Greater Value. Good Move.

Transcription

1 Greater Value. Good Move. Choose a Higher Forage Standard at a Practical Price Forage First Seed Guide Edition 8

2 Table of Contents About Forage First...3 Stay Connected...4 CrosseCoat TM...5 Alfalfa...7 Forage First Mixes...13 Clover & Other Legumes...19 Forage First Product Chart...21 Forage Grasses...23 Summer Select TM Summer Annuals Brier Ridge Food Plot Seed

3 Soil First Cover Crops Native Grasses & Wildflowers Inoculants...40 Sweet Corn...40 Earth Carpet Turf Mixes Planting Chart foragefirst.com 2 2

4 La Crosse Seed is looking for growers to test new forage varieties in the field. Contact us to learn more. THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE About Forage First Greater Value. Good Move. Yield and quality matter. But there s more. Our goal is to provide a higher standard of forage to maximize ROI while keeping your wallet in mind. We take pride in delivering proven products that increase the bottom line at a good price. Always Innovating As a forage leader for over 70 years, we ve always worked hard to improve. Continual research and development of new varieties ensures the right balance of protein and feed quality, recovery and grazability to suit each animal and operation. Every top-performing variety is tested in many trials before being put to use. From the latest genetics to new treatments and technologies, we have you covered. Forage with More Profit Potential Walk into a field planted with Forage First forage seed and you ll instantly notice lush, productive fields. That means healthy gains for your animals and land that lives up to its potential. Maximum Flexibility We provide a diverse selection of products for producing high quality forage for your livestock and dairy operation. Our versatile portfolio offers a variety of proven products to fit each unique operation and was created with flexibility and ease of management in mind. XL BRAND The XL symbol throughout the guide represents branded products that match the Forage First promise. 3

5 Stay Connected One of the goals at La Crosse Seed is to provide our customers with relevant and helpful information on a regular basis. Currently, La Crosse Seed sends regular newsletters that communicate relevant topics. The newsletters we send out are listed to the right. info@laxseed.com to SIGN UP TODAY! Newsletter The Corner Post The Dirt In The Crosshairs The Blade Focus Forage Cover Crops Wildlife Turf Placing an Order Has Never Been Easier: Our Customer Support Center is your link to our team of Sales Support Specialists (SSS). They are ready and willing to support you in any way they can. Specifically, our team can answer any questions you may have about orders, shipping, invoicing or marketing support. Phone: Call to talk with a Sales Support Specialist SEED Send your orders to orders@laxseed.com and our team will confirm it with you before shipping. Mobile App: Our new Seeding Success App can be downloaded on ios and Android devices from the App Store or Google Play. General questions can also be sent to info@laxseed.com Introducing the new LA CROSSE SEED MOBILE APP Seed and Science at at Your Y our Fingertips tips Gain Gain access access to to management management guides guides & detailed detailed product product data data No No internet internet connection connection necessary necessary after after download download Place Place orders orders from from your your mobile mobile device device Downloaded Downloaded on on ios ios and and Android Android devices devices from from the the App App Store Store or or Google Google Play. Play. Just Just search search "La "La Crosse Crosse Seed" Seed" foragefirst.com 4

6 Premium Seed Coating + Quality Seed = Best Possible Seedling Establishment We are proud to introduce CrosseCoat, an elite platform of proven seed coating and treatments to enhance germination, establishment and survival of the top varietals, blends and mixes offered within the Forage First portfolio. CrosseCoat Coating Details* CrosseCoat (XC1 Options) Coating Coating Code % / Color Inoculant Fungicide FF 4215.HVX RR XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Stamina + Apron XL FF 42.A2 Alfalfa XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Stamina + Apron XL FF 42.LH Alfalfa XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Stamina + Apron XL FF 4319.A2 RR Alfalfa XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Stamina + Apron XL FF Premium Alfalfa XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Allegiance-FL or Apron XL FF Pro Alfalfa XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Allegiance-FL or Apron XL FF 9615 Red Clover XC1-CPF 34% Nitragin Gold Allegiance-FL Red Carpet XL Red Clover XC1-CP 34% Nitragin Gold Duration Red Clover XC1-CP 34% Nitragin Gold Orion XL Ladino Clover XC1-CP 34% Nitragin Gold Radium XL Alsike Clover XC1-CP 34% N-Dure Lotus XL Birdsfoot Trefoil XC1-CP 34% N-Dure Additional Treatments 5 CrosseCoat TM Benefits Include: Improves seeding distribution Improves seed-to-soil contact Improves water intake Protects against fungal attacks Enhances nutrient uptake Enhances nodulation to provide superior nitrogen fixation CROSSECOAT TM Forage First species that will include CrosseCoat are denoted throughout this guide with the CrosseCoat symbol. Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass XC1-CTD 34% Hydroloc Dawn XL Orchardgrass XC1-CTD 34% Hydroloc Haymate XL Orchardgrass XC1-CTD 34% Hydroloc Defiant XL Reed Canarygrass XC1-CTD 34% VARIES Reprieve XL Teff Grass XC1-CTD 50% Additional Coated Products We Offer Medium Red Clover CP 34% Yes Crusade White Clover CP 34% Yes Frosty Berseem Clover CP 34% Yes Common Orchardgrass CTD 34% Common Smooth Bromegrass CTD 34% WL Alfalfas - HVX/RR CPF 34% Yes Stamina + Apron XL Gold Treatment Plus WL Alfalfas - Other CPF 34% Yes Stamina + Apron XL Gold Treatment Plus FSG Alfalfas - HVX/RR CPF 34% Yes Allegiance-FL AquaBond with Nutri-Start FSG Alfalfas - Other CPF 34% Yes Allegiance-FL *Coatings are comprised of calcium carbonate, commonly described as lime Descriptions Hydroloc Branded name for XC1 hydration component. Natural, mineral-based material. Absorbs 3x more water than regular limestone coating. Nitragin Gold Nitrogen-fixing inoculant for alfalfa and clover promotes seed adhesion & maximum yield; Apron XL/Allegiance FL compatible Stamina Fungicide seed treatment providing robust disease control & more rapid/increased emergence under certain cold conditions Apron XL Seed treatment product for protection against Pythium and Phytophthora causing damping-off, seed rot, and systemic downy mildew diseases of certain crops Allegiance-FL Seed treatment chemical for control of seed rot and damping-off diseases of certain crops AquaBond with Nutri-Start (FSG) Gold Treatment Plus Plant/environment-friendly seed treatment combining water absorbing polymer & micro-nutrient fertilizer package for improved germination & emergence W-L s Gold Treatment Plus features 34% coating with Optimize Gold LCO Promoter, Stamina fungicide, Nitragin Gold inoculant, Apron XL fungicide and a micro-nutrient package (Mo/Mn) Coating Abbreviations (as noted on La Crosse Seed pricelist and seed tags)* CTD Coated Only CPF Coated, Pre-Inoculated, and Fungicide CP Coated, Pre-Inoculated PI Pre-Inoculated, no Coating or Fungicide 34% COATED SEED RECOMMENDED SEED RATES Coated seed items or mixes with coated seed have same recommended seeding rates as they would if non-coated *Lot number abbreviations may differ from above. Refer to tag for specific seed treatments.

7 Greater Performance. Good Move. Choose a Higher Alfalfa Standard at a Practical Price FF 4215.HVX RR FF 4319.A2 RR FF 42.A2 FF 42.LH FF PRO FF PREMIUM As a forage leader for over 70 years, we ve always worked hard to improve. From the latest genetics to new treatments and technologies, we have you covered. WITH foragefirst.com 6

8 Featured Alfalfa We ve been buying seed from La Crosse Seed for 25 years. This year we ve added Forage First alfalfa to our product line. The product performance always meets our high expectations and my growers seem very satisfied. Greg G., Eastern Wisconsin GENERAL ALFALFA CHARACTERISTICS Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance FAST VARIES FF 42.A2 Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Highly resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Perfect disease resistance package Top forage yielder in trials Excellent winter survival and persistence Suitable for heavy and wet soils Fast recovery after cutting DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 HR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt HR Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.9 Total DRI 35/35 ASK US ABOUT OUR EXCITING ALFALFA PROMOTIONS! CROSSECOAT TM PLANTING TIMES March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 8-10 Emergence (days) 7 ROTATIONAL GRAZING Potential bloat hazard. Caution when using for grazing. HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut early bloom (1/4 bloom); last cutting should be 3-4 weeks before the first killing frost FF 42.A2 Alfalfa Multi-Year Head-to-Head Aph 2 Forage Quality Comparisons (Milk Per Ton) Aph 2 Alfalfa A Aph 2 Alfalfa B FF 42.A2 Alfalfa Boone, IA Mount Joy, IA West Salem, WI 7

9 Alfalfa *Genuity: Understanding the Barriers to Trial of Roundup Ready Alfalfa, August 2013 FF 4319.A2 RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Combines Roundup Ready technology with higher resistance to Aphanomyces Race 2 Unique wet soil disease resistance package promotes better stand establishment, persistence and forage yield Delivers long stand life under adverse weather and soil conditions FF 42.LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 High-yielding, leafhopper resistant alfalfa Dramatic improvements in agronomic performance, forage yield and feed quality under leafhopper pressure Highly resistant to stem nematode DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 HR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt HR DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper HR Fusarium Wilt HR Fall Dormancy 4.3 Winter Survival 1.9 Total DRI 35/35 CROSSECOAT TM Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.9 Total DRI 30/30 CROSSECOAT TM FF PREMIUM Brand Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Perfect choice for growers seeking a moderately-priced alfalfa High disease resistance Widely adapted FF PRO Brand Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 For the economy-minded grower Designed for sustainable management programs Specifically blended for local adaptation DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose R Pea Aphid NR Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt R DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 R Verticillium Wilt R Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose R Pea Aphid NR Bacterial Wilt R Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt R Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 28/30 CROSSECOAT TM Fall Dormancy 3.0 Winter Survival 2.4 Total DRI 25/30 CROSSECOAT TM Resistance Ratings: HR = Highly Resistant, 51% or more resistant plants MR = Moderately Resistant, 15-30% resistant plants S = Susceptible, 0-5% resistant plants R = Resistant, 31-50% resistant plants LR = Low Resistance, 6-14% resistant plants NR = Not Rated foragefirst.com 8

10 REINVENTING ALFALFA THAT GIVES FARMERS OPTIONS - NOT LIMITS Yield or quality? With HarvXtra TM alfalfa, you can have both. HarvXtra TM technology provides a more flexible cutting schedule. GREATER FLEXIBILITY Wider cutting windows mean improved quality or greater yield potential, compared to conventional alfalfa at the same stage of maturity. HarvXtra TM alfalfa is stacked with Roundup Ready technology, delivering increased yield potential with faster stand establishment and less competition from weeds or traditional cover crops. UNMATCHED YIELD POTENTIAL Multi year University of Wisconsin trials of conventional alfalfa have demonstrated a percent forage yield advantage for three-cut versus four-cut management systems, at the expense of lower quality. HarvXtra TM alfalfa lets growers delay harvest for 7-10 days to increase tonnage without making that forage quality sacrifice. Fewer cuttings also have the added benefits of less stress on alfalfa stands and reduced harvest costs. FORAGE QUALITY LIKE NO OTHER By reducing the amount of lignin in the plant, HarvXtra TM technology fundamentally changes the relationship between forage quality and stage of maturity. Less acid detergent lignin (ADL) and higher neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) can command a higher price. ADVANCED BEYOND CONVENTIONAL BREEDING Genetically enhanced HarvXtra TM technology improves alfalfa beyond what is possible through conventional breeding techniques. Gene suppression rewires the way alfalfa plants make lignin. This changes both the lignin content and its composition, while maintaining the high quality characteristics that matter most. 9 9

11 Alfalfa Introducing our NEW Forage First HarvXtra FF 4215.HVX RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Better manage the yield-versusquality trade-off Provides unprecedented flexibility by widening cutting windows Averages 12-15% less lignin and 12-15% higher neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) Perfect Disease Resistance Index and very winter-hardy Superb yield potential and agronomic characteristics to maximize feed value Fast recovery for frequent harvest schedules under intense management DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt HR Stem Nematode R Fall Dormancy 4.2 Winter Survival 1.5 Total DRI 30/30 CROSSECOAT TM WL 375HVX.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 WL 341HVX.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 HR Anthracnose HR Aphanomyces Race 3 HR Bacterial Wilt HR Pea Aphid R Fusarium Wilt HR Stem Nematode HR Fall Dormancy 4.6 Winter Survival 2.1 Total DRI 40/40 DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt HR Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.1 Total DRI 30/30 FSG 440HVX.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL Phytophthora Root Rot HR Aphanomyces Race 1 HR Verticillium Wilt HR Aphanomyces Race 2 NR Anthracnose HR Pea Aphid R Bacterial Wilt HR Potato Leafhopper NR Fusarium Wilt HR Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 30/30 Resistance Ratings: HR = Highly Resistant, 51% or more resistant plants MR = Moderately Resistant, 15-30% resistant plants S = Susceptible, 0-5% resistant plants R = Resistant, 31-50% resistant plants LR = Low Resistance, 6-14% resistant plants NR = Not Rated foragefirst.com 10

12 Other Alfalfa Products FSG 408DP Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 FSG 415BR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 FSG 423ST Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 WL 354HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 WL 365HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 FSG 420LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 WL 358LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Dual purpose alfalfa hay or graze Wide, deep-set crowns Stands up to wheel traffic pressure High yield potential Superior winter hardiness and persistence Branch rooting system Aphanomyces Race 2 resistance Adapted to variable soil conditions Stands up to wheel traffic pressure High yield and quality potential Higher forage production under saline soil conditions Fine stemmed with superior forage quality Excellent persistence and winter hardiness High resistance to stem and northern root-knot nematodes Highly resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Excellent feed value and superior digestibility Big yields across a wide range of soil types Fast recovery after cutting encourages intensive harvest management Replaces WL 363HQ Very high yield potential; W-L s highest yielding conventional variety released-to-date Outstanding winter hardiness High levels of forage quality make it ideal for cash hay or dairy operations Very high resistance to potato leafhoppers Excellent yield potential Great forage quality Perfect 30/30 DRI rating Widely adapted versatile alfalfa variety Very fast recovery after cutting Replaces WL 353LH 8th generation potato leafhopper resistant variety that is a true no-spray alfalfa; over 90% leafhopper control with HopperShield protection Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 28/30 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 34/35 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 28/30 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 35/35 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30 FSG 430LH.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 WL 359LH.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Highly resistant to potato leafhoppers Great forage yield potential Superior forage quality High multifoliate leaf expression Excellent winter hardiness and persistence 8th generation potato leafhopper HopperShield resistant stack with Roundup Ready Superb yielding fall dormancy coupled with excellent winter hardiness Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30 Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30 WL 356HQ.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Outstanding yield and quality combination with unbeatable disease tolerance The highest Aphanomyces Root Rot Race 1 & 2 resistance in a Roundup Ready variety available Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 35/35 WL 372HQ.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 For aggressive and intensive managers Unbeatable recovery after cutting with superb HQ TM forage quality package Highly resistant to stem nematode Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Total DRI - 30/30

13 Alfalfa Characteristics Alfalfa FEATURED ROUNDUP READY HARVXTRA TM Product Fall Dormancy Winter Survival Phytophthora Verticillium Wilt Anthracnose FF 42.A HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 FF 42.LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 FF Premium HR HR R HR R HR NR NR NR 28/30 FF Pro HR R R R R R NR NR NR 25/30 FSG 408DP HR R HR HR HR R NR R NR 28/30 FSG 415BR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR NR 34/35 FSG 420LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 FSG 423ST HR HR R HR HR R NR R NR 28/30 WL 354HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 WL 358LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 WL 365HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 FF 4319.A2 RR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 FSG 430LH.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 WL 356HQ.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 WL 359LH.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 WL 372HQ.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 FF 4215.HVX RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 FSG 440HVX.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 WL 375HVX.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR* R NR 40/40 WL 341HVX.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 Resistance Ratings: * Also Resistant to Aphanomyces Race 3, reflected in Total DRI. HR = Highly Resistant, 51% or more resistant plants MR = Moderately Resistant, 15-30% resistant plants S = Susceptible, 0-5% resistant plants R = Resistant, 31-50% resistant plants LR = Low Resistance, 6-14% resistant plants NR = Not Rated Roundup Ready Alfalfa Geographical Limitations - Due to the unique cropping practices do not plant Roundup Ready Alfalfa in Imperial County, California, pending import approvals and until Forage Genetics International, LLC (FGI) grants express permission for such planting. HarvXtra Alfalfa Geographical Limitations - In the following states, purchase and use of HarvXtra Alfalfa with Roundup Ready Technology is subject to a Seed and Feed Use Agreement, requiring that products of this technology can only be used on farm or otherwise be used in the United States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington and Wyoming. In addition, due to the unique cropping practices do not plant HarvXtra Alfalfa with Roundup Ready Technology in Imperial County, California, pending import approval and until Forage Genetics International, LLC (FGI) grants express permission for such planting. Roundup Ready Alfalfa Marketing Statement - Forage Genetics International, LLC ( FGI ) is a member of Excellence Through Stewardship (ETS). FGI products are commercialized in accordance with ETS Product Launch Stewardship Guidance, and in compliance with FGI s Policy for Commercialization of Biotechnology-Derived Plant Products in Commodity Crops. As of June 2017, Roundup Ready Alfalfa has pending import approvals. Any crop or material produced from this product can only be exported to, or used, processed or sold in countries where all necessary regulatory approvals have been granted. It is a violation of national and international law to move material containing biotech traits across boundaries into nations where import is not permitted. Growers should talk to their grain handler or product purchaser to confirm their buying position for this product. Growers should refer to for any updated information on import country approvals. Excellence Through Stewardship is a registered trademark of Biotechnology Industry Organization. HarvXtra Alfalfa Roundup Ready Technology Marketing Statement - Forage Genetics International, LLC ( FGI ) is a member of Excellence Through Stewardship (ETS). FGI products are commercialized in accordance with ETS Product Launch Stewardship Guidance, and in compliance with FGI s Policy for Commercialization of Biotechnology-Derived Plant Products in Commodity Crops. As of June 2017, HarvXtra Alfalfa with Roundup Ready Technology has pending import approvals. GROWERS MUST DIRECT ANY PRODUCT PRODUCED FROM HARVXTRA ALFALFA WITH ROUNDUP READY TECHNOLOGY SEED OR CROPS (INCLUDING HAY AND HAY PRODUCTS) ONLY TO UNITED STATES DOMESTIC USE. Any crop or material produced from this product can only be exported to, or used, processed or sold in countries where all necessary regulatory approvals have been granted. It is a violation of national and international law to move material containing biotech traits across boundaries into nations where import is not permitted. Growers should talk to their grain handler or product purchaser to confirm their buying position for this product. Growers should refer to for any updated information on import country approvals. Excellence Through Stewardship is a registered trademark of Biotechnology Industry Organization. Trademark Statement -ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Roundup Ready crops contain genes that confer tolerance to glyphosate. Glyphosate herbicides will kill crops that are not tolerant to glyphosate. Roundup Ready is registered trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC, used under license by Forage Genetics International, LLC. HarvXtra is a registered trademark of Forage Genetics International, LLC. HarvXtra Alfalfa with Roundup Ready Technology is enabled with Technology from The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc Forage Genetics International, LLC Bacterial Wilt Fusarium Wilt Aphanomyces Race 1 Aphanomyces Race 2 Pea Aphid Potato Leafhopper Total DRI

14 Forage First Mixes VERSAGRASS Mix Excellent for waterways and terraces Excellent for ditches, banks and headlands Excellent companion for alfalfa and clovers Works great for permanent pastures Improved varieties for better forage Easier to establish than straight bromegrass Our agronomist recommends Forage First mixes for my award-winning dairy cows. Our farm switched to Forage First last year and couldn t be happier. Madeline M., Southwestern Wisconsin 2017 National Brown Swiss Alt. Ambassador -Ben A., Farm Manager, North Central Nebraska Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 25% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass 25% Top Tim XL Timothy 25% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 25% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass SPECIAL WATERWAY Mix Performs well in hay systems Big Ton XL smooth bromegrass provides better quality than common types Mixed with endophyte-free tall fescue, persistence of this mix retains quality for many years Handles a wide range of soil types Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 20% Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue 65% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass 15% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 13

15 All Grass Forage First Mixes BLM#4 Pasture Mix Very versatile mix that establishes quickly Endophyte-free tall fescue extends productivity into the hot, dry summer months Kentucky bluegrass provides sod-forming capability to help maintain a healthy stand GRASS MASTER Pasture Mix Endophyte-free tall fescue and orchardgrass perform well in less-than-ideal summer conditions Ryegrasses provide early forage production Good choice for grazing, green-chop or hay production Seeding Rate: lbs/acre Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 15% Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass 15% Top Tim XL Timothy 30% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 20% ColdSnap TM Annual Ryegrass 20% Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue 10% Fusion XL Festulolium 35% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 10% Diploid Perennial Ryegrass 35% Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue 10% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass MARE & FOAL Pasture Mix Contains no tall fescue Ability to be productive under rotational grazing High quality hay production Tolerance to heavy traffic Excellent regrowth JUMP START Pasture Mix Excellent for overseeding existing stands or short-rotation pastures Highly palatable Very responsive to fertilization Provides early spring and fall forage Maintains solid summer performance with adequate moisture Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 15% Fusion XL Festulolium 10% Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass 50% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 25% Top Tim XL Timothy Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 20% Tetrabana XL Italian Annual Ryegrass 30% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 30% Diploid Perennial Ryegrass 20% Fusion XL Festulolium 14

16 715 Forage Mix Suited for traditional hay production - also transitions well into increased management environments Red clover and timothy increase tolerance to wetland conditions Good winter hardiness allows 715 to move well both North and South in the Midwest Capable of providing both hay in the spring and grazing production in the summer and fall ALFALFA-BASED Forage Mix Especially suited for high quality forage environments Sound management will ensure this mix persists for 3-5 years Best adapted to well-drained soils in ph of 7.0 to 7.5, however clover will succeed in poorly-drained environments Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 15% Top Tim XL Timothy 15% Red Carpet XL Red Clover 70% FF 42.A2 Alfalfa Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 2% Orion XL Ladino Clover 50% FF 42.A2 Alfalfa 20% Top Tim XL Timothy 20% Red Carpet XL Red Clover 8% Radium XL Alsike Clover Seeding Rate: lbs/acre ALFALFA HAY & PASTURE Mix Components are present in the proper ratios to provide optimum pasture Premium quality components selected for regional adaptation and performance Maximum production per acre Produces high quality balanced hay Seeding Rate: lbs/acre ALL PURPOSE Pasture Mix Flexible solution for hay and long-term pasture Eight components spread out risk (4 legumes & 4 grasses) Suited for a wide range of soil types, but will respond to better soils, added irrigation and increased fertility Alfalfa variety in All Purpose is appropriate in both hay and grazing environments, matches up well with timothy and orchardgrass maturities Long lasting forage crop when seeded in ph range % Top Tim XL Timothy 5% Orion XL Ladino Clover 40% FF Premium Alfalfa 20% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 20% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 5% Orion XL Ladino Clover 22% FF Premium Alfalfa 20% Top Tim XL Timothy 15% Haymate XL 5% Tetrabana XL Italian Annual Ryegrass 8% Radium XL Alsike Clover 12% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass Orchardgrass 13% Red Carpet XL Red Clover

17 Grass & Legume Forage First Mixes BEEF PASTURE Mix Superior yield Excellent drought tolerance and winter hardiness High protein for maximum daily gain Strong persistence and regrowth that withstands grazing pressure CLOVER-BASED Forage Mix Formulated for wetter soils with a history of disease and fertility problems Use in soils with low ph (below 6.5) Provides strong nitrogen build up in soil Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 5% Top Tim XL Timothy 10% ColdSnap TM Annual Ryegrass 15% Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue 15% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass 35% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 20% FF Premium Alfalfa Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 2% Orion XL Ladino Clover 63% Red Carpet XL Red Clover 10% Radium XL Alsike Clover 25% Top Tim XL Timothy TRIPLE CROWN Pasture Mix Adapted for a wide geographic area Combination of grasses and legumes Excellent yields of high-energy feed Excellent for active horses RANGE MASTER Pasture Mix Grass-based mix works in all soil environments (north to south) Given timely fertilization, can provide high yield potentials Improved tolerance to heat and drought Performs best in areas of mild temperatures and increased rainfall/irrigation Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 15% Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass 10% Fusion XL Festulolium 35% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 20% Top Tim XL Timothy 20% FF Premium Alfalfa Seeding Rate: lbs/acre 9% Endo-Graze XL Perennial Ryegrass 5% Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass 30% Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue 27% Top Tim XL Timothy 15% Radium XL Alsike Clover 14% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 16

18 Cash Cow High Sugar Dairy Mix Dairy farmers rely on Cash Cow to boost milk production. Seeding Rate: 25 lbs/acre Package Size: 25 lbs 5% Frosty Berseem Clover 3% FIXatioN Balansa Clover 2% Ladino White Clover 50% Aber HSG Perennial Ryegrass 25% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate Ryegrass 15% N-R-GEE Alfalfa Beef Bank High Sugar Grass Beef Mix Beef Bank is an excellent mix of high-sugar grasses, legumes and other grasses formulated for cattle operations. Seeding Rate: 25 lbs/acre Package Size: 25 lbs 5% FIXatioN Balansa Clover 3% Medium Red Clover 2% Ladino White Clover 52% Aber HSG Perennial Ryegrass 26% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate Ryegrass 12% Quick Draw Orchardgrass Forage Sweet ner High Sugar Ryegrass Improve the quality of existing pastures with this high sugar grass mix for overseeding. Seeding Rate: lbs/acre Package Size: 50 lbs 67% Aber HSG Perennial Ryegrass 33% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate Ryegrass 17

19 Pea Mixes Sprint Maxx Sprint Maxx is a high value pea/oat mix consisting of 50% LC6040 Peas and 50% Haywire Oats. Sprint Maxx is an ideal forage to seed after winter wheat or sweet corn and is known to produce excellent volumes of quality forage in approximately 60 days making it ideal for quick forage production. Seeding Rate: lbs/acre As a Nurse Crop: lbs/acre Other Forage Mixes 50% Haywire Oats 50% LC6040 Forage Peas Tripper Maxx Tripper Maxx is a high value pea/triticale mix consisting of 50% LC6040 Peas and 50% Elevator Triticale. Tripper Maxx produces high quality forages for dairy and beef herds and is commonly used to esablish other forages such as alfalfa. Seeding Rate: lbs/acre As a Nurse Crop: lbs/acre 50% Elevator Fall Triticale 50% LC6040 Forage Peas SiloBuster Mixes: Pea/Oat Pea/Triticale Pea/Barley These mixes offer an elite combination of quality forage peas and forage oats/barley/triticale. These proprietary mixes are ideal as nurse crops or for straight forage. SiloBuster mixes can be planted in early spring to serve as a nurse crop or early fall to fulfill forage needs. Seeding Rate: lbs/acre As a Nurse Crop: lbs/acre Seeding Rate: lbs/acre As a Nurse Crop: lbs/acre 40% Calibre Forage Oats 60% LC6040 Forage Peas 40% Galaxy Fall Triticale 60% LC6040 Forage Peas Seeding Rate: lbs/acre As a Nurse Crop: lbs/acre 40% Top Ton Spring Barley 60% LC6040 Forage Peas foragefirst.com 18

20 Clover & Other Legumes 2015 CLOVER TRIAL - PSU ROCK SPRINGS PA DRY MATTER YIELD TONS/ACRE Variety Cut 1 28 May Cut 2 15 Jul Cut 3 Total Total Total 28 Aug Two Year FF 9615 RED FREEDOM RED DSV RED PPG-TR-102 WHITE DSV WHITE GA-178 WHITE CANTERBURY WHITE Our farm switched to Forage First last year and we couldn t be happier. Ben A., North Central Nebraska SSS-SH1 WHITE NFWC04-49 WHITE GRAND MEAN CV% LSD (.05) RED CLOVER CHARACTERISTICS Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance PLANTING TIMES FAST MED MED LOW MED MED LOW MED February - May August - October Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) 8-12 Mixes (lbs/acre) 6-8 MANAGEMENT Graze or cut for hay when the red clover is 1/4 to 1/2 inch bloom. A second cutting or successive grazings should occur when red clover is 1/4 in bloom. Leave at least 2 to 3 inches of growth after each harvest. OTHER CLOVER CHARACTERISTICS BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL CHARACTERISTICS Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance PLANTING TIMES INTERMEDIATE/ LADINO SLOW MED ALSIKE Establishment FAST FAST Persistence MED MED Drought Tolerance MED LOW LOW Winter Hardiness MED Palatability MED Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance MED PLANTING TIMES March - May August - October Life Cycle CLOVER SEEDING RATE PERENNIAL Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) March - May August - October Life Cycle PERENNIAL TREFOIL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) 8-10 Mixes (lbs/acre) 4-5

21 FEATURED Red Clover THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE Crown disease resistance has been a focal point of breeders of red clover for several years. La Crosse Seed is committed to offering varieties with improved disease resistance which leads to added performance and quality, as well as longer persistence (into a 3rd or even a 4th year). FF Year Red Clover Red Carpet XL 3-Year Red Clover Duration 3-Year Red Clover Developed in the upper Midwest, works well in Midwest and East High forage quality Excellent stand persistence Rapid spring growth May produce three cuttings on second-year stands Works well in rotational grazing programs Increased disease resistance High yield potential Resistance to Northern and Southern Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew Excellent winter hardiness, great for the Midwest and Northeast Regions Clover & Other Legumes CROSSECOAT TM CROSSECOAT TM CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND FEATURED Intermediate, Ladino & Alsike Clover Orion XL Ladino Clover Radium XL Alsike Clover Increased forage quality Excellent regrowth following grazing Superior winter hardiness Tolerant to poorly drained soils or wet feet Very tolerant to heavy grazing environments Tolerant to poor ph soils CROSSECOAT TM CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND XL BRAND Crusade Intermediate White Clover Improved winter growth Extended grazing potential during colder months Superior growth Disease resistant Birdsfoot Trefoil FEATURED Lotus XL Birdsfoot Trefoil Fast recovery after cutting High disease resistance Upright growth habit High forage yielder CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND Witt Birdsfoot Trefoil Improved winter survival High level of Fusarium Wilt resistance Upright growth habit Earlier flowering than Norcen foragefirst.com 20

22 Forage First Product Chart ALL GRASS GRASS + LEGUME CHARACTERISTICS SPECIES Smooth Brome SOD-FORMING Kentucky Bluegrass Reed Canarygrass COOL SEASON GRASSES Tall Fescue Orchard Timothy NON SOD-FORMING Tetraploid Diploid Perennial Perennial Ryegrass Ryegrass MIXES Big Ton XL Ginger Defiant XL Stargrazer XL Haymate XL Top Tim XL Endo-Graze XL Sierra-Type VersaGrass 25% 25% 25% 25% Special Waterway 65% 20% 15% BLM #4 15% 20% 15% 30% Mare & Foal 10% 50% 25% Grass Master 35% 35% 10% 10% Jump Start 30% 30% 715 Forage 15% Alfalfa-Based Forage 20% Alfalfa Hay & Pasture 20% 15% 20% All Purpose 15% 20% 12% Beef Pasture 15% 15% 5% 35% Triple Crown 15% 20% 35% Clover-Based Forage 25% Range Master 5% 30% 14% 27% 9% Rate for Pure Stand Rate in Mix Establishment SLOW SLOW MED MED MED SLOW FAST FAST Persistence HI HI HI HI HI MED MED MED Drought Tolerance MED MED HI HI MED LO MED MED Winter Hardiness HI HI HI MED HI HI MED MED Palability HI HI MED MED HI HI HI HI Yield Potential HI MED HI HI HI MED HI HI Grazing Tolerance HI HI HI HI HI MED HI HI ADDITIONAL ELITE VARIETIES & OTHER FORAGE FIRST PRODUCTS FSG 402TF Dawn XL Extend Quick Draw Summit Crest ADDITIONAL INFO (PAGE ) Boost Sierra 21 Forage First species that will include CrosseCoat are denoted throughout this guide with the CrosseCoat symbol.

23 Italian Annual Ryegrass Annual Ryegrass Festulolium Alfalfa Red Clover LEGUMES Ladino Clover Alsike Clover Birdsfoot Trefoil Tetrabana XL ColdSnap TM Fusion XL FF 42.A2 FF Premium Red Carpet XL Orion XL Radium XL Lotus XL RATE (LBS/ACRE) PG % % % % 20% % 15% % 20% 2% 8% % 5% % 22% 13% 5% 8% % 20% % 20% % 2% 10% % FAST FAST FAST MED MED FAST FAST FAST SLOW LO LO MED MED MED HI MED MED HI LO LO MED MED MED MED LO LO MED - HI LO LO HI HI HI HI MED HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI MED MED HI MED HI HI HI HI HI MED - HI HI MED - HI HI Forage First FF 9615 Enhancer Gain Farm Science Genetics Witt Duration W-L foragefirst.com 22

24 Forage Grasses We choose to sell premium brands like Forage First because it helps differentiate our business in the marketplace. The way to compete with big box companies is to offer premium varieties and brands that you can t find in many of those mainstream stores. Jeff G., Northeastern Missouri 23

25 Forage Grasses FEATURED Bromegrass THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE La Crosse Seed is working with breeders of bromegrass to bring varieties to our customers with quicker establishment and vigor, as well as more rapid recovery after harvest or grazing. Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Vigorous, long-lived sod-forming perennial grass Excellent drought resistance Improved leaf disease and seedling blight resistance Very compatible with alfalfa in mixed stands Exceptionally versatile, well suited to grazing and haying High yields and rapid regrowth Excellent season-long forage quality For hay or pasture CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND BROMEGRASS CHARACTERISTICS Establishment SLOW Persistence Drought Tolerance MED Winter Hardiness MED Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance PLANTING TIMES March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Smooth Meadow Mixes (lbs/acre) 5-10 Emergence (days) 14 ROTATIONAL GRAZING Begin (inches) 8-12 Stop (inches) 3-4 Avg. Days Rest HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut boot to mid-bloom Kentucky Bluegrass Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass Excellent emergence and seedling vigor Early maturity variety Aggressive rhizomes for oustanding coverage KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS CHARACTERISTICS Establishment SLOW Persistence Drought Tolerance MED Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential MED Grazing Tolerance PLANTING TIMES March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 4-10 Emergence (days) MANAGEMENT Cut boot to mid-bloom foragefirst.com 24

26 Orchardgrass FEATURED Haymate XL Orchardgrass Dawn XL Orchardgrass Medium-late maturity blend Great companion for alfalfa Maturity allows for more flexibility in the spring Excellent stem rust resistance Early maturity blend Improved rust resistance and persistence Early spring production in high management environments Good vigor for better stand establishment CROSSECOAT TM CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND XL BRAND Extend Orchardgrass Late maturity variety Perfect for alfalfa or clover mixes Resistant to stem rust Increased palatability and stand persistence Bred for both dryland and irrigated environments Quick Draw HSG Orchardgrass Medium maturity variety Improved crown rust resistance Drought tolerant High sugar grass for improved palatability ORCHARDGRASS CHARACTERISTICS Establishment MED Persistence Drought Tolerance MED Winter Hardiness Palatability MED Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance MED PLANTING TIMES March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 3-10 Emergence (days) 18 ROTATIONAL GRAZING Begin (Inches) 8-12 Stop (Inches) 3-6 Avg. Days Rest HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter Tall Fescue THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE Various levels of endophyte toxicity are common in the majority of US tall fescue fields. Unless KY31 is requested, La Crosse Seed is focused on offering only varieties that are free of any endophytes. Improved tall fescue varieties demonstrate better cold tolerance across the Midwest while animal performance trials show enhanced grazing preference and palatability compared to older genetics. FEATURED Stargrazer XL Tall Fescue Endophyte-free tall fescue blend Blend provides excellent flexibility while still maintaining forage palatability Suitable for both pastures or hay production XL BRAND FSG 402TF Tall Fescue Good, endophyte-free variety Great for fall and winter stockpiling Good drought tolerance - great for transition zone Better forage quality and palatability than KY31 CHARACTERISTICS PLANTING TIMES ROTATIONAL GRAZING 25 Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance MED MED MED March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 6-12 Emergence (days) 14 Begin (inches) 4-8 Stop (inches) 3-6 Avg. Days Rest HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter

27 Timothy Forage Grasses THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE Early maturing timothy varieties have been developed to match up with alfalfa s first cutting. With improved varieties of timothy come improved persistence and greater tolerance for weather extremes, like heat and droughty conditions. FEATURED Top Tim XL Timothy Early maturity blend Excellent with clover or alfalfa for hay or pasture One to two weeks earlier to boot stage than Climax in most environments XL BRAND Summit Timothy Early maturity variety Great palatability Improved summer re-growth Excellent spring vigor Superior leafiness Crest Timothy Medium-late maturity variety Strong re-growth after cutting Very winter-hardy and palatable TIMOTHY CHARACTERISTICS Establishment MED Persistence MED PLANTING TIMES March - May August - September MANAGEMENT Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter Drought Tolerance MED Life Cycle PERENNIAL Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance MED MED SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) 8-15 Mixes (lbs/acre) 2-6 Emergence (days) 10 Reed Canarygrass THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE For enhanced animal preference, La Crosse Seed has focused on offering only improved offerings that are low alkaloid. FEATURED Defiant XL Reed Canarygrass Low alkaloid Leafy, high-yielding perennial forage grass Widely adapted Performs well on wet, poorly-drained soil Performs on soils with a ph below 6.0 Very drought tolerant Can be used for hay, silage or pasture CROSSECOAT TM XL BRAND CHARACTERISTICS PLANTING TIMES ROTATIONAL GRAZING Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance SLOW MED March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 6-8 Emergence (days) 21 Begin (inches) 8-12 Stop (inches) Avg. Days Rest HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Harvest for hay 1-2 times before grazing foragefirst.com 26

28 Perennial Ryegrass THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE Many characteristics exist with perennial ryegrass. Improved varieties allow more flexibility when choosing either a diploid or tetraploid variety. Breeders are continually upgrading disease resistance, tolerance to drought and heat, and overall persistence with these newer, improved varieties. FEATURED Endo-Graze XL Tetraploid Perennial Ryegrass Boost Tetraploid Perennial Ryegrass High-yielding with rapid establishment Excellent high quality forage in spring and fall Extremely palatable High-yielding with high disease resistance Superior forage quality for better animal performance Excellent seedling vigor and quick establishment Endophyte-free and persistent XL BRAND Sierra Diploid Perennial Ryegrass Early maturity variety Dense crown: excellent for grazing environment systems CHARACTERISTICS PLANTING TIMES ROTATIONAL GRAZING Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance FAST MED MED MED MED February - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 6-10 Emergence (days) 14 Begin (inches) Stop (inches) 3-6 Avg. Days Rest 7-15 HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut boot to mid-bloom Festulolium THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE FEATURED Festulolium is a hybrid of fescue and ryegrass. Some varieties exhibit greater characteristics (both in appearance and agronomic performance) as fescue and some are more similar to ryegrass. Selecting the right festulolium is critical, depending on its use and environment. Fusion XL Festulolium Meadow Fescue x Italian Ryegrass Very high-yielding Fast germination & establishment Minimizes summer slump XL BRAND Gain Festulolium Vigorous re-growth Palatable and nutritious FESTULOLIUM CHARACTERISTICS PLANTING TIMES HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST 27 Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance FAST MED MED March - May August - September Life Cycle PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) Emergence (days) 14 Cut boot to mid-bloom

29 Annual Ryegrass Forage Grasses THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE Improved varieties of annual ryegrass offer enhanced yields, better winter survival, improved disease resistance and enhanced root development compared to the varieties of the past. FEATURED ColdSnap Annual Ryegrass Suitable for grazing or chopping for silage in fall or spring (in areas where it overwinters) Heavy dry matter producer with outstanding quality Great for extending alfalfa or legume stands History of outstanding forage production in the Midwest, Northeast and South Italian Annual Ryegrass THE FORAGE FIRST ADVANTAGE FEATURED Italian Types: Greater persistence can be expected with this high quality superstar of Northern forage. The winter survival and forage yields have been the focus of improvement of this species. Remember that during the establishment year these Italian types will remain in their vegetative stage but will act as an annual after winter dormancy for the second year and will need to be managed as such. Tetrabana XL Italian Annual Ryegrass Highly palatable Excellent for high-traffic or wet pastures Rapid establishment - ideal for intensive grazing, renovating pastures and frost seeding XL BRAND Enhancer Italian Annual Ryegrass High-yielding and top feed qualities High leaf to stem ratio: higher digestibility Good drought and heat tolerance, able to persist into late summer in second year CHARACTERISTICS PLANTING TIMES ROTATIONAL GRAZING Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance FAST MED MED MED March - May August - September Life Cycle ANNUAL SEEDING RATE Alone (lbs/acre) Mixes (lbs/acre) 5-10 Emergence (days) 14 Begin (inches) 6-12 Stop (inches) 3-4 Avg. Days Rest 7-15 HAY OR HAYLAGE HARVEST Cut boot to mid-bloom foragefirst.com 28

30 Summer Annuals About Summer Select La Crosse Seed s Summer Select family of summer annual products delivers innovative forage seed options to producers. We have partnered with top breeders to acquire what we believe to be the best genetics and most versatile summer annual portfolio available. The Summer Select lineup features products with advantages including greater digestibility, disease resistance, standability and more. Sugarcane Aphids are destroying fields of sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass across the Southern US. Forage Quality Sorghum x Sudangrass vs. Hybrid Pearl Millet Hercules BMR BD Advantage over BMR Sorghum Hercules BMR BD Advantage over Conventional Sorghum Lignin IVTD NDFD Hercules BMR BD Pearl Millet The Hercules BMR BD Pearl Millet Superior animal performance, Sugarcane Aphid tolerance & more TTNDFD Mcal/lb NEL Mcal/lb NEG -27% 9% 7.5% 37% 20% 8% -36% 16% 18% 60% 26% 12% Forage analysis sampled 45 days from planting, Cumulative nutritive data from Rock River / Dairy One. Lignin - Non-digestible, forage with a lower lignin content are more digestible and of higher quality IVTD - positively related to energy availability NDFD - increased NDFD values results in higher potential energy values, resulting in increased feed intake and animal performance TTNDFD - quantitative predictor of fiber digestability and energy from fiber NEL - net energy value available in a feed for milk production NEG - net energy value available for weight gain above maintenance requirement Sugarcane Aphid Counts Sorghum x Sudangrass vs. Hybrid Pearl Millet Lubbock, TX Sorghum* Upper Leaf 75/Leaf 3/Leaf Hercules BMR BD Pearl Millet Hybrid pearl millets are tolerant, yet provide comparable tonnage with tremendous quality. Lower Leaf 78/Leaf 1.4/Leaf Plainview, TX Sorghum* Hercules BMR BD Pearl Millet Upper Leaf 89/Leaf 5/Leaf Lower Leaf 941/Leaf 2/Leaf 29 Sugarcane Aphid counts from Sept. - Oct Multiple plots, adjacent sample. *Avg. counts from approx. 90 sorghum x sudangrass varietals. No honeydew observable change on Hybrid Pearl Millet.

31 Multi Cut Species - Sorghum x Sudangrass, Pearl Millet, Teff Grass Hybrid QuickDry BMR Dense Tonnage BMR BD EverGrow BMR PPS EverGrow PPS GreenSugar MS GreenSugar TR Hercules BMR BD Perform BD Type Sorghum x Sudangrass Sorghum x Sudangrass Sorghum x Sudangrass Sorghum x Sudangrass Sorghum x Sudangrass Sorghum x Sudangrass Pearl Millet Pearl Millet BMR Traits Treatment Maturity BMR 6 T ML BMR 6 BD T ML BMR 6 PPS T L PPS T L MS T M T M Approximate Seeds Per Pound 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 Dryland Seeding Rate / Acre Irrigated / High Rainfall Seeding Rate / Acre Seedling Vigor Recovery After Cutting Summer Annuals Leaf Disease Resistance Sugarcane Aphid Tolerance lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs lbs BMR 6 BD T M 50, lbs lbs BD T M 50, lbs lbs Reprieve XL Teff Grass * 650, lbs 7-10 lbs Double Crop Single Silage Cut Rapid Dry Down Single Cut Species - Forage Sorghum Hybrid 95 BMR Forage Sorghum 96 BMR MS Forage Sorghum 94 MS Forage Sorghum Type Forage Sorghum Forage Sorghum Forage Sorghum BMR BMR 6 Traits Treatment TS BMR 12 MS T MS T Approximate Seeds Per Pound 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 14,000-15,000 Approximate Maturity To Harvest 30" Rows: Rate / Acre Narrow Rows: Rate / Acre Approximate Height Leaf Disease Resistance Sugarcane Aphid Tolerance Double Crop Drought Tolerance Recovery After Cutting 95 days 4-5 lbs 4-6 lbs 7-9 feet days 5-8 lbs lbs 8-10 feet days 6-8 lbs lbs 8-10 feet Standability Grain Sorghum Hybrid 79 B Grain Sorghum 89 W Grain Sorghum 92 B Grain Sorghum 94 R Grain Sorghum Maturity to Mid-Bloom Grain Color BMR Treatment Approximate Seeds per Pound Sugarcane Aphid Tolerance Dryland Seeding Rate / Acre Irrigated / High Rainfall Seeding Rate / Acre Plant Color Bronze NO TS 14,000 YES 2-3 lbs 4-6 lbs Purple in SO NONE White NO TS 15,500 NO 2-3 lbs 4-6 lbs Tan in SO C & E Bronze NO TS 15,000 NO 2-3 lbs 4-6 lbs Purple in SO C & E Red NO TS 15,000 YES 2-3 lbs 4-6 lbs Purple in SO C & E Plant Height Panicle Type Panicle Exertion Pre-Flower Stress Tolerance Head Smut Fusarium MDMV Downy Mildew Greenbug Resistance Unless indicated, a standard 5 point rating system is used. Ratings are based on comparison with other products of like maturity / product use. 1 = POOR 5 = EXCELLENT * Insufficient agronomic data to make a rating at this time. ** BD = Brachytic Dwarf, BMR = Brown Mid-Rib, MS = Male Sterile, PPS = Photo Period Sensitive, SO = Semi-Open, MDMV = Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus T = Base Treatment, TS = Base Treatment w/ Safener (Concep/SorPro) 30

32 Food Plot Seed About Brier Ridge Brier Ridge TM products have been formulated to provide superior performance in establishing, attracting and keeping those trophy bucks, turkeys and upland birds on your property. Bob H., Central Iowa Consistently taking world-class white tails begins with two qualities: genetics and nutrition. Our neighborhood has the genetics and Brier Ridge provides us with the nutrition. Quality seed with excellent germination and strong vigor gives our food plots that extra edge by providing the necessary nutrients to grow the maximum amount of horn the genetics allow. 31 Bob H., Central Iowa

33 Food Plot Seed BULLS-EYE DEER TURNIPS Bulls-Eye is intended for use as an attractant for deer and other wildlife. Plant Bulls-Eye at least 60 days before killing frost if possible to allow adequate growth. Bulls-Eye will produce extensive vegetative growth, with a large bulb. DEER CANDY SUGAR BEETS An excellent choice for a fall nutrition plot when deer are getting their bodies ready for the winter months. Deer Candy provides the nutritional needs for the fall and early winter GT1 FORAGE SOYBEANS A late maturing, glyphosate tolerant soybean with increased plant height, creating large amounts of forage. PLOT SPIKE FORAGE OATS Plot Spike Forage Oats is 99% pure, with no fillers and no chemical coatings. It produces huge quantities of forage and is easy to establish and cold tolerant. WILDLIFE GRAIN SORGHUM Wildlife Grain Sorghum was specifically developed as a fall and winter food source for upland game birds (quail, turkey, pheasant and prairie chicken) and migratory birds (ducks, geese and doves). It is not meant for commercial grain production due to the tannin content. WILDLIFE SUNFLOWER Wildlife Sunflower is a special attractant to upland game birds as fall and winter feed. Wildlife Sunflower is preferred by dove, quail, turkey, pheasant and other species of upland game birds. Wildlife Sunflower is a very drought tolerant crop. It is a very reliable source of fall and winter feed because of the tolerance to limited and sporadic supplies of available moisture. LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 2 LBS PER ¼ ACRE BAG SIZE: 2 LBS LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 2-3 LBS PER ACRE BAG SIZE: 1 LB LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 140,000 SEEDS PER ACRE BAG SIZE: 140,000 SEED COUNT LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: LBS PER ACRE BAG SIZE: 50 LBS LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 6-8 LBS/ACRE (DRILLED) 8-10 LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 50 LBS LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 6-8 LBS/ACRE (DRILLED) 8-10 LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 50 LBS Many of our Soil First cover crop mixes also make excellent food plots. Check out the cover crop portion of this guide for detail on SF 102, SF 125, SF 140, SF 150, SF 165 and other options. foragefirst.com 32

34 Food Plot Seed Mixes ANNUAL HABITAT HIDE-A-WAY Annual Habitat Hide-A-Way is a summer seeded blend of sorghum x sudangrass, sunflowers and grain sorghum that offers up to 6 to 8 ft bedding/buffer zone/barrier for a tranquil deer setting. This annual blend should be planted into 60 to 65 degree soil temperature and will eventually terminate after winter. This mix can also be used to seclude paths, allowing for a stealth entry to hunting areas. Annual Habitat Hide-A-Way is an annual alternative to Perennial Habitat Hide-A-Way. LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/ACRE BAG SIZE: 10 LBS BUCK S BANQUET MIX This mix attracts big bucks by providing them a mix of lush clovers, leafy rape, tasty turnips and choice chicory. Once the cooler temps arrive, this mix becomes sweet and succulent. Revitalize this mix with Rut N Ready the following fall as this mix offers perennials that will allow deer a food source through next year s spring and summer. LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL/PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/ACRE BAG SIZE: 10 LBS, 5 LBS AUTUMN ENERGY MIX Autumn Energy is a mix of PlotSpike Oats, purple top turnips and Soil First Select Daikon Radish. This mix was formulated to be plant 6 to 8 weeks prior to a killing frost, and allows for forage in late fall and early winter. After a hard frost in fall, sugars will flush the vegetative growth of the turnips and radish offering succulent forage. PlotSpike Oats will grow quickly, and provide extensive leafy forage for deer to browse from early fall into cooler temps due to their winter hardiness. LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 50 LBS HORN HONEY MIX Horn Honey is specially formulated with high quality clovers and chicory that will be sure to bring in the does and BUCKS! With proper planting and maintenance, this mixture will last for years. Foundation for any quality deer management plan. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/ACRE BAG SIZE: 10 LBS, 5 LBS RUT N READY WILDLIFE MIX Rut N Ready is a fall seeded mix containing unique brassicas. Planting this plot offers deer a food source from late fall into early winter. After a hard frost sugars will flush the vegetative growth and deer will dig through snow to feed on these leafy greens. Plant this plot 6 to 8 weeks out from killing frost. 33 LIFE CYCLE: ANNUAL SEEDING RATE: 8 LBS/ACRE BAG SIZE: 8 LBS, 4 LBS

35 Food Plot Seed DEER COUNTRY POINT BUILDER PLUS MIX Excellent choice for plot along wood lines or open areas. Deer Country Point Builder Plus offers rapeseed as a fall annual but is full of high quality perennial clovers, a high sugar perennial ryegrass blend and chicory. The perennials provide a luscious plot for following years when managed correctly. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 15 LBS/ACRE (DRILLED) LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 25 LBS DEER COUNTRY FIELD MIX Deer Country Field mix was developed to provide forage for deer and attract other wildlife in the spring, summer and fall. The various species included in this mix were selected to allow for growth over various soil types and climatic conditions. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/ACRE (DRILLED) LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 25 LBS DEER COUNTRY TRAIL MIX Deer Country Trail mix was formulated to be a quick and easy establishing mix that can withstand full sun to more heavily shaded areas. It contains species that can perform better than others in areas such as logging roads and trails located directly in the woods. Keep in mind, broadleaves and grasses do need some sunlight to grow. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/ACRE (DRILLED) LBS/ACRE (BROADCAST) BAG SIZE: 25 LBS PERENNIAL HABITAT HIDE-A-WAY Perennial Habitat Hide-A-Way is 3-way blend of native grasses that will create an 8 to 10 ft tall bedding/buffer zone/barrier for a tranquil deer setting. This is a perennial alternative to Annual Habitat Hide-A-Way. Seek additional information on establishing native grasses from our Native Grasses Establishment Guidelines. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 9 PLS LBS/ACRE BAG SIZE: 9 PLS LBS SUCRASEED SWEET SPOT MIX Sweet Spot is the perfect choice plot for hunters looking for a perennial plot that holds up to heavy grazing and attracts deer all season long. LIFE CYCLE: PERENNIAL SEEDING RATE: 10 LBS/HALF ACRE BAG SIZE: 10 LBS foragefirst.com 34

36 Cover crops are being utilized across the country for a multitude of reasons. Besides soil and water quality benefits, integrating summer, fall and winter cover crops can supply much needed forage in the form of hay, silage and pasture through fall and spring. SF MIXES SF 101 Cover Starter MIX COMPONENTS Guardian TM Fall Rye + Soil First Select Radish BRASSICA/MUSTARD LEGUMES SF 102 Cover Starter + SF 120 Extender SF 125 N-Hancer SF 140 Multi-Purpose SF 142 Classic Guardian TM Fall Rye + Soil First Select Radish + Crimson Clover Hy Octane Triticale + Fixation Balansa Clover + Soil First Select Radish Spring Oats + Soil First Select Radish + Fixation Balansa Clover + Peas + Crimson Clover Winter Triticale + Soil First Select Radish + Vivant Brassica + Forage Collards + Peas Crimson Clover + Soil First Select Radish GRASSES SF 150 Field Fit Spring Oats + Soil First Select Radish SF 160 Rooting SF 165 Late Grazer ColdSnap TM Annual Ryegrass + Soil First Select Radish Pearl Millet + Sunn Hemp + Soil First Select Radish SOIL FIRST MIXES SF 167 Summer Grazer Sorghum x Sudangrass + Sunn Hemp + Soil First Select Radish 35 SF 175 AccuSpread SF 180 Shifter ColdSnap TM Annual Ryegrass + Crimson Clover + Soil First Select Radish ColdSnap TM Annual Ryegrass + Fixation Balansa Clover + Soil First Select Radish OTHER

37 ANNUAL COVER CROP FORAGE Planting Season Spring Summer Late Smmr Fall Seeding Rate (mix) lbs/acre Seeding Rate (for forage) lbs/acre Seeding Depth (with drill) USDA Hardiness Zone Days to Emergence Crude Protein NEL 1 Mcal/lb Cover Crops NUTRITIONAL VALUE INFORMATION (Values Vary Greatly Depending on Maturity) ADF% 2 NDF% 3 TDN DM Tons per Acre Days to 1st Harvest Days to Next Harvest Ranking Good, Better, Best Graze Baleage Chop Daikon Radish / Best NR Good Oilseed Radish / Best NR Good Turnips (Top) / Best NR Good Vivant Brassica / Best Better Good Forage Collards / Best NR Good Rapeseed /4-1/ TBD Good Better Best Yellow/White Mustard /4-3/ Crimson Clover / Better Best Good Berseem Clover / Good Best Better Balansa Clover / TBD Better Good Best Winter Hairy Vetch Spring - Best NR Good Sunn Hemp /2-1 Frost Varies Greatly Best Good Better Austrian Winter Peas Spring - Better Good Best Peas (Hay) Frost Better Good Best Peas (Silage) Frost NA Good Best Peas and Oat Mix /4-1 Frost Better Good Best Medium Red Clover / Spring 40 Better Best Good Annual Ryegrass / Better Good Best Spring Oats (Hay) / Better Good Best Spring Oats (Silage) / NA Good Best Fall Rye (Hay) / Spring - Good Better Best Fall Rye (Silage) / Spring - NA Good Best Triticale (Fall) / Spring - Good Better Best Triticale (Spring) / Better Good Best Barley (Fall) / Spring - Better Good Best Barley (Spring) / Better Good Best Wheat (Hay) / Spring - Better Best Good Wheat (Silage) / Spring - NA Good Best Forage Sorghum /4-1 1/2 Frost Better Good Best Sorghum x Sudan /4-1 1/2 Frost Good Better Best Sudangrass /2-1 Frost Good Better Best Teff Grass /4 Frost NR Good Best Pearl Millet /2-1 Frost Better Good Best German Millet Frost N/A Best NR NR White Proso Millet " Frost N/A Best NR NR SF 101 Cover Starter /4-1 - Varies Spring Best Good Better SF 102 Cover Starter /4-1 - Varies Nutrition values vary Spring Best Good Better SF 120 Extender /4-1 - Varies Spring Best Good Better due to differences in SF 125 N-Hancer /4-1 - Varies Best Good Better SF 140 Multi-Purpose /4-1 - Varies the forage quality of Best Good Better SF 142 Classic /4-1/2 - Varies the mix components Spring Best Good Better SF 150 Field Fit /4-1 - Varies Best NR Good and differences in SF 160 Rooting /4-1/2 - Varies Spring Best Good Better SF 165 Late Grazer SF 167 Summer Grazer SF 175 AccuSpread /4-1 1/4-1 1/4-1/ Varies Varies Varies how and when each component is harvested (grazed versus baleage) Spring Best Best Best Good Good Good Better Better Better SF 180 Shifter /4-1/2 - Varies Spring Best Good Better Phacelia / Sunflower /4-1 Frost TBD Varies - Best N/A Better Buckwheat /2-1 Frost Better NR Good Sugar Beet / Best NR Good * +/- 5%. Bulk Density averages are only a guide. Moisture, humidity and seed quality all N/A N/A Best affect bulk density. Net Energy for Lactation = Energy available after subtracting digestive and metabolic losses Acid Detergent Fiber = Low values mean more digestible Neutral Detergent Fiber = Low values mean cows can eat more Days to Harvest = Estimations based on average growing season to reach optimum quality NA = Not applicable; NR = Not recommended Good Better Best N/A N/A Best REFERENCES: Texas Tech University, Oklahoma State University, Iowa State University, Mississippi State University, North Dakota State University, Colorado State University, University of Florida, Michigan State University, University of Wisconsin, Kansas State University 36 foragefirst.com 36

38 Which Cereal Grain Do I Plant for Forage? Cereal grains are increasingly popular as forage supplements for perennial hay and summer annual acres. Many forage benefits exist for these cereal grain options, but differ in quality/tonnage with management. SPRING OATS Spring oats afford early forage production as monocultures or nurse crop in spring pasture or hay. Use as a graze-out program and/or remove any residue prior to the next crop. Rotational grazing often extends window for pasture production. Plant spring oats in fall if early enough for 60 to 90 day production. FORAGE OATS Forage oats often have greater leaf-to-stem ratios, forage quality, better intake and digestibility than traditional spring oats. Improved forage oat varieties bring increased resistance to diseases, but not necessarily greater tonnage capability. Best Use: Silage (milk to dough stage); Hay (late boot to early heading SPRING TRITICALE Triticale, a cross between wheat and rye, makes for a crop with higher yields but lower quality than wheat. Spring triticale is best for grazing pasture and more consistent for hay, silage or feed grain than wheat. Large stems make hay wilting and silage packing difficult. Triticale has better drought tolerance than wheat or spring oats. WINTER TRITICALE Winter triticale, often as tolerant to cold conditions as winter wheat but less than winter rye, can be springseeded (vernalization will not occur so plants will remain vegetative, not producing seed). Very useful for late summer, fall and spring pasture. Winter triticale typically matures 5 to 7 days later than winter wheat and 2 to 3 weeks later than fall rye under consistent conditions. Best Use: Fall & Spring Pasture; Silage & Hay (late boot stage for best quality; soft dough for maximum tonnage) WINTER RYE With great cold tolerance, rye is easiest to establish in poor soils, and is great for hay production or pasture ground due to quick growth in both fall and early spring. Best Use: Fall, Winter & Spring Pasture WINTER WHEAT Wheat has good potential for forage and is usually higher in quality than rye, triticale and oats but often produces more dry matter overall than barley. Best Use: Fall & Spring Pasture; Hay (boot to milk stage); Silage (boot to dough stage) Hard Red Winter high in protein (10 to 12%), more gluten (used for yeast and bread flour) and grown in more arid climates where the incidence of grain quality issues can be minimized from too much moisture Hard Red Spring even higher in protein (12 to 14%) Soft Red Winter higher carbohydrates, less gluten and planted in areas that can tolerate more moisture (areas east of the Mississippi River) HAY PRODUCTION - Hay often yields an average 2 to 4 tons/acre with moisture content between 15 to 20%, and is more maturity-dependent at harvest than silage. Harvesting at early-milk stage allows for the greatest forage yield but greatest quality occurs in the late-boot stage. To speed up drying in the late-boot stage, a crimper is recommended. SPRING BARLEY Spring barley gives an adaptive forage option with high digestibility and good cold, alkaline soil and drought tolerance. Unlike spring oats, spring barley hasn t been used as a nurse crop due to lodging incidence. 2-row varieties tend to be more competitive, than alfalfa for example, due to extensive tillering. 6-row varieties have more kernels and less tillering. New varieties bring better resistance to lodging and smooth awns - critical for proper palatability. 2-row barley lower protein content, but more fermentable sugar content = typically better for malting 6-row barley higher protein content = better for forage SILAGE PRODUCTION - Silage yields 4 to 7 tons/acre of 35% dry matter forage in the boot stage and 6 to 10 tons/acre when in the late boot stage. Ensile small grains between 62 to 68% moisture. Chop length should be finer than corn or forage sorghum harvest. (Kansas State University) WINTER BARLEY Winter barley is very susceptible to winterkill; consider when grazing late into the fall. Because early planting ensures greater survivability, it provides a valuable source of early fall pasture. Assuming winter survival/vernalization, remove livestock prior to jointing/ stem elongation to avoid stand loss. Jointing occurs earlier than wheat or triticale. Barley matures 1 to 2 weeks before wheat, allowing more flexibility with double cropping. High moisture barley value as a feed grain is the most comparable to whole-plant corn (90-100%). This is gaining favor in many regions and spreads out the work load because of earlier harvest vs. corn. Best Use: Fall Pasture; Silage & Hay (boot to dough stage) 37

39 Cover Crops SMALL GRAIN TONNAGE POTENTIAL QUALITY RATING TIME OF PLANTING BEST USE & TIME OF HARVEST IMPORTANT MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Spring Oats Forage Oats March - April; July - September Silage - milk to dough stage; Hay - late boot to early head Late summer or fall planting should be made at least days prior to first frost for maximum tonnage potential. Rotational grazing is recommended when pasturing to ensure longevity. Spring Triticale Winter Triticale March - April; July - August August - October Fall & Spring Pasture; Silage & Hay (late boot for best quality; soft dough for maximum tonnage) Larger stems can make hay wilting and silage packing difficult. Typically matures about 1 week later than winter wheat and 2-3 weeks later than winter rye. Spring Barley Winter Barley Winter Rye Spring Wheat Winter Wheat + = poor = greatest March - April; July - August August - September Fall Pasture; Silage & Hay (boot stage for best quality; soft dough for maximum tonnage) August - November Fall, Winter, & Spring Pasture March - April; July - August August - October Fall & Spring Pasture; Silage (boot to dough stage); Hay (boot to milk stage) Spring barley has tendency to lodge when used as nurse crop (compared to oats). Winter barley is the most susceptible to winter injury of all the cereals. If pasturing, remove livestock prior to jointing to lessen risk of stand loss. Quickest to "wake up" in spring so proper management is needed to synchronize tonnage and quality. Early planted wheat may serve as a host to many diseases such as wheat streak and barley yellow dwarf mosaics, which decrease forage production. Hessian fly infestations are also common in early plantings. Tips for Managing Summer Annuals and other Cover Crops for Forage When the opportunity exists to plant early, warm season annuals provide large amounts of biomass while easing compaction, improving soil tilth and absorbing excess nutrients left behind from cash crops. These grasses provide quality forage suitable for all classes of ruminants (usually during periods where traditional perennial crops are less effective). Although referred to as emergency forage, these mixes can be part of a planned cover crop program where the dual benefit of forage is the goal. NITRATE TOXICITY is common when fertility or manure applications are followed by a period of drought or stress. Cut plants do not lessen in their nitrate levels as they cure. If high levels are suspected, forage should be tested for a period of a few weeks until levels subside. Though often linked to summer annual grasses, increased nitrate levels can show up in most cover crops and forages. 1. Nitrates are concentrated more in the lower stalk raising cutting height can reduce the risk 2. When a stressful drought precedes a moisture event, it is recommended to delay harvest by 1-2 weeks 3. Consider split applications of nitrogen (especially useful on summer annuals) to decrease nitrate accumulations PRUSSIC ACID poisoning can occur when feeding forage sorghums after periods of drought or other stress, including frost. Toxic levels dissipate usually after 2-3 weeks and will further decrease when ensiled. Prussic acid is most concentrated in new growth, so sorghum forages should not be grazed until they are at least 18 tall. Storing hay or silage for at least 30 days generally dissipates the concern. BRASSICA CROPS can cause animal health disorders if not grazed properly. Introduce grazing animals to brassica pastures slowly (usually over 3-5 days). With extremely high forage values, brassicas can cause problems if hungry animals are turned out into predominate brassica pastures. Even though traditional recommendations allow for 2/3, we actually recommend keeping brassicas to under 1/3 of the grazing animal's diet - always supplement brassicas with dry hay or other grasses (higher in fiber). BLOAT can be an issue with most legume species. Reduce bloat by: 1. Utilizing grasses alongside the legumes 2. Pre-fill livestock with coarse hay prior to turning onto pasture, ensuring animals are not turned out to fresh pasture when hungry 3. Do not start grazing when the pastures are wet from dew or rain GRASS TETANY can occur when grazing lush cereal grain crops in the spring or fall. Tetany risk can be lessened by adding legumes (which offset low magnesium levels that induce tetany) and by keeping livestock out of fields recently fertilized or manured.

40 CUSTOM CRP MIXES La Crosse Seed offers custom mixing capabilities to meet any of your CRP needs. Contact us to learn more. Native wildflowers are an important addition to many native grass plantings. Besides adding beauty to stands of native grasses, wildflowers are an important food source for game birds, song birds and mammalian wildlife as well as grazing livestock. Perennial Wildflower Pollinator Mix with Legumes Planting rate: 33 lbs/acre (32 lbs/acre of oats; 1 lb/acre pollinator mix) Mix includes oats as a carrier to aid in application and overall stand establishment This mix offers a perennial, season-long bloom period to support both pollinators and other wildlife. Species for this mix were selected that bloom at different times during the summer once established. This mix should be planted in late spring/early summer. Note: it s common for these species to take multiple years to establish in most areas of the upper Midwest. Annual Cover Crop Pollinator Mix with Legumes Planting rate: lbs/acre depending on timing and planting application Oats can be added as a carrier to aid in application and overall stand establishment This mix provides quality bee forage in a short-term rotation with commodity or cash crops. It serves as both a soil improvement cover crop and a beneficial pollinator mix because of the species selected and legume additions. This mix can be planted late in the season as a winter cover that can provide flowers for bees in the spring or as a late spring/early summer planted cover that blooms mid-to-late summer. The results of this crop planted later in the summer or early fall will be largely dependent on weather conditions (frost, winter temperatures, etc.). The ideal planting window would be early enough to maximize bee forage and bloom time. 39 GRASSES FORBS WILDFLOWER MIXES Buffalograss Sand Lovegrass Black-Eyed Susan Midwest Mix Eastern Gamagrass Sand Dropseed Purple Coneflower Midwest Shade Mix Blue Grama Tall Wheatgrass Yellow Coneflower Shady Mix Canada Wildrye Slender Wheatgrass Ox-Eye Sunflower Knee-Hi Mix Big Bluestem Intermediate Wheatgrass Wild Bergamot Low-Grow Mix Indiangrass Pubescent Wheatgrass Showy Tick Trefoil Color Iowa Wild Western Wheatgrass Green Needlegrass Maximilan Sunflower Little Bluestem Junegrass Partridge Pea Sideoats Grama Prairie Cordgrass Switchgrass (PARTIAL LIST OF SEED AVAILABLE)

41 Inoculants La Crosse Seed has selected Monsanto BioAg and Verdesian as our preferred inoculant partners. Our goal is to offer our customers the best the inoculant industry has to offer. These companies provide cutting edge inoculant technologies with elite performance, ease of application and excellent technical support. La Crosse Seed is confident that these products will maximize your yield and plant health. SOYBEANS TAGTEAM XC OPTIMIZE XC CELL-TECH LIQUID N-DURE PEAT PRESIDE CL N-TAKE MultiAction phosphate-solubilizing, nitrogen fixing liquid inoculant with LCO Promoter Technology for retail application MultiAction nitrogen fixing liquid inoculant with LCO Promoter Technology for retail application Liquid seed applied single-action nitrogen fixing inoculant for grower application Peat based, seed applied nitrogen fixing inoculant for soybeans Features Take-Off technology, an advanced crop nutrient assimilator that accelerates nutrient acquisition and use efficiency of nitrogen. Preside CL is a fast-mixing, easy to handle, highly concentrated liquid inoculant for soybeans. Liquid seed applied single-action nitrogen fixing inoculant for grower application OTHER FORAGE AND COVER CROP LEGUMES LINK LINK Cover Crop Inoculant can be used effectively on over 50 legumes making it also a convenient option for forage plantings. N-DURE PEAT All Crops QuickRoots N-DURE peat based seed applied nitrogen fixing inoculants for alfalfa, all clovers, birdsfoot trefoil, pea, vetches, lentils, cowpeas and sunn hemp QuickRoots inoculant has been proven by field trials to enhance seedling vigor and increase uptake of certain nutrients including NPK, which leads to expanded root volume, root mass and fine root hairs, promoting optimal plant growth and increased yield response. Sweet Corn Some varieties are sweeter than others, depending on whether one or both of their parents were sugary enhanced. Varieties that get the se gene from both their parents are homozygous for that trait, or double se, and all of their kernels have the se characteristics. Typically a homozygous se will have better eating quality than a heterozygous se. Sweet corn comes in three colors: yellow, white and bicolor (yellow and white). Cross pollination of yellow kernel varieties with white kernel varieties will result in production of bicolor corn. If a bicolor is cross pollinated with a yellow variety, kernel color will be mostly yellow. Although there are regional preferences for certain kernel colors, there is no relationship between color and sweetness. Variety Type Maturity Heat Ear Ear Length (in) Number Ear Plant Color Days Units Height (in) Rows Diameter (in) Height (in) Trinity se-se bicolor Sugar Buns se-se yellow Ambrosia se-se bicolor Bodacious R/M* se-se yellow Delectable R/M* se-se bicolor Incredible R/M* se-se yellow Serendipity sy-se bicolor * R/M denotes an improved disease resistance package foragefirst.com 40

42 Turf Mixes PROFESSIONAL LANDSCAPE MIXES MIXES Choice Sun & Shade ELITE KBG KBG ELITE PRG PRG ARG ELITE CRF CRF CHF HARD FESCUE BLUE FESCUE TALL FESCUE SEEDING INFORMATION LBS/1,000 SQ FT 40% 30% 15% 15% Madison Parks 50% 25% 25% Spartan Grade A 40% 20% 20% 20% NEW OVER KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS & PERENNIAL RYEGRASS BASED SHADE/SLOPE MIXES Blue Carpet 100% Champion 100% Pro-Sports 80% 20% Ryte Rye 100% Sports Park OS 50% 50% Care-Free 35% 40% 20% 5% Shady Place 20% 20% 30% 30% Green Resistor 100% TALL FESCUE BASED Survivor 15% 15% 15% 15% 40% Top Athletic 10% 10% 80% Tuff-Stuff 10% 90% Watertight H 2 O 10% 90% GENERAL LANDSCAPE MIXES Michigan Green 15% 15% 30% 40% Park Place 50% 25% 25% Quick-2-Gro 25% 25% 25% 25% Sunny Place 33% 34% 33% Wear-N-Tear 40% 40% 10% 10% Mix Components: KBG = Kentucky Bluegrass; PRG = Perennial Ryegrass; ARG = Annual Ryegrass; CRF = Creeping Red Fescue; CHF = Chewings Fescue

43 Planting Information Chart KIND OF SEED APPROX. SEEDS/LB LBS/BU PLANTING RATE LBS/ ACRE PLANTING RATE LBS/ACRE IN MIXES La Crosse Seed warrants that the seed or other products sold by it conforms to the descriptions on the label within tolerances, if any, established by law. THIS EXPRESS WARRANTY EXCLUDES AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WHICH ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. In any event, it is expressly agreed that liability of La Crosse Seed LLC to the Buyer or others for any loss (whether such loss results from breach of warranty, or contract, or from negligence) shall be limited solely to the amount of the purchase price of the seed or other products. This remedy hereby provided shall be the exclusive and sole remedy of the Buyer and all other persons for such loss. In no event shall La Crosse Seed LLC be liable for any SEEDING DEPTH SUGGESTED PLANTING DATES EMERGENCE TIME (DAYS) PRIMARY USE LIFE Alfalfa 227, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Perennial Barley 14, ¾ - 1 Mar - Apr, Aug - Oct 6-8 Pasture Annual Bermudagrass (Hulled) 2,071, N/A ⅛ Apr - Jun, Aug - Sep 21 Hay, Pasture Perennial Birdsfoot Trefoil 370, ¼ Feb - May, Aug - Sep 7 Pasture Perennial Bluegrass, Kentucky 2,177, ¼ Feb - May, Aug - Sep 28 Pasture Perennial (Forage) Brassicas, Hybrid 165,000 N/A ¼ Jul - Sep 4-6 Cover Crop Annual Brome, Meadow 93,000 N/A ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 14 Hay, Pasture Perennial Brome, Smooth 138, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 14 Hay, Pasture Perennial Buckwheat 15, ½ - 1 Jun - Jul 7 Cover Crop Annual Cereal Rye Grain 18, ¾ - 1 Mar - Apr, Aug - Sep 5-8 Cover Crop Annual Chicory 426,000 N/A ⅛ - ¼ Apr - May, Aug - Sep 7-21 Pasture, Wildlife Perennial Clover, Alsike 728, ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7 Hay, Pasture Perennial Clover, Arrowleaf 400, N/A ⅛ - ½ Aug - Oct 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Clover, Balansa 500, ¼ Feb - Mar, Aug - Sep 14 Cover Crop Perennial Clover, Berseem 207, ¼ May - Jun, Aug - Oct 5-8 Cover Crop Annual Clover, Crimson 150, ¼ Aug - Oct 7-10 Cover Crop Annual Clover, Kura 227, ¼ - ½ Apr - May, Aug 7 Hay, Pasture Perennial Clover, Ladino White 768, ⅛ - ¼ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7-10 Hay, Pasture Perennial Clover, Mammoth Red 272, ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Perennial Clover, Medium Red 272, ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Perennial Clover, New Zealand White 768, ⅛ - ¼ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7-10 Pasture Perennial Clover, White Dutch 768, ⅛ - ¼ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7-10 Pasture Perennial Crownvetch 138, ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 14 Erosion Control Perennial Fescue, Hard 592,000 N/A 5-10 N/A ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Sep 14 Erosion Control Perennial Fescue, Tall 227, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Perennial Festulolium 227,000 N/A ¼ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 14 Hay, Pasture Perennial Hairy Vetch 16, Aug - Oct 14 Cover Crop Annual Kale 200,000 N/A ½ May - Jul 7 Cover Crop Annual Lespedeza, Korean (Hulled) 238, N/A ¼ - ½ Mar - Apr 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Annual Lespedeza, Striate (Kobe) 200, N/A ¼ - ½ Mar - Apr 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Annual Millet, Browntop 142, N/A ½ - 1 May - Jul 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Millet, Foxtail (German) 220, N/A 1 May - Jul 10 Hay Annual Millet, Japanese 143, Apr - Jul 10 Hay, Wildlife, Erosion Control Annual Millet, Pearl 60, ½ - 1 May - Jul 3-5 Pasture, Silage Annual Millet, Proso 80, May - Jul 3-5 Grain, Wildlife Annual Oats, Spring, Fall 16, ¾ - 1 Mar - Apr, Aug - Sep 5-8 Cover Crop Annual Orchardgrass 416, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 18 Hay, Pasture Perennial Peas, Austrian Winter 2, Aug - Sep 9 Cover Crop Annual Peas, Cow 3, N/A ¼ - ½ May - Jul 8 Cover Crop Annual Phacelia 230,000 N/A ¼ Jun - Sep Cover Crop Annual Radish 35,000 N/A ¼ - ⅓ Aug - Sep 14 Cover Crop Annual Rapeseed 145, ¼ - ½ Apr - May, Aug - Sep 4-10 Cover Crop Annual Red Top 4,990, ¼ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 10 Pasture, Erosion Control Perennial Reed Canarygrass 480, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 21 Hay, Pasture Perennial Ryegrass, Annual 227, ¼ Mar - Apr, Aug - Oct 7 Cover Crop Annual Ryegrass, Perennial 227, ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Sep 14 Hay, Pasture Perennial Sainfoin 30, ½ - ¾ Mar - Apr 10 Hay, Pasture, Wildlife Perennial Sorghum, Forage 17, N/A ¾ - 1 ½ May - Jul 10 Silage Annual Sorghum, Forage BMR 17, N/A 1 May - Jul 10 Silage Annual Sorghum, Grain 15, N/A 1 May - Jul 10 Grain, Wildlife Annual Sorghum x Sudangrass 21, ¾ - 1 ½ May - Jul 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sorghum x Sudangrass BMR 21, N/A 1 May - Jul 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sudangrass 43, N/A ½ - 1 May - Jul 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sunn Hemp 15,000 N/A ½ - 1 Jul - Sep 3-7 Cover Crop Annual Sunflower 7, ¾ - 1 May - Aug 4-10 Wildlife Annual Sweetclover 259, ¼ - ½ Feb - May, Aug - Oct 7 Pasture Biennial Switchgrass 389, PLS N/A ½ Apr - May 21 Hay, Pasture Perennial Timothy 1,152, ¼ - ½ Mar - May, Aug - Sep 10 Hay, Pasture Perennial Teffgrass 1,300,000 N/A 8-12 N/A ¼ May - Jul 3-5 Hay, Pasture Annual Triticale 15, ¾ - 1 Mar - Apr, Aug - Sep 6-8 Hay, Pasture Annual Turnips (Top) 220, ¼ Aug - Sep 4-10 Cover Crop Annual Weeping Lovegrass 1,482, ½ May - Jun 7 Hay, Pasture Perennial Wheat 11, Mar - Apr, Aug - Oct 7 Pasture Annual consequential or incidental damages sustained by the Buyer or any other person. No liability hereunder shall be asserted unless the Buyer or user reports to the Warrantor within a reasonable period after discovery (not to exceed 30 days), any conditions that might lead to a complaint. Our liability on the Warranty is limited in amount to the purchase price of the seed. By acceptance of the seed or other products, the Buyer acknowledges that the limitations and disclaimers herein set forth are conditions of the sale and constitute the entire agreement between the parties regarding warranty or other liabilities and the remedy therefor. foragefirst.com 42

44 La Crosse Seed Headquarters 2541 Commerce Street La Crosse, WI SEED foragefirst.com