CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN MALAWI
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1 CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN MALAWI John Mussa Director of Land Resources Conservation
2 Agricultural Sector Contributes about 39% of GDP, Provides 87% of the total employment, Contributes more than 90% of the foreign exchange earnings. Mainly rain-fed farming Dominated by smallholder farmers Landholding: ha per H/H Staple foods: Maize, cassava
3 Challenges of agricultural production Land degradation Declining soil fertility & severe soil erosion Unreliable rainfall Reduced growing period, dry spells & floods Post harvest losses 30 to 40 per cent because of pests: LGB in Maize These & others adversely affect attainment of food security 2015/16 Maize requirement: 3,205,135 metric tons Maize production: 2,431,313 metric tons Maize deficit : 1,072,461 metric tons
4 Ensuring food security More productive farming practices Resilient to impacts of climate change Low production costs farming system Sustainable farming practices THEREFORE: Malawi Govt. embraced CSA after being inspired by the UN FAO CSA is a farming system that: Sustainably increase productivity Build resilience and capacity of agriculture to climate change Mitigate emissions of GHG and increase carbon sequestration Promotion of CSA practices is in consistent with the ASWAp
5 ASWAp Developed by GoM with Donor support to achieve agric. growth and poverty reduction as a priority area of MGDS Is in consistent with the CAADP Focus areas: Food Security and risk reduction Commercial agric., agro-processing & Mkt Dev Sustainable Agricultural Land and Water Management (SALWM) Support areas: Technology generation and dissemination Institutional strengthen and capacity development
6 SALWM strategic objectives Sustainable Agriculture Land Management Sustainable Agricultural Water Management & irrigation development Sustainable management of effects of climate change Mitigate effects of dry spells/droughts and floods Adopt appropriate technologies to combat drought These objectives have Action Areas that facilitate promotion of CSA practices
7 Facilitating adoption Policies and strategies Mw. Growth Development strategy National Agriculture Policy (Draft) Sustainable Agric Productivity Increased investment in CSA National Climate Change Policy Decentralization Policy National Environment and Climate Change communication Strategy Malawi Resilience Master Plan (Draft) Fertilizer policy (Draft)
8 Facilitating adoption Coordination Malawi CSA Alliance Scooping study: Who is practicing CSA & where? Mw. Is a member to GACSA NCATF CARWG Agf. Steering Committee Rainwater Harvesting Association of Mw. Technical Working Groups SALWM, TG&D, Steering and Technical Committees on CC
9 Facilitating adoption Investments Gov & Donor Funded Projects CSA: Capturing the synegies between mitigation, adaptation and food security (FAO) Capacity Building for Manageing CC in Mw. (LUANAR) Lake Chirwa Basin CC Adaptation Programme (LEAD) Sustainable Agricultural Productivity programme
10 CSA practices Manure (Compost animal) Annual campaign Manure Extension Manual Conservation Agriculture (CA) National Guidelines on CA CA Calendar Radio Programmes Agro-forestry Field manuals National Tree Planting &Management /Agf. Week
11 CSA Practices Rainwater Harvesting Training Manual Suitable Crop Varieties High yielding varieties Early maturing varieties Drought resistant PPP: Gov. Scientists & Seed Cos. Distributors : Agro-dealers FISP
12 Conclusion Best CSA package involves combination of various farming practices. Malawi has experienced: CAWT: CA practices with Agro-forestry Pit planting: Rainwater harvesting, organic manure/chemical fertilizers and soil cover However, more research and development work is required on appropriate CSA packages for different agro-ecological zones Availability of government policies, strategies and investment framework will facilitate effective scaling up of CSA practices. Need to review old agricultural policies formulated before CC became a global concern
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