 in 2009 A high percentage are party members, family members of leaders past and present have carved out business domains People s Daily poll 90% of people think that the new rich gained wealth through networking with government officials 69% thought badly of the new rich One study (criticized) suggested that 90% of China s wealth held by 0.4% of the population 15 15
16 16
17 17
18 Inequality-Rural-Urban Gap 18
19 Inequality Causes Urban-Rural Household Income Ratio
20 Regional Disparities in China (2008) Source: China Statistical Yearbook, 2009 (Beijing: China Statistics Press) and Per capita annual income (Rmb) Ownership per 100 urban households Eastern Central Western Northeastern 18,544 12,392 12,130 12,306 Automobiles Computers Mobile phones Washing machines Ownership per 100 rural households Motorcycles Computers Mobile phones Washing machines
21 Regional Energy Order Overturned (from E. Cunningham) Primary Energy Production Europe Middle East Source: EIA Russia/FSU data in revision by EIA 21
22 Resource Constraints International Energy Agency-2009 China use of energy sources at 2.26 bln tonnes oil equivalent overtook the US China now the largest energy market BUT China provides over 90% of the primary energy demand domestically, thus one of the world s most energy self-sufficient economies However, heavily reliant on coal 22
23 Primary Energy Consumption, 2009 Electricity Generation
24 Energy as Choice vs. Constraint Domestic Pressures Env.: Extensive environmental degradation limits growth and growth potential, and adds to social instability. but domestic development challenges make it critical for China to maintain high economic growth to finance needed social development. International Pressures Env.: China is industrializing and urbanizing at a time when climate change mitigation has been put at the top of the global agenda, yet such industrialization has relied on energy-intensive sector output and largely coal-based input. but committing to a climate deal implies massive structural transformation for China, not only of its energy mix but also of its energy-intensive sectors such as transport and building. and China s historical alignment with the G77 view that climate change is predominantly an OECD-world problem is becoming contradictory as China has recently become the world s largest carbon emitter 24
25 Global Impacts of China s Development Six main impacts of economic development 1. China s export competitiveness and the volume of exports will severely affect trade prospects of other countries. Strong competitive pressures in consumer goods future engineering products and services 2. Attraction of FDI will force other countries to develop more hospitable environments 3. Major impact on import of commodities, intermediate components, machinery and energy 4. Setting up of China Investment Corporation can have a major impact on the global investment world 5. Emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will affect climate change 6. Other environmental impacts 25
26 Impacts for Global Business 1. If shift to domestic consumption is successful will reduce CCP interest in export trade and FDI more emphasis on rural/inland development and a shift to higher quality FDI. 2. More economic nationalism and pro-china competition policies 3. But will still be crucial needs and wants Energy and raw materials security Advanced technology Help develop global brands 4. Opportunities to serve new secondary markets, inland cities and new markets created by urbanization and improved infrastructure and logistics 26
27 Terima Kasih The Indonesia Program of the Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) is made possible through the generous support of the. 27
Improvement in U.S. household consumption expenditures help improve China s exports
Improvement in U.S. household consumption expenditures help improve China s exports Percent change from preceding year Percent change from preceding year 8 50 6 4 2 0-2 China s exports to U.S. (R) U.S.
More informationIs China s growth sustainable? Chang Ka Mun Managing Director Li & Fung Development (China) Limited CNAPS Advisory Council, 28 November 2007
Is China s growth sustainable? Chang Ka Mun Managing Director Li & Fung Development (China) Limited CNAPS Advisory Council, 28 November 2007 Recent developments of Chinese economy (1) High growth rate
More informationWhich of these pictures accurately shows the country of Jamaica?
Ch.9 - Development Which of these pictures accurately shows the country of Jamaica? The World is Divided between Relatively Rich and Relatively Poor countries.where? WHY? IMPACT. What is Development? Process
More informationGrowth in China s resource use still has some way to go
Developments in China implications for Australia s resources industries Wayne Calder Deputy Executive Director Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics (BREE) 2014 Growth in China s resource use still
More informationChina s Economic Stimulus Package -Overview and Opportunities. October 28, 2009 Andrew Pan & Robert Fraser
China s Economic Stimulus Package -Overview and Opportunities October 28, 2009 Andrew Pan & Robert Fraser 1 Outline China s Economy Under Global Economic Slowdown China s Economic Stimulus Package Opportunities
More informationCityup.org 城市规划与交通网. Global Trends and Challenges. Michael Spence International Forum on City Planning Beijing June 2007
Global Trends and Challenges Michael Spence International Forum on City Planning Beijing June 2007 Very Long Term Economic Growth Globalization Driving Forces Globalization is the unification of many of
More informationAgriculture in China - Successes, Challenges, and Prospects. Prof. Zhihao Zheng College of Economics & Management China Agricultural University
Agriculture in China - Successes, Challenges, and Prospects Prof. Zhihao Zheng College of Economics & Management China Agricultural University I. Success 1. For the past three decades (1978-2010), China
More informationChina s Changing Economic Growth Modes in Historical Perspective
Chapter 1 China s Changing Economic Growth Modes in Historical Perspective Liu Wei and Cai Zhizhou School of Economics, Peking University, Beijing, PRC China has kept a long-term rapid economic growth
More informationOutlook for Bulk Commodities John Barber Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics. bree.gov.au
Outlook for Bulk Commodities John Barber Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics bree.gov.au Overview Outlook for China Steel and iron ore markets Electricity and thermal coal China s economy is still
More informationPOLICY CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL
POLICY CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL development PLANS This Note is an extract from the Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia, and India 2015: Strengthening Institutional Capacity, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/saeo-2015-en.
More informationPLENARY PANEL 1. A brief on the. African Union Commodities Strategy and Industrialization
PLENARY PANEL 1 A brief on the African Union Commodities Strategy and Industrialization [Type here] The African Union Commodities Strategy and Industrialization 1. Africa has about 12 per cent of the world
More informationRecent transformations in the Global Economy and its consequences for economic and social development. Joseph E. Stiglitz Cuba December 2016
Recent transformations in the Global Economy and its consequences for economic and social development Joseph E. Stiglitz Cuba December 2016 Outline The recent evolution of beliefs system about what makes
More informationFDI for Sustainable Development and the SDGs - National Challenges and Policy Responses
FDI for Sustainable Development and the SDGs - National Challenges and Policy Responses Seyed Komail Tayebi Director of CEIEUI, Department of Economics, University of Isfahan, Iran Zahra Zamani Department
More informationVIETNAMESE DISCUSSANT
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAMESE DISCUSSANT Tran Kim Long Director General of International Cooperation Department Paris, 03 May 2017 The Role of Agriculture in Vietnam Remaining
More informationA general Introduction to the Recent Economic Development and Machinery Industry of China
A general Introduction to the Recent Economic Development and Machinery Industry of China Song, Xiaogang Deputy Secretary General, CMIF, China December 4, 2008,Monaco Agenda 1. China Machinery Industry
More informationPromoting EPC Mechanism and Strengthening Northeast Asian Energy Conservation Cooperation
Promoting EPC Mechanism and Strengthening Northeast Asian Energy Conservation Cooperation Shen Longhai Senior Adviser, National Development and Reform Commission Energy Research Institute Director, EMCA
More informationAfrica 2015 Prospects, Challenges and Opportunities. Haleh Bridi Director of External Relations and Partnership Africa Region, World Bank
Africa 2015 Prospects, Challenges and Opportunities Haleh Bridi Director of External Relations and Partnership Africa Region, World Bank Africa continues to grow Despite a weak global economy, growth in
More informationStrategic Sourcing: Which Regional Price Discrepancies are Sustainable? Katherine Lewis Director, European Pricing and Purchasing 24 June 2009
Strategic Sourcing: Which Regional Price Discrepancies are Sustainable? Katherine Lewis Director, European Pricing and Purchasing 24 June 2009 Bottom Line Even though metals price differentials registering
More informationGlobal Food Security Index 2015:
Global Food Security Index 2015: An annual measure of the state of global food security Sponsored by May 19, 2015 Agenda I. Introduction Overview & objectives Framework 2015 results II. III. Global Trends
More informationMAKE IN INDIA & INDIAN STEEL INDUSTRY
MAKE IN INDIA & INDIAN STEEL INDUSTRY Jayant Acharya Director(Commercial & Marketing) JSW STEEL,INDIA 18-11-2016 GLOBAL ECONOMY & INDIA 2.6 2.0-3.7 0.5 7.6 6.9 0.0 0.5 Global Economic growth continues
More informationElectrification in sub-saharan Africa: The role of international institutions
Electrification in sub-saharan Africa: The role of international institutions Simone Tagliapietra Introduction Africa s access to electricity varies by region: North Africa is almost entirely (99 per cent)
More informationWorld steel outlook and challenges ahead. Steel Markets Asia Conference, 9 November 2017
World steel outlook 2017-2018 and challenges ahead Steel Markets Asia Conference, 9 November 2017 Disclaimer text This document is protected by copyright. Distribution to third parties or reproduction
More informationThe changing global economic landscape: Boosting productivity to meet the middle income challenge
The changing global economic landscape: Boosting productivity to meet the middle income challenge Carl J. Dahlman Presentation in Berlin October 9, Outline A. Shifting global economic landscape B. The
More informationClick to edit Master subtitle style. Address to HBS India Business Conference April 4, 2004
Click to edit Master subtitle style Address to HBS India Business Conference April 4, 2004 KEY MESSAGES India can grow at 10 per cent over the next 10 years. A 10 per cent GDP growth is not only possible
More informationAPEC ENERGY DEMAND AND SUPPLY OUTLOOK
2002/09/12 ASIA PACIFIC ENERGY RESEARCH CENTRE APEC ENERGY DEMAND AND SUPPLY OUTLOOK 2002 1 PRESS RELEASE STUDY OBJECTIVES This Outlook is intended to foster member economies understanding of energy demand
More informationSeizing the Opportunity of Green Development in China
Seizing the Opportunity of Green Development in China Yongsheng Zhang Development Research Center of the State Council, China Growing Green: The Economic Benefits of Environmental Policies international
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT (IJM)
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT (IJM) ISSN 0976-6502 (Print) ISSN 0976-6510 (Online) Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 449-453 http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/index.asp Journal Impact Factor (2016):
More informationImproving public investment efficiency for infrastructure development
Policy Dialogue on Infrastructure Financing Strategies for Sustainable Development in South-East Asia Manila, 29-30 August 2017 Improving public investment efficiency for infrastructure development Mr
More informationLucintel. Publisher Sample
Lucintel http://www.marketresearch.com/lucintel-v2747/ Publisher Sample Phone: 800.298.5699 (US) or +1.240.747.3093 or +1.240.747.3093 (Int'l) Hours: Monday - Thursday: 5:30am - 6:30pm EST Fridays: 5:30am
More informationChina s Progress in Energy Efficiency and. CHINA JAPAN U.S. Cooperation
China s Progress in Energy Efficiency and Emission i Rd Reduction and Implications i for CHINA JAPAN U.S. Cooperation Gang He Research Associate, Stanford University Program on Energyand Sustainable Development
More informationNATIONAL BUSINESS CONFERENCE, Structure of Presentation
NATIONAL BUSINESS CONFERENCE, 2008 IS BOTSWANA S GROWTH SUSTAINABLE? Keith Jefferis Structure of Presentation What is sustainable economic growth? Concepts and definitions Secrets of success Sustainability
More informationEffects of China s Auto/Home Appliance Subsidies on Production in Japan
Japan's Economy 13 July 212 (No. of pages: 8) Japanese report: 1 Jul 12 Effects of China s Auto/Home Appliance Subsidies on Production in Japan Two perspectives of production in Japan and by Japanese companies
More informationRegional Inequality and CO 2 Emissions in China: a consumption-based MRIO approach
Regional Inequality and CO 2 Emissions in China: a consumption-based MRIO approach K. Feng a, X. Li b, L. Sun c, K. Hubacek a* a Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park,
More informationA GATïà ^ GÉNÉRAL SUR LES TARIFS DOUA RS ET LE COMMEM
Press Relea ommuniqu iepr< GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE A GATïà ^ GÉNÉRAL SUR LES TARIFS DOUA RS ET LE COMMEM >ntre William Rappard, Rue de Lausanne 154, 1211 Genève 21 M W Tél. (022M 31 02 31
More informationBuild resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation OUTLOOK Projected investment needs in Asia and the Pacific are substantial. Hundreds of millions
More informationThe Indian direct selling opportunity: 2025
The Indian direct selling opportunity: 2025 Driven by increasing share of middle income households and potential of increasing penetration, the direct selling market in India has the potential to reach
More informationINTERNATIONAL CONSUMER MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL CONSUMER MARKETS 2016-2017 January 2016 2 nd Edition 535 pages ISBN# 9781577832324 Published by Richard K. Miller & Associates (RKMA) PART I: GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW 1 GLOBAL GDP 1.1 Overview
More informationThird Edition. Gregory C. Chow
China's Economic Transformation Third Edition Gregory C. Chow WlLEY Blackwell Contents Preface to the Third Edition Part I: Historical Background and General Survey 1 Economic Lessons from History 1.1
More informationGlobal Energy Dilemmas: A Geographical Perspective
Global Energy Dilemmas: A Geographical Perspective Professor Mike Bradshaw Geographical Association Annual Conference and Exhibition www.le.ac.uk http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/geography/people/mjb41
More informationMaking steel more green: challenges and opportunities Workshop on green growth in shipbuilding Paris, 7-8 July 2011
Making steel more green: challenges and opportunities Workshop on green growth in shipbuilding Paris, 7-8 July 2011 Agenda 1. The importance of steel in economic development 2. The past and current efforts
More informationDate File No. Our ref. Food Team Case No.
Date 29-03-2012 File No. Our ref. Food Team Case No. 1. Summary... 3 2. Macroeconomic indicators... 3 3. Consumption of major food products... 4 4. Urban and rural consumption patterns... 6 5. Imported
More informationCEE Growth & Development
CEE Growth & Development Dragana Stanišić UPCES Lecture 2 Spring Term 2014 Growth of... GDP small vs big nations GDP per capita ageing vs young population GDP per worker no objection? GDP per square metre
More informationEnterprises: Key to Inclusive
Small & Medium Enterprises: Key to Inclusive Growth in the Philippines Cielito F. Habito, Ph.D. Ateneo de Manila University Brain Trust Inc. Overview The Problem: Slow and Non- Inclusive Growth The Need:
More informationExploring the World of Business and Economics
Chapter 1 Exploring the World of Business and Economics 1 Discuss what you must do to be successful in the world of business. 2 Define business and identify potential risks and rewards. 3 Define economics
More informationCaterpillar Global Mining. John T. Disharoon February 26, 2013
Caterpillar Global Mining John T. Disharoon February 26, 2013 Forward-Looking Statement Certain statements in this presentation relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements
More informationChina: growth, urbanisation and mineral resource demand
: growth, urbanisation and mineral resource demand Jin Liu and Tony McDonald 1 Over recent decades, has experienced rapid economic growth and a related sharp increase in its rate of urbanisation. The speed
More informationHow Trade Liberalization Can Benefit the Environment (or The Fallacy of Food Miles )
How Trade Liberalization Can Benefit the Environment (or The Fallacy of Food Miles ) Robert L. Thompson Gardner Endowed Chair in Agricultural Policy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 12 May 2008
More informationA Glossary of Macroeconomics Terms
A Glossary of Macroeconomics Terms -A- Absolute Advantage A comparison of input requirements between two regions or countries where one country can produce a given level of output with less input relative
More information7. ( ) Traditional Chinese agriculture was characterized by high land intensity high labor intensity high capital intensity a high export ratio
Modern China Economics Midterm Examination 2012/4/20 I. Multiple Choice Questions. Choose the most appropriate answer to each question. All questions refer to China unless mentioned otherwise. Answer all
More informationGlobal Economic Prospects Realizing the Development Promise of the Doha Agenda
Global Economic Prospects 2004 Realizing the Development Promise of the Doha Agenda Philip English World Bank August 25, 2003 GEP 2004 Contents Economic Outlook Preparations for Cancun Agricultural trade
More informationAGS Economics Michigan High School Content Expectations for Economics
AGS 2005 Correlated to Michigan High School Content Expectations for 5910 Rice Creek Pkwy, Suite 1000 Shoreview, MN 55126 Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliate(s). All rights reserved.
More informationDownstream Polymers Industry Outlook
Downstream Polymers Industry Outlook Presentation at Textiles and Plastics Investors Conclave Surat, India 02 September 2018 Sanjay Sharma Vice President, IHS Markit Chemical Consulting Middle East and
More informationIntermediate Macroeconomic Theory, 01/07/2003. A Glossary of Macroeconomics Terms
A Glossary of Macroeconomics Terms The Digital Economist -A- Absolute Advantage A comparison of input requirements between two regions or countries where one country can produce a given level of output
More informationCoherent and integrated Implementation of the SDGs/Agenda 2063
Coherent and integrated Implementation of the SDGs/Agenda 2063 BARTHOLOMEW ARMAH PHD CHIEF, RENEWAL OF PLANNING MACROECONOMIC POLICY DIVISION ECA Coherence at the level of plan design Coherence at the
More informationPTT Polymer Marketing Company Limited Polyethylene Market in China
PTT Polymer Marketing Company Limited Polyethylene Market in China Analyst Meeting: Knowledge Sharing Session February 20, 2015 Europe Economic QE US QE Exit Interest Ukraine Russia Sanctioned Oil Price
More informationKYOTO, COPENHAGEN AND BEYOND
BAHRAIN INITIATIVES 2nd Global Environment Conference & Exhibition Al Areen, 7 December 2009 KYOTO, COPENHAGEN AND BEYOND The Likely Impact of Response Measures on Petroleum-Producing Countries By Ali
More informationVictor Zhou, International Copper Association. Copper Production, Flow and Usage in Southeast Asia Current and Future
Victor Zhou, International Copper Association Copper Production, Flow and Usage in Southeast Asia Current and Future Content Macroeconomic Overview Copper Production & Flow from Concentrate to Semis Copper
More informationStrategic Resourcing : Competitive People Advantage for Banks in
Strategic Resourcing : Competitive People Advantage for Banks in Changing Paradigms Viruli de Silva Former Director Studies, Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka Introduction : After five years of recovery
More informationImpact of WTO Accession on China's Agriculture, Rural Development and on Farmers
Impact of WTO Accession on China's Agriculture, Rural Development and on Farmers Li Xiande Professor Institute of Agricultural Economics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences May 16, 2006, World Bank
More informationGlobal dimensions of sustainable growth in Europe
Final conference of the petre project 15-16 July 2009, King s College, London Global dimensions of sustainable growth in Europe Stefan Giljum, Martin Bruckner, Christine Polzin (SERI) Christian Lutz, Kirsten
More information20% 5-6% 11% SWEDEN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES FOR INDONESIA. 203 Bio USD
20% (Manufacturing contribution to Indonesia s total GDP 2017) 5-6% (CAGR of manufacturing sector between 2014-2017) 7% (Manufacturing export growth 2014-2017) 11% SWEDEN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES FOR
More informationThe Future of the Chinese Steel Industry
The Future of the Chinese Steel Industry Century Iron Ore Conference October 9, 2013 Toronto, Ontario 1 The Future of the Chinese Steel Industry Delin Huang Deputy General Manager, WISCO Senior engineer
More informationHow can global human development and environmental sustainability be aligned? Heinz Schandl NATSEM Seminar Series, 11 August 2015
How can global human development and environmental sustainability be aligned? Heinz Schandl NATSEM Seminar Series, 11 August 2015 The global challenge 3 billion additional middle class consumers by 2030
More informationPromoting EPC Mechanism and Strengthening Energy Conservation Cooperation in Northeast Asia
Promoting EPC Mechanism and Strengthening Energy Conservation Cooperation in Northeast Asia Shen Longhai Senior Adviser National Development and Reform Commission Energy Research Institute Director, EMCA
More informationPromoting Energy Efficiency in China: The Status Quo and Way Forward
Promoting Energy Efficiency in China: The Status Quo and Way Forward Xianli Zhu Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency Copenhagen, 14 June 2016 C2E2 and DIIS Joint Seminar: Improving EE in Emerging Asia
More informationCase Study: Asia. LI: To understand management strategies used in Asia
Case Study: Asia LI: To understand management strategies used in Asia 2 4 1 5 Warm up Identify the cities labelled one to five. 3 Fast facts: china Officially People s Republic of China World s largest
More informationChapter 7 Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Chapter 7 Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions In the coming decades, actions to limit greenhouse gas emissions could affect patterns of energy use around the world and alter the level and composition
More informationU.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Changing Oil Prices
U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Changing Oil Prices James K. Jackson Specialist in International Trade and Finance 16, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS22204 Summary Imported
More informationOutlook of China s Oil Demand for 2020
Northeast Asia Petroleum Forum 2009 Outlook of China s Oil Demand for 2020 Xu Yongfa CNPC Research Institute of Economics and Technology October 2009 Tokyo Japan Outline Problem of China s oil demand is
More informationSECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): TRANSPORT, AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY. 1. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities
Anhui Intermodal Sustainable Transport Project (RRP PRC 45021-002) SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): TRANSPORT, AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 1. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities
More informationAfrica is rebounding from the global economic crisis UN Report
Africa is rebounding from the global economic crisis UN Report Investments in infrastructure, agricultural productivity growth and foreign investment underpinned strong domestic demand Addis Ababa, 18
More informationUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 9 th MULTI-YEAR EXPERT MEETING ON COMMODITIES AND DEVELOPMENT 12-13 October 2017, Geneva Do changes in trade policy affect commodity prices? The case
More informationADLI and Future Directions for Industrial Development. Kenichi Ohno (GRIPS) June 2009
ADLI and Future Directions for Industrial Development Kenichi Ohno (GRIPS) June 2009 Agricultural Development Led Industrialization Ethiopia s ADLI (my definition): The development strategy that aims to
More informationSOUTH AFRICA ITALY SUMMIT 014
SOUTH AFRICA ITALY SUMMIT 014 SOUTH AFRICA AND ITALY RELATIONS IN THE CURRENT GEOPOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SCENARIO PROFESSOR MTHULI NCUBE BLAVATNIK SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD OCTOBER 2, 2014
More informationUniversity of Johannesburg
University of Johannesburg New Structural Economics: A Framework for Rethinking Development Justin Yifu Lin Chief Economist and Senior Vice President the World Bank March 16, 2011 1 Overview of Presentation
More informationHydro - a resource rich and fully integrated aluminium company
Hydro - a resource rich and fully integrated aluminium company Jørgen C. Arentz Rostrup, Executive Vice President and CFO September 28, 2010 (1) Cautionary note in relation to certain forward-looking statements
More informationAccess, Development and Climate Change: Where does the rubber meet the road?
Access, Development and Climate Change: Where does the rubber meet the road? Columbia Global Energy Program Columbia University, New York City February 8, 2018 Philippe Benoit Managing Director Energy
More informationBy Gorkem Bolaca Director
International Steel Trading In The Light Of Global Economic Facts HONG KONG, NOVEMBER 2012 By Gorkem Bolaca Director AGENDA Economic Growth and International Trade China Turkey The Future Dynamics of the
More informationM10/3/ECONO/HP3/ENG/TZ0/XX ECONOMICS PAPER 3. Thursday 20 May 2010 (morning) 2 hours
22105107 ECONOMICS Higher level PAPER 3 Thursday 20 May 2010 (morning) 2 hours INSTRUCTIONS to candidates Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Answer three questions. Use fully
More informationQuestion Number 1(a) Knowledge/understanding 1, Application 3
Answer 1(a) Knowledge/understanding 1, Application 3 Knowledge/understanding: 1 mark for formula current output x 100 (1) maximum possible output Application: up to 3 marks Current output = 69,300 (1)
More informationLOCATION LOCATION. Economic Geography: Industries, Services and Development. World Economic Activity ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 4/30/2015
GEOG 247 World Economic Activity Economic Geography: Industries, Services and Development Prof. Anthony Grande Hunter College CUNY AFG 2015 2 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY LOCATION LOCATION LOCATION ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
More informationThe aluminium value chain - Upstream drivers and challenges
The aluminium value chain - Upstream drivers and challenges Kathrine Fog, SVP Corporate Strategy & Analysis Hydro Metal Bulletin Conference, Singapore, October 2015 (1) Cautionary note Certain statements
More informationA GREEN ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ECUADOR. Sustainable Development in China Tongji University Fall 2014 Student: Luis Reinoso
A GREEN ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ECUADOR Sustainable Development in China Tongji University Fall 2014 Student: Luis Reinoso Official name: Republic of Ecuador Area: 256.370 km 2 Form of government:
More informationEconomic Dynamics and Integration in Eastern Europe and Asia
Economic Dynamics and Integration in Eastern Europe and Asia Nan Yu Prof. Dr. Paul Welfens Chair for Macroeconomic Theory and Politics, University of Wuppertal Jean Monnet Chair for European Economic Integration
More informationFuture Scenarios for China s Carbon Emissions
Future Scenarios for China s Carbon Emissions Jim Watson and Tao Wang Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 7 th July 2008 Overview 1 Energy and emissions trends in China 2 Who owns China s
More informationArchimedean Upper Conservatory Economics, October 2016
Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The point on a business cycle when real gross domestic product stops rising and begins falling is a(n):
More informationAnalysis on Factors to Cause the Price Change of Building Materials
Advanced Materials Research Online: 2013-04-24 ISSN: 1662-8985, Vol. 683, pp 668-671 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.668 2013 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Analysis on Factors to Cause the
More informationBusiness. Management 113. Complete
Business Management 113 Complete 1 CHAPTER 1:Business Environment BUSINESS: A DEFINITION BUSINESS: The organised effort of individuals to produce and sell, for a profit, the goods and services that satisfy
More informationResearch Horizons in China
Research Horizons in China David Roland-Holst Seminar in Environmental and Resource Economics and Policy ARE, UC Berkeley 24 September 2002 Outline Introduction Resources Agriculture Other Rural Sector
More informationTan Suan Phon Managing Director Inchcape China
Tan Suan Phon Managing Director Inchcape China Market Overview Population 1.34bn Language Mandarin Currency Chinese yuan (renminbi RMB) ( ) Capital City Beijing GDP US 5.9 trillion Source: IMF Since the
More informationRailroads - The Economy and Trade National Coal Transportation Association Denver, Colorado September 19, 2017
Railroads - The Economy and Trade 2017 National Coal Transportation Association Denver, Colorado September 19, 2017 Railroads and the Economy 2017 SLIDE 2 Coal: 365,806 (14.1%) Railroads Help Keep Coal-
More informationWorld Grain Marketing: Why the location of population & economic growth is crucial for long-term planning
World Grain Marketing: Why the location of population & economic growth is crucial for long-term planning 20 th Annual Fields on Wheels Conference Chris Ferris Senior Grains Analyst, Canada www.twitter.com/chrisferris3
More informationPremier Wen: China has confidence to ensure fast, sound economic growth
Textile and Apparel Weekly September 28, 2008 EXTRACT Content: Premier Wen: China has confidence to ensure fast, sound economic growth China's economy in good shape despite global financial chaos Producers'
More informationAdhering to the Basic State Policy of Conserving Resources and the Environment and Enhancing the Capacity of Sustainable Development
Adhering to the Basic State Policy of Conserving Resources and the Environment and Enhancing the Capacity of Sustainable Development An Introduction to China s Environmental Protection and Sustainable
More informationSustainable Development and Public Administration
Sustainable Development and Public Administration David O Connor Policy Integration and Analysis Branch Division for Sustainable Development UN-DESA 7th Session of the UN Committee of Experts on Public
More informationOECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction
OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction Simon Upton Environment Director, OECD New York, 21 March 2012 2 Energy efficiency Linking economy and environment Fuel prices Yield efficiency
More informationHydro takes over Vale s aluminium business in transforming transaction
Hydro takes over Vale s aluminium business in transforming transaction Svein Richard Brandtzæg, President and CEO Bank of America Merrill Lynch Global Metals & Mining Conference May 12, 2010 (1) Cautionary
More informationOntario s Climate Act From Plan to Progress
Ontario s Climate Act From Plan to Progress Annual Greenhouse Gas Progress Report 2017 SUMMARY Download the full report at: eco.on.ca/reports/2017-from-plan-to-progress It s complicated, but Ontario is
More informationSECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY
Country Partnership Strategy: People s Republic of China, 2016 2020 SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY Sector Road Map A. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. Reduction in energy intensity.
More informationUrbanization & Structural Change: An Exploratory Note
Urbanization & Structural Change: An Exploratory Note Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka Director Monitoring and Research Division, UN- Habitat Presentation at the UNU-MERIT, Maastricht November 28, 2014 1 2 Outline
More information