Help us!!!! Please contact us if you have bittersweet nightshade that you would like sampled: Silvia Rondon and/or Alex Murphy.

Transcription

1 Potato Psyllid update in the Columbia Basin Silvia I. Rondon Oregon State University, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Irrigated Agricultural Entomology Program OSU-HAREC IAEP Research and Extension Program 1. Overwintering studies 2. Sampling techniques 3. Statewide sampling program; sentinel plots 4. Population dynamics of psyllids in the lower Columbia Basin 5. Greenhouse insecticide and transmission trials 6. Chemical trials (Ruben Marchosky, OSU-HAREC-IAEP) 7. Storage and screenhouse trials 8. Psyllid workshops Insect ID Service (Carol Mils, OSU-HAREC-IAEP) Overwintering and Monitoring Alex Murphy, Postdoctoral Research Scholar, OSU-HAREC IAEP Overwintering A survey of Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) revealed overwintering populations of potato psyllid in the lower Columbia Basin. Adults were first detected on 22 March, Eggs of the first spring generation were noted on 9 April, Eggs collected from the field were reared in the lab on potatoes to confirm the identification as potato psyllid. The mild winter warrants sampling this winter as well. Help us!!!! Please contact us if you have bittersweet nightshade that you would like sampled: Silvia Rondon and/or Alex Murphy. Monitoring We have several ongoing psyllid monitoring studies: Assessment of the efficacy of different sticky cards. Assessment of the locality of a sticky card in the field. Area wide insect monitoring survey. Sentinel plots for psyllid detection. Potatoes O S U - H A R E C - I A E P - P o t a t o F i e l d D a y

2 As of today (6/27/12), psyllids have been detected in very small numbers on commercial fields and experimental plots in the lower Columbia Basin. Psyllid indentification Watch for look-alikes!!! Potato Psyllid Look-alikes More Information O S U - H A R E C - I A E P - P o t a t o F i e l d D a y

3 From winter to summer: should we expect record insect outbreaks? Silvia Rondon ID Guide: Potato Tuberworm (PTW) The potato tubermoth or potato tuberworm. Males captured can be recognized by the structure Credits. ODA Potato tubermoth female (left; X mark); male (right; series of straight dots). Credits. S.I. Rondon, OSU Potato tuberworm larva (less than 1/2 inch long. Notice dark collar behind the head). Credits. A. Jensen, WSPC Tuber damage caused by the potato tuberworm. Credits. S.I. Rondon, OSU Trapping: Statewide Survey Protocol Trap design Delta Trap (Trece Pherocon VI) with quick change sticky insert. Location of traps Edge of the field. Hang no higher than 12 above the crop 3 OSU-HAREC Irrigated Agricultural Entomology Program

4 canopy or bare ground. Keep area around traps free of weeds. Stand High strength PVC-pipe for stands, and heavy aluminum wire 30 as extension. Extra light wire is needed to hook the delta trap. Suppliers Traps (but not holders) and pheromones (International lures) are obtained from Trece Inc. Phone (918) or at When to start? Detection survey July 1 to at least October 15. Frequency Check traps once a week; change insert once a week and lure once a month. How many traps? Detection Survey 1 trap per potato area. Non-Chemical Control Methods Cull Piles and Volunteer Potatoes. PTW thrives on potatoes. Elimination of cull potatoes and piles and control of volunteer potatoes will reduce your exposure to PTW populations. Irrigation. During mid to late season, apply irrigation water daily or often enough to keep the soil surface moist. Research in other areas of the world has shown that tuber infestations are greater when the soil is dry. Irrigating with 0.10 inches daily from vine kill to harvest decreased PTW damage and did not significantly increase tuber rot. Desiccation. PTW females prefer to lay eggs on potato foliage. When potato foliage starts to degrade and turn color, the risk of tuber infestation increases greatly. When should insecticides be applied for PTW? PTW tuber infestations increase as the amount of potato foliage in the canopy decreases. It is recommended that PTW control programs start no later than 4 weeks prior to desiccation/harvest. Chemical Controls Products that have been found to be effective for control of PTW in Washington 4 OSU-HAREC Irrigated Agricultural Entomology Program

5 and Oregon based on testing in 2004 and All rates are in formulated product per acre. Unless otherwise noted, the products discussed in this section were found to reduce the incidence of PTW larvae in the foliage to close to zero in a moderate pressure situation or significantly reduce larval populations in a high pressure situation. All treatments began approximately four to six weeks before desiccation. Rimon 0.83EC. Rimon applied at 9 and 12 oz provided effective control of PTW when applied at a 10 day interval by ground and chemigation. Avaunt. Avaunt was effective when applied by ground and chemigation at 7 day intervals at 3 and 5 oz. Avaunt applied by chemigation at desiccation and 7 days after desiccation was effective at reducing tuber infestation. Agri-Mek. Agri-Mek was effective when applied by ground at 7 day intervals at 10 oz. Asana. Asana was effective at 4 and 8 oz when applied by ground and chemigation at 7 to 10 day intervals. There is no indication that the higher rate is more effective. Lannate. Lannate applied by ground and chemigation at 1 and 2 pints at 5 day intervals was effective at controlling PTW. Imidan. Imidan at 1.3 and 2.5 pints applied by ground at 10-day intervals was effective against PTW. Success. Success was effective at 6 oz when applied by ground at a 7 day interval. Leverage. Leverage applied by ground and chemigation at 10 day intervals at 3.75 oz was effective against PTW. 1.5 ounces was effective when applied by chemigation at 10- day intervals. Hero. Hero was effective at 8 oz/a at 10 day intervals when applied by ground Assail. Based on the results of research trials in 2005, Assail is not recommended for PTW; however use of the product against other insect pests may reduce PTW populations. Penncap M. Penncap M applied at 4 pints at 10 day intervals by ground was effective against PTW. Dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis). Dipel at 1 pound per acre applied by ground in rotation with Entrust at 3 ounces per acre at 10-day intervals was effective in controlling PTW. Entrust was applied first and third and Dipel was applied second and fourth. 5 OSU-HAREC Irrigated Agricultural Entomology Program

6 Battalion. Battalion applied at 12.8 ounces per acre at 10 day intervals by ground and chemigation was effective in controlling PTW. Aza Direct. Aza Direct applied at 2 pints per acre at 10 day intervals by ground significantly reduced PTW populations. For more information contact Silvia Rondon silvia.rondon@oregonstate.edu 6 OSU-HAREC Irrigated Agricultural Entomology Program