PRACTICAL IPM a.k.a. How I Learned to Love the Bugs

Transcription

1 PRACTICAL IPM a.k.a. How I Learned to Love the Bugs On The Agenda What is IPM I m doing IPM? I think I am IPM ing? I m an IPM er? Levelling UP! IPM Style! Tools You Can Use or Making Time to Sleep! 1

2 WHAT IS IPM? What is IPM? IPM is an ecosystem wide, information based approach to long term prevention and management of multiple, simultaneous pests through proper research, identification, record keeping, and judicious use of controls while endeavouring to maintain the integrity of and reduce risk to the surrounding environment in an economically feasible manner. 2

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4 What is IPM? pest management/integrated pest management/ I M DOING IPM? I THINK I AM IPM ING? I M AN IPM ER? Or How to Stop Worrying and Start Scouting! 4

5 Adapted from IPM in Practice: Principles and Methods of Integrated Pest Management by Mary Louise Flint Where do you stand? Level Level Level Level

6 Level 1 Pest Management Hobbit You generally use good agronomic practices and some farm sanitation You scout for your dominant pests You calibrate, operate, and clean your sprayer like you re supposed to You treat your crop based on the what the calendar says, the stage the crop is at or whether you find a pest Level 2 Lygus Eating Leprechaun You incorporate some preventative practices like short rotations, disease/insect resistant cultivars, or use cultivation You scout for problems and spray when you hit your threshold using selective pesticides You try to avoid or delay resistance or secondary pests You incorporate traps for major pests and you visually scout for minor pests and beneficials You treat based on trying to minimize risk to beneficials and non target species 6

7 Level 3 BMSB Blackbelt You think about multiple ways to solve one problem You take away homes for pests and you increase biodiversity You re using resistant varieties, cover crops, and longer rotations You monitor the crop stage and relation to the season and the weather patterns You use biorational (biological) pesticides You try to enhance beneficials and use soil amendments You incorporate insect and disease forecasting models You scout AND trap for major pests and beneficials You adjust thresholds based on how active beneficials are Level 4 Ecoystem Jedi You rely on preventative practices to keep pest populations low You rotate crops through the long term and look at how multiple crops interact You enhance plant health and soil quality in a bunch of ways You scout your fields to determine optimal timing for beneficial release You enhance and conserve beneficials and their habitat You incorporate microbial biocontrol for root diseases You develop thresholds for releasing/using beneficials and biopesticides 7

8 LEVELLING UP! IPM STYLE! a.k.a But I m a Hobbit and I want to be a Jedi IPM As a Toolbox 8

9 But in Reality kubota tool chest Refresher Time! Cultural Mechanical/Physical Biological Chemical 9

10 Cultural Controls Setup an IPM program! Read, research, and learn Adopt thresholds for key pests (or here) Consider using a checklist Soil test Adapt fertility regime to rotation (crops before or after) Farmscaping making use of natures pest management services/ content/blogs.dir/1/files/2015/02/seedvalentine 1024x x438.jpg/ Mechanical/Physical Controls Use a mulch product (poly, paper, biodegradable, geotextile, etc.) Consider crop covers, shade cloth, or low tunnels Investigate high tunnels Flame weeding Consider using a trap crop Pheromone or sticky traps 10

11 Biological Controls Learn about beneficials in your field Consider effect of crop treatments on beneficial organisms Use biorational products Scout for beneficial insects Trap for beneficials Look at introducing and augmenting beneficials Chemical Controls Use as a last resort! Use soft chemicals when possible Read labels and don t extrapolate! Know your nozzles Calibrate that sprayer! Buy yourself a gauge Sprayers101.com content/uploads/2015/05/st_tips.jpg 11

12 TOOLS YOU CAN USE Or Making Time to Sleep There is NOT an app for that Cropalyse Limited to Beets, Brassicas, Carrots and Onions Free! The Greenhouse Scout Mobile App Limited to greenhouse $$$$ Annnnndddddd 12

13 Websites! UC Statewide IPM Program New York State Integrated Pest Management Michigan State University IPM Ontario CropIPM Vineland s greenhouseipm.org BioBest Side Effect Manual University of Delaware University of Maryland Books General IPM in Practice: Principles and Methods of Integrated Pest Management Mary Louise Flint Natural Enemies Handbook Mary Louise Flint Greenhouse IPM with an Emphasis on Biocontrols Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program Commercial Vegetable Production on the Prairies Alberta Agriculture and Forestry 13

14 Books Insects Knowing and Recognizing: The biology of glasshouse pests and their natural enemies M. H. Malais and W. J. Ravensberg Tree and shrub insects of the prairie provinces W.G.H. Ives and H.R. Wong Potato Field Guide: Insects, Diseases and Defects Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food Commercial Vegetable Production on the Prairies Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Books Diseases Vegetable Diseases: A Colour Handbook Steven T. Koike, Peter Gladders, Albert O. Paulus Diseases and Pests of Vegetable Crops in Canada Ronald J. Howard, J. Allan Garland, W. Lloyd Seaman Potato Field Guide: Insects, Diseases and Defects Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food Commercial Vegetable Production on the Prairies Alberta Agriculture and Forestry 14

15 Books Weeds Plants of Alberta: Trees, Shrubs, Wildflowers, Ferns, Aquatics Plants & Grasses France Royer and Richard Dickinson Weeds of North America Richard Dickinson and France Royer Weeds of the Prairies Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Weed Seedling Guide Alberta Agriculture and Forestry QUESTIONS? Weeds? Insects? Marriage? Career? Salmon or steak? 15