Economics of producing forage on cropland
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1 Economics of producing forage on cropland Jay Parsons Biosystems Ag Economist Daren Redfearn Forage Specialist Mary Drewnoski Beef Systems Specialist
2 What Does Not Growing Corn Get You? Reduced costs You don t have to pay the cost of growing corn Reduced revenue You don t get to sell corn grain You don t get to rent out corn stalks (or graze them yourself)
3 What Does Growing Forage Get You? Increased costs You have to pay to establish and use the forage Increased revenue You can reap the benefits of having the forage available
4 Partial Budget Analysis Positive things Increased revenues Reaping the benefits of the forage available Negative things Increased costs You have to pay to establish and use the forage Decreased costs You don t have to pay the cost of growing corn Decreased revenues You don t get to sell corn grain You don t get to rent out corn stalks (or graze)
5 What Does Not Growing Corn Get You? Reduced costs You don t have to pay the cost of growing corn
6 Partial Budget Analysis Risk Scenario Planning tool from the RightRisk Education Team
7 Pasture rental rates
8 Example annual forage system Annual forage system A East-central Nebraska (irrigated land) 100 cow/calf pairs on 140 acres Grazing Mid-May through Mid-November 183 days of grazing (6 months)
9 Assumptions Forage (seeding rate, lb/ac) Spring coolseason Summer warmseason Fall cool-season Field 1 Field 2 Field 1 Oats Sudangrass Oats (60) and (100) (20) Turnip (3) Acres/pair Plant date Mid-March Mid-May Mid-July Grazing start date Mid-May Mid-July Late September Tons of forage Grazing effeciency, % Days of grazing Nitrogen, lbs/ac Irrigation, inch/ac 1 5 2
10 Estimated costs Spring Summer Fall Seed, $/ac $22.00 $16.00 $18.00 Seeding, $/ac $15.00 $15.00 $15.00 Fertilizer $0.32/lb), $/ac $12.80 $25.60 $12.80 Irrigation (pivot $9.63/inch), $/ac $9.63 $48.15 $19.26 Fencing (at $10/ac), $/ac $5.00 $10.00 $5.00 Forage cost, $/ac $64.43 $ $70.06 Forage cost, $/pair/month $25.13 $41.48 $27.32 Total cost, $/ac $ Interest on operating capital, $/ac $3.39 System forage cost, $/pair $ System forage cost, $/pair/month $28.75
11
12 Can I afford to pay cash rent? (don t normally farm) Cost, $/ac $ Interest on operating capital, $/ac $3.39 Cash rent $ Total cost, $/ac $ Cost per pair (@1.4 ac/pair) $ System forage cost, $/pair/month $86.71
13 Establishment Cost for Irrigated, Perennial Pasture Establishment cost item $/acre Grass seed mixture $70 Burn-down herbicide (glyphosate + application) $10 No-till drill seeding $14 Starter fertilizer ( ) $18 Fall irrigation (3 $6/inch) $18 TOTAL $ Budget 47-Grass, Fall established (No-till)
14 Establishment Cost for Irrigated, Perennial Pasture Fencing/water development cost item (5 paddocks) $/acre Perimeter fencing (2-wire HTE & energizer) $60 Cross-fencing (1-wire HTE) $30 Livestock water (tank, hydrant & underground) $26 TOTAL $116
15 Annual Operating Cost for Irrigated, Perennial Pasture Fertilization/irrigation cost item $/acre Fertilizer (160 lb N/acre) $72 Irrigation (12 inches) $72 Maintenance $20 TOTAL $ Budget 52-Pasture, Grazing (11 AUM)
16 Cost for Irrigated, Perennial Pasture Annual operating + amortized establishment costs $ 1 year $ years $ years $ years $ years $ years $191.80
17 Irrigated pasture annual returns Returns $55/pair/month) $/acre 1.25 pair/acre, 6 months (11.25 AUM/acre) $412 1 pair/acre, 6 months (9 AUM/acre) $ pair/acre, 6 months ( 6.75 AUM/acre) $247 Returns $45/pair/month) $/acre 1.25 pair/acre, 6 months (11.25 AUM/acre) $337 1 pair/acre, 6 months (9 AUM/acre) $ pair/acre, 6 months ( 6.75 AUM/acre) $202
18
19 Oats/brassica after corn silage Forage (seeding rate, lb/ac) Oats (60) and Turnip (3) Acres/pair 0.50 Plant date Mid-August-Early Sept Grazing start date Late October Tons of forage produced 1 to 2 Grazing effeciency, % 50 Days of grazing 50 Nitrogen, lbs/ac 40 Irrigation, inch/ac 2 Costs Seed, $/ac $18.00 Seeding, $/ac $15.00 Fertilizer $0.32/lb), $/ac $12.80 Irrigation (piviot $9.63/inch), $/ac $19.26 Fencing (at $10/ac), $/ac $5.00 Forage cost, $/ac $70.06 Forage cost, $/pair/month $21.02
20 Rye in corn/bean systems Forage (seeding rate, lb/ac) Rye (70) Acres/pair 1.00 Plant date Late-October (previous fall) Grazing start date Early-April Tons of forage produced 2.0 Grazing effeciency, % 50 Days of grazing 35 Nitrogen, lbs/ac 40 Irrigation, inch/ac 1 Costs Seed, $/ac $18.20 Seeding, $/ac $15.00 Fertilizer $0.32/lb), $/ac $12.80 Irrigation (piviot $9.63/inch), $/ac $9.63 Fencing (at $10/ac), $/ac $5.00 Forage cost, $/ac $60.63 Forage cost, $/pair/month $51.97
21 More Information Beef.unl.edu/cropland
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