Special Seminar on Food Security: Focusing on Water management and Sustainable Agriculture
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1 Special Seminar on Food Security: Focusing on Water management and Sustainable Agriculture Kyi Myint Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation
2 Location Latitude N Longitude E Country Profile Topography Altitudes: m Forest clad mountain, plateaus, valleys and plain Climate Tropical and Sub-tropical Three distinct seasons ( Rainy, cold and summer) Rainfall- Coastal and Hilly regions mm - Central plain mm The mean maximum temperature- from 31 to 42 C The mean minimum temperature- from 0.3 to 13.4 C Population 59.78million with 1.1% growth ( ) 70% of population in rural area 65 % of labour force engaged in agricultural sector
3 Agriculture (including Livestock, Fisheries & Forestry) 36.5% Mining 0.7 % Manufacturing 19.5 % Power 0.2 % Construction 4.5 % Transportation, Communication 17.8 % Other Services 1.0 % Trade 19.8 %
4 Categories Million Ha Net Sown Area Fallow land 0.23 Cultivable Waste land 5.40 Reserved Forests Other forests Other Total 67.66
5 GDP in (at constant price) ( Kyats in billion) 1. Goods Agriculture Livestock & Fishery Forestry Services Trade GDP
6 Objectives in the agricultural development To utilize good quality and high yielding hybrid varieties in production of major crops including rice, sunflower To extend land development activities for mechanized farming To strengthen the capability of existing irrigation facilities such as weirs, dams, embankments and eletric river pumping systems To build tidal protection embankments in coastal areas To undertake research, extension and training activities To support farmers with agricultural loan schemes
7 Creating profitable and sustainable market for farmers Development of seed industries for good quality seeds adaptable to regions and with competition in markets Adoption of Good Agricultural Practices Application of agricultural inputs such as irrigation water, chemical and natural fertilizers efficiently and timely Establishment of agro based industry for value added of farm produce Reduction of transactional costs along the supply chain
8 (1) Seed Production (2) Training and Education (3) Research and Development
9 Irrigation Network Year Net Sown areas (million ha) Irrigated areas (million ha) Percent
10 Irrigation / Dam Project Number Beneficial Area (Acre) Before ,752 ha. After 1988 projects (up to end March 2012) 235 1,193,142 ha. Pumping Projects Number Beneficial Area (Acre) Pumping irrigation from rivers ,095 ha. Electric-pumping ,132 ha. Diesel-pumping ,963 ha. Underground water for agriculture ,711 ha. Deep Tubewells 5245 Shallow Tubewells 3067
11 Important Issue for sustainable agriculture in terms of water management - Aging structures are needed to rehabilitate and improve for good functioning. - Some projects have not yet been completed irrigation Network system. - Weak of farmers participation in on farm level Water management conjunction with appropriate knowledge related to the proper irrigation and drainage system. - Weak of water user association (WUA)
12 Cropping intensity Year Net Sown areas (Million ha) Total Sown areas (Million ha) Cropping intensity (%)
13 Major food crops in Myanmar( ) Sr.No. Categories Sown areas ( 000 ha) Production ( 000 mt) Sown areas (%) 1 Cereals 8,778 34, Oil seeds crops 3,814 3, Pulses 4,501 5, Culinary crops 346 2, Vegetables Others 5, TOTAL 23,
14
15 Numbers of livestocks ( figures) Buffalo Cattle Sheep & goats Pigs Chicken Ducks Other fowls 2.98 million Nos million Nos. 4.08million Nos million Nos million Nos million Nos million Nos. Productions Meat 1.98 million mt (self sufficiency 103 %) Eggs 7828 million Nos (self sufficiency 103 %) Fresh milk 1.60 million mt (self sufficiency 100 %) Fish 4.14 million mt (self sufficiency 259 %)
16 Self sufficiency status of major food items in Myanmar Sr. No. Crop Sown area (000 ha) Production (000 mt) Utilization (000 mt) Surplus (000 mt) Self sufficiency (%) 1 Paddy 8,047 32,579 19,636 12,943 (6.203 mmt milled rice equivalent) Oil crops 3, (Oil ) (Oil) (Oil) 3 Pulses 4,501 5,792 1,064 4, Culinary crops 273 2,
17 Name of crops Rice & rice products Pulses (peas and beans) Maize 536,000 MT 829, 000 MT 45,000 MT
18 Myanmar accomplished surplus production of food. But due to the geographical differences, there are pockets of food deficit areas. The regional demand and supply analysis indicates the rice deficit areas in some parts of Central Dry Zone and Chin State. 18
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