Feed the Future Food Security Innovation Center

Transcription

1 Feed the Future Food Security Innovation Center

2 USAID s New Food Security Innovation Center: Research Programs and Partnerships Mississippi State University, January 28, 2014 Rob Bertram, USAID Bureau for Food Security

3 The Global Challenge Almost one billion people suffer from chronic hunger More than 3.5 million children die from undernutrition each year The world s population will increase to more than 9 billion by 2050 Food production will have to increase by 60-70% to feed the world Competition for resources: land, water, energy Uncertainty: climate change

4 Global Food Prices Source: FAO

5 How we work Country-led Focus on Women and Gender Integrate Nutrition and Agriculture Support Sustainable Intensification Increase Economic Resilience Strengthen Capacity of Local Institutions M&E to support real-time learning Impact analysis to build a strong evidence base

6 What we do 1. Help farmers produce more 2. Help farmers get more food to market 3. Support Research & Development to improve smallholder agriculture in a changing climate 4. Strengthen Regional Trade 5. Create a better Policy Environment 6. Improve Access to Nutritious Food and Nutrition Services

7 Defining FTF Research Priorities Using poverty & nutrition lens: Identify key production systems where hunger and poverty are significant Prevalence Sub-national poverty ca (<$1.25/day) Source: Stan Wood et al. (IFPRI) Number

8 Child stunting Source: USAID and IFPRI, Harvest Choice maps

9 Overarching Goal: Sustainable Intensification Three research themes: Advancing the productivity frontier Transforming key production systems Improving nutrition and food safety Anchored by key geographies: Indo-gangetic plains in South Asia Sudano-sahelien systems in West Africa Maize and livestock mixed systems in East and Southern Africa Ethiopian highlands Research Strategy

10 Research Priorities Longer-Term Investments Near-Term Impact Longer-term Research - Major Themes 1. Heat and drought tolerant, climate adapted cereals 2. Advanced technology solutions for animal and plant diseases 3. Legume productivity for improved nutrition and incomes Application of Advanced Research for Productivity and Resilience - Policy, social science and nutrition research (e.g. utilization of food) - Increased availability and access to high quality foods for improved diets (animal sourced food, horticulture, aflatoxin control) Sustainable Intensification of Key Production Systems Complement Mission investments in select value chains Integrate component technologies, policies, social sciences, nutrition South Asia Indo- Gangetic Plains Maize-mixed East & Southern Africa Sudano- Sahelian West Africa Ethiopian Highlands Bangladesh Tanzania Ghana Ethiopia

11 Feed the Future Food Security Innovation Center Created in response to BIFAD CRSP study recommendations Leads USAID s implementation of FTF Research Strategy in seven priority research areas Encourages a multi-disciplinary approach, better linkages among related projects, cross-project learning and management efficiencies Engages U.S. universities, international research centers, private sector, local agricultural research and educational institutions, think tanks

12 Challenge: Increase cereal yields and adaption to climate change for improved feed and fodder production Cereals account for approximately two-thirds of all human energy intake An estimated 1.2 billion poor people depend on wheat Solutions: Invest in development and dissemination of improved cereals Take advantage of emerging biotech and genomic tools Partner with private R&D companies and US universities Leverage BMGF investments Improve fodder quality for dual purpose use Example Projects: Rice, wheat, maize, dryland cereal CRPs WSU Improved Wheat for Heat Tolerance and Climate Resilience UC Davis Abiotic Stress Tolerant Millet Program for Research on Climate Resilient Cereals

13 Program for Research on Legume Productivity Challenge: Increase productivity and availability of legumes Abiotic stresses decrease legume yields by up to 40% Pests and diseases can decrease yields by up to 35% The grain legume value chain directly benefits women, especially in Africa Solutions: Elevate legumes as major investment area under the research strategy Tackle yield, climate resilience and biotic stresses for staple legumes Utilize private sector knowledge and skill in transgenic and emerging genomic tools Example Projects: Grain Legumes Innovation Lab Peanut & Mycotoxins Innovation Lab Soy Value Chain Innovation Lab AATF Bt Cowpea CGIAR Grain Legumes CRP

14 Challenge: Protect animals and tropical staples from major pests and diseases Plant diseases on major food crops cause up to 40% of pre-harvest losses Over 90% of the world s wheat acreage is susceptible to wheat stem rusts Over 1.6 billion families depend on livestock for their income and nutrition Solutions: Leverage US science and leadership in advanced genomic/biotech tools Utilize transgenic tools for critical plant diseases Build public sector capacity to use biotech tools Example Projects: Virus Resistant Cassava for Africa East Coast Fever vaccine development (USDA) Venganza Wheat Stem Rust & Mycotoxins Late blight resistant potato New disease resistant livestock program Program for Advanced Approaches to Combat Pests and Diseases

15 Program for Research on Safe and Nutritious Foods Challenge: Sustainably increase production and consumption of highly nutritious foods and diversify diets Fruits, vegetables and animal source foods provide critical micronutrients for child development One third of children under five in low income countries are stunted Half of all children and pregnant women are anemic Solutions: Nutrition research on behavior, food utilization and household dynamics Research on production/consumption biofortified and nutrient-rich crops Develop options to strengthen post harvest handling and food safety Invest in horticulture, animal sourced food value chains Example Projects: Meat, Milk & Fish and Nutrition CRPs Horticulture, Livestock, AquaFish & Nutrition Innovation Labs World Vegetable Center

16 Program for Policy and Markets Research and Support Challenge: Create supportive agricultural policy environments Help countries embrace predictable, inclusive, evidence-based and transparent policy formulation and implementation Solutions: Work with host-country governments and multilateral institutions to improve enabling policy environments Address land and natural resource governance and resilience policy, nutrition policy constraints. Improve function of and access to markets Example Projects: Feed the Future Policy Plan Assets and Market Access Innovation Lab Program for Biosafety Systems New Alliance partnerships

17 Program for Human and Institutional Capacity Development Challenge: Professional and organizational capacities are inadequate to address agricultural challenges and opportunities Public agricultural institutions are weak Private sector needs skilled employees Experienced faculty and managers are retiring Women hold few management positions Solutions: Strengthen human and institutional capital base Support best practice development Support women in agricultural research Develop human skills through fellowships and long-term degree training Example Projects: InnovATE Agricultural Training & Education African Women in Agricultural Research and Development (AWARD) Borlaug Higher Education for Agricultural Research and Development

18 Program for Sustainable Intensification Challenge: Fundamentally Transform Key Production Systems In Africa, 65% of agricultural land suffers from physical and chemical degradation African cereal and milk yields are less than half the global average Solutions: Integrate research outputs, policy and nutrition in production systems Focus multiple interventions within targeted geographic areas Diversify major production systems with improved crops and animals Evaluate and disseminate improved soil and water management practices Example Projects: Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab Africa RISING Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia Sustainable Agriculture and NRM Innovation Lab

19 Program for Sustainable Intensification

20 rea Area Total Factor Productivity Growth Makes Land More Productive Yield South Asia Yield Sub-Saharan Africa

21 Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on: Adapting Livestock Systems to Climate Change Colorado State Aquaculture & Fisheries - Oregon State University Assets & Market Access University of California, Davis Grain Legumes - Michigan State University Horticulture University of California, Davis Integrated Pest Management Virginia Polytechnic Nutrition Tufts University Peanut & Mycotoxin University of Georgia Sorghum & Millet Kansas State University Sustainable Agriculture & Natural Resource Management Virginia Polytechnic

22 CGIAR Consortium

23 USAID FTF Research RFA Title XII: Engaging U.S. universities in 6 priority focus areas Thematic Partnerships: Enhanced roles, new program areas Expanded institutional involvement Public-private/international alliances Target subject areas: Climate resilient crops (cereals, legumes, soy value chains) Livestock health and climate resilience Small-scale irrigation Post-harvest loss reduction Policy

24 Soy Emerging crop for African smallholders Priority in FTF research strategy & FTF countries Nutrition emphasis (food/feed) Beyond utilization to whole value chain Key traits for wider use (diseases, abiotic stress, etc.) Consortium: UIUC, UMo, MSU

25 Livestock: Climate and Disease Advanced Research Vaccine development Genomic analysis Genetics: Newcastle Disease in chickens African swine fever Heat/drought tolerance Target diseases: African Swine Fever, Bovine Pleuropneumonia, Rift Valley Fever, Trypanosomiasis, Peste des Petit Ruminants

26 Post-Harvest Losses Grain handling and storage Cold-chain management: meat, fish Breaking down SPS barriers Controlling post-harvest pests/disease Food preservation, esp. by women

27 Water and Food Security Intersection Small-scale Irrigation Small-scale technologies and practices Utilization of groundwater Water quality/water-use trade-offs Access to irrigation technologies Links to development investments/implementation Risk-reduction Livestock opportunities

28 FTF Innovation Lab on Sustainable Intensification e-forum Topics: Agricultural Systems Analysis Ensuring Rigorous Science & Data Management Scientific & Local Knowledge Integration & Scaling Out Integrated Productivity & Natural Resource Management Comparative Advantage of U.S. Universities Summary Report:

29 FTF Innovation Lab on Integrated Pest Management e-forum Topics: IPM Research & Programmatic Focus Human & Institutional Capacity Development for IPM Research Transfer of IPM Technologies to the Field: Reaching Farmers at Scale Comparative Advantage of U.S. Universities Summary Report:

30 Biotechnology in Agriculture Complexity Science, Partnership, Public-Private, Consumers 1.Science-Innovation-Use value/linkage chain 2.Risk Management/Regulatory 3.Stakeholder analysis 4.Credibility 5.Constancy Need to be there Trust 6.Approach to engagement 7.Govt-Civil Society Interactions 30

31 Biotechnology potential in smallholder agriculture Where does biotechnology add value in sustainable intensification? Tolerance to higher temperatures (including modifying transpiration) Improved photosynthetic efficiency (on the longer horizon) Improved nutritional quality through biofortification of cereals/legumes (including as fodder) Reduce tillage through biotech-enabled weed management More efficient uptake of water, including tolerance to moderate drought More efficient usage of soil nitrogen (both organic and synthetic) Tolerant of more saline soils & brackish water (including removing salt from soils)

32 Partnership critical for AR4D Civil Society Public Sector Private Sector AR4D

33 Research along the value chain On-farm productivity research Postharvest handling/marketing research Utilization research Breeding Agronomy Farm animal management Crop Protection/Animal Health Technology adoption research Economics of: Harvest practices Storage End-user market opportunities/quality requirements Developing new processes/products Addressing nutrition goals with food technology and recipe formulation Partner outreach in each area facilitates technology uptake

34 Gender in Value Chains Gender equity enhances competitiveness Social context important Changes affect gender roles Diagnose gender-based constraints Include men in decision-making Enhance women s roles from production through to marketing

35 New Alliance for Food Security & Nutrition Launched at 2012 G8 Summit at Camp David Commitment by G8 members, African countries & private sector partners Goal: Lift 50 million people out of poverty over the next 10 years Technology Platform to accelerate adoption of technologies. Scaling Seeds and Technologies partnership Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to advance technology adoption

36 Scaling Technologies Remarks by Administrator Rajiv Shah to the CGIAR Board of Directors Friday, December 7, 2012 Nearly fifty years ago, when USAID Administrator William Gaud coined the term Green Revolution, he was speaking not just about t he new varieties of wheat and rice, but about the vast potential of agricultural technology to open new frontiers in development. It wasn t long before the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) was formed. The CGIAR was a response to a growing recognition that a worldwide network of agricultural research centers was needed to carry on the ideals of the Green Revolution. Today, we have technologies that can help farmers grow more productive crops and improve water management. The evidence base is growing around a select number of technologies that if taken to scale can impact tens of millions of lives. But those technologies are not reaching nearly enough farmers.

37 Scaling Up Plans Technology Matrices FtF Portfolio Reviews/ Mission Input Country Investment Plans Country Technology Scaling Strategies Action Plans defined (1) Pathway/steps in scaling (2) Key agents (3) Targets and timeline for scaling (4) Results on income/food security Scaling strategies defined (1) Key scalable technologies (2) Constraints to adoption (3) Gender aspects of technology Policy? Existing Programs? Partnership Opportunities? Scaling Action Plans 37

38 Please See our Feed the Future Website Thank You!