What s New in Manure Equipment and Management

Transcription

1 What s New in Manure Equipment and Management Teng Lim and Joe Zulovich Agricultural Systems Management, Food Systems and Bioengineering, University of Missouri For Missouri Dairy Profit Seminars, Feb 23-27, 2015

2 Objectives New equipment vs. new management Removal of sludge from lagoons The 2014 Manure Expo at Springfield Improvement potential and opportunity Take home messages

3 My Question to you: Is manure management a challenge?

4 Mattress Freestalls Start Sand Bedded Freestalls Separated Sand For Bedding B Barn Slope % Scrape Potential Methane Generation System Slurry Manure Storage Gravity Type Manure Solids Separation and Storage Slurry Manure Manure Removal? Manure Solids Separation System? Liquid Solids Liquid A Freestall Flush Bed Selection? Manure Flush Removal? Scrape Barn Slope 2 3% Liquid Effluent (Irrigation type) Land Application Mechanical Manure Solids Separator Separated Manure Solids Storage Recycled Flush Water Anaerobic Lagoon Storage Required B Solids Dairy Manure System Selection Flowchart Version 2 Joe Zulovich A Gravity Type Sand/Solid Separation and Storage Basin Sand Liquid Solids Slurry and/or Solid Manure Land Application Barn Slope 2 3% Sand Separation Method? Sand Only Gravity Separation Liquid A Manure Solids Separation (Gravity or Mechanical) A Liquid Sand Yes Mechanical Type Sand Separator With Manure Solid Separation Potential B Solids Separated Manure Solids Storage Sand mixed into Slurry Manure Barn Slope % Separate Sand? Sand B No Sand Laden Manure Slurry Storage

5 Implications 2014 Dairy Farmer survey results Missouri Dairy Producers Needs Assessment, conducted by Commercial Ag. team What did we learn about the manure management?

6 Number of Responses What do dairy producers in your area need to be more successful? Source: Joe Horner & Ryan Milhollin

7 Number of Responses What is your greatest challenge on you dairy farm? Source: Joe Horner & Ryan Milhollin

8 Rate the quality of dairy infrastructure in your area Average Manure/lagoon spreading contractors 5% 30% 34% 14% 17% 3.06 Dairy equipment sales and service 16% 35% 28% 14% 7% 2.61 Dairy quality forage contractors 6% 31% 43% 8% 12% 2.88 Veterinary service with dairy expertise 37% 36% 17% 4% 6% 2.07 Dairy nutrition/ration consulting 19% 42% 29% 5% 5% 2.35 Extension dairy advice 21% 54% 16% 6% 3% 2.18 Milk hauling 41% 42% 8% 7% 1% 1.85 Cooperative field service 22% 49% 23% 3% 3% 2.16 General farm supplies and fertilizer 29% 56% 10% 4% 1% % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1- Excellent 2- Ok 3- Could be better 4- Worried about future 5- Big problem now Source: Joe Horner & Ryan Milhollin

9 Farm Expansion or New Farm Expansion or starting a new operation Need to consider the amount of manure or additional manure per year Need to consider the storage system, is it appropriate, enough for extra rain water? Land application: Equipment and labor to pump 10% of storage volume in one (1) working day Enough area for the nutrients

10 New Regulations 10 CSR Manure Storage Design Regulations? Only for permitted operations, class I. Class II for dairy = 210 to 699 head No Discharge Requirement Design Storage Period Recommend 365 day storage period Minimum 180 day storage period for land application manure

11 New Regulations For uncovered liquid manure storages with <365 day storage capacity, does AFO have: At least 50% ownership of land application equipment At least 50% of annual land application area At least 50% annual land application area in permanent, perennial vegetation Equipment and labor to pump 10% of storage volume in one (1) working day For anaerobic lagoons without an impermeable cover, 365 day design storage period.

12 Number of suitable fieldwork days Source: MU Guide G362, Days Suitable for Fieldwork in Missouri

13 Reasons to Consider Custom Application Efficiency Experience and expertise Follow NMPs Insurance Accident Runoff, spill, discharge, fish killed Investment of equipment and personnel

14 New Equipment/Management? Recycle sand Solid/liquid separation Recycle water, byproduct production Anaerobic digestion

15 Consider Upgrading Equipment? Freestall Barn Side Aisle 15

16 Consider Upgrading of Equipment? Free-stall barn manure scraping Flushing in the milking center 16

17 Consider Upgrading Equipment? Automated cable pulled scraper V-shaped mechanical blade 17

18 Sand/Solid Separation?

19 The Right Equipment/Management?

20 The Right Equipment/Management?

21 How to Remove Solid/Sand in Storage? Sand or solid build up over the years Working volume of lagoon or storage decrease Problems? How to reclaim the design storage? 21

22 Solid in the Lagoon?

23 Using a Lagoon Agitator? What we demonstrated at the 2014 Manure Expo 23

24 What we demonstrated at the 2014 Manure Expo 24

25 Using a Lagoon Dredge? Photo credit: David Paisley 25

26 How Does Lagoon Dredge Work? Photo credit:

27 Draghose and Surface Application 27

28 Tanker and Injection 28

29 Side-dressing Manure 29

30 Large Scale Anaerobic Digester Manure removed by scraper Manure from holding barn flushed Biogas provide electricity for the farm Manure is irrigated/injected into land Separated digested solids (SDS) used as bedding in freestall barns Odor control What s the right size farm for AD? Compatible with my farm? 30

31 Methane Generation Electricity Generators 31

32 Anaerobic Digester System at MU 32

33 Flaring of AD Biogas

34 Take Home Messages Pay enough attention to manure storage and management, especially when expanding and starting new Consider hiring professionals Before improving/upgrading system, consider budget and local services Every farm is different, consult with folks before making decision Let s improve manure management, and minimize nutrient losses 34

35 Thank you! Questions?