Japan and CGIAR: Partnering for Impact. Jonathan Wadsworth, Head of the CGIAR Fund Office

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1 Japan and CGIAR: Partnering for Impact Jonathan Wadsworth, Head of the CGIAR Fund Office

2 Food Security 870 million people are chronically undernourished Yet 75% of these people live in rural areas they are mostly farmers Inadequate technology and outdated agricultural practices limit farmers potential

3 Total Population (Billions) Importance of Food Security Food is one of our most basic human needs, and rapid population growth has increased global demand - but the increase in total arable land worldwide has been minimal World Population 7 billion people in 2010 Arable Land Estimated 9 billion in 2050, which will require 70% additional food production 3,000 2,700 2,400 2,100 1,800 1,500 1, Total Arable Land (Hectares) Feeding the world will increasingly depend upon more efficient use of available resources

4 Agricultural Land (million km 2 ) Developing World Focus And the greatest opportunities are in developing countries Global Agricultural Land vs. Cereal Yield 2009 & 2010 World Bank Data 14 7, ON) 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) 0 E. Asia & Pacific Sub- Saharan Africa Europe & Central Asia Latin America & Caribbean North America Middle East & N. Africa South Asia 0

5 Research & Innovation by CGIAR Is Vital to Feeding the World & Protecting the Planet CGIAR is uniquely positioned to sustainably reduce poverty & hunger: Only global agricultural research body producing top-level science to meet needs of poor smallholder farmers in developing countries Research results are global public goods, freely available to all Global leader on agriculture & climate change research Proven track record of large-scale development impacts Focus on gender, partnerships & capacity building ensures that research results benefit and empower poor farmers & women

6 CGIAR: Generating World-Class Science & Technology for Major Development Impact A world without CGIAR: A study by Evenson and Gollin shows: Developing countries would be producing 7-8% less food Up to 13 million more hectares would be under cultivation, significantly increasing GHG emissions & global warming Per capita food consumption in the developing world would be 5% lower million more children would be malnourished

7 CGIAR s Proven Track Record over 40+ Years: Agricultural R&D for the Benefit of the Poor Scuba rice survives under water for 2 weeks+ during major flooding with a yield advantage of 1-3 tons/ha; private sector partnerships led to unprecedented adoption rates New sorghum varieties increased average grain & fodder yields by 40% & 20% respectively, leading to 50% rise in smallholders incomes Super Tilapia has increased fish yields by up to 80% in Asian countries, significantly improving incomes & nutrition of the poor Drought-tolerant maize has increased farmers yields by 20-30%, benefiting 20 million people in 13 African countries Biofortified orange sweet potato greatly increased vitamin A intake of women & children in Uganda & Mozambique to improve nutrition & health

8 Value for Money: CGIAR Research Is Extremely Cost-Effective Spending on agricultural research offers high rates of return of about 40% 60%; higher than any other development investment CGIAR Research: Returns on investment For each $1 invested, at least $17 worth of additional food is produced in developing countries Crop improvement research, rates of return: Latin America = 39% Asia and the Middle East & North Africa = over 100% Overall economic benefits of CGIAR conservatively estimated at $14 billion far surpass investments

9 Need for a New Approach to Achieve Bigger and Better Impact External challenges Increasing global population & urbanization Rising costs for food, feed & fuel Worsening water scarcity, land degradation, and climate change Underinvestment in agricultural research for the public good Internal challenges Lack of CGIAR-wide priorities & strategy Duplication of research and fragmentation of funding Need for stronger governance and greater accountability Getting research results off the shelf and into the hands of those who need them most

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11 CGIAR Research Programs: Value for Money Legally binding performance contracts link funding to results to ensure CRPs deliver impact Rigorous M&E, including Independent Evaluation Arrangement to assess CRPs progress & results System-wide and CRP gender strategies ensure that research benefits and empowers poor rural women First-ever Intellectual Assets Policy harnesses the strength of all partners, including the private sector, to disseminate technologies with greater speed and scale

12 CGIAR Research Programs: Benefits & Impact Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security: Climate-Smart Villages are piloting technologies and innovations to help farmers adapt to climate change, build resilience and reduce GHG emissions, while increasing incomes & food security. Forests, Trees and Agroforestry: In West Africa, CGIAR has partnered with Mars Inc. to improve farmers livelihoods by developing improved cocoa varieties that yield up to four times more, securing markets for agroforestry products, and quantifying the potential of trees on farms for climate change adaptation & mitigation. Agriculture for Nutrition and Health: Farmers are growing nutrient-rich, climate proof crops (e.g., vitamin A maize in Zambia and iron-rich pearl millet in India) that are drought or heat tolerant, virus resistant & high yielding.

13 Partnership Outcomes: The results of the collaboration Collaborative work has evolved over the years spanning a variety of research topics. Research has demonstrated that improved rice technology has significantly impacted poverty in amongst marginal farmers. Work is shifting towards improved breeding and varieties that are able to better withstand increasingly challenging conditions being caused by climate change. Some examples are: Climate Change Adaptation in Rainfed Rice Areas (CCARA) Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP)

14 Partnership for Results: Japanese Support in the Rice Sector Japan s support to CGIAR has been strategically focused on rice. This makes sense from a food security point of view: approximately 3 billion people depend on rice as their staple food. As a long term partner of IRRI, Japan has provided well over $90 million in financial support since 1971, with continuous representation on the IRRI Board of Directors Japan s partnership is multidimensional, involving a variety of Government institutions, including the MAFF, MOFA, MOF, JIRCAS & JICA

15 Strategic Partnership: MAFF - AFFRC priorities and support Projects focused on increasing agricultural productivity and production: food yams in Africa and the introduction of appropriate cowpea varieties are examples Addressing climate change issues, such as the Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Irrigated Rice Paddies (MIRSA-2) working across Asia to save water and mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases Again, as other Japanese partners, MAFF works with a variety of different CGIAR centers, including IWMI, IRRI, ICRISAT, IITA and AfricaRice

16 The Japan Rice Breeding Project JRB is an innovative project, supported by the Policy & Human Resources Development Fund (PHRD) Focused on modernizing breeding programs at IRRI and AfricaRice Helping to develop new varieties that meet the needs of the poorest rice farmers and consumers in the world

17 The Japan Rice Breeding Project: The results thus far Through JRB, 5 improved varieties have been introduced in Burundi, Mozambique & Tanzania 88 new stress-tolerant varieties have been developed for Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Indonesia, Vietnam, Myanmar & the Philippines Rice breeding infrastructure has been upgraded at both IRRI and AfricaRice; this makes it possible for CGIAR scientists and researchers to map traits in rice varieties far quicker than before

18 Strategic Partnership: JICA Support for CGIAR JICA, along with AGRA, has taken the lead in developing the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) Season-Long Rice Farming Extension Program organized by JICA in collaboration with IRRI and PhilRice JICA, in collaboration with JST, supports a SATREPS research project on the expansion of rice production in Columbia that is being implemented by CIAT JICA Research Institute collaboration with IFPRI

19 Strategic Partnership: JIRCAS Support for CGIAR IRRI is working in partnership with Japan on molecular breeding techniques to develop high yielding varieties under unfavorable conditions based on work carried out with JIRCAS and RIKEN The Climate Change Adaptation in Rainfed Rice Areas (CCARA) is being developed with JIRCAS and JAMSTEC support JIRCAS and JICA are also founding members of Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) Japan-CGIAR Fellowship Program

20 TICAD V: CGIAR commitments The 5th Tokyo International Conference on African Development took place in June 2013 and focused on accelerating growth while addressing poverty/vulnerability reduction Most pertinent for CGIAR, TICAD V also highlighted the importance of the agricultural sector for economic development and food security To the credit of participants, a specific focus on small scale farmers and women is highlighted both in terms of the priorities and the results framework CGIAR centers were implicated and have been included in the results framework

21 Next Steps: Seizing Opportunities for Continuous Improvement Governance reforms: governance and management improvements will be made to the CGIAR system over the coming 18 months, helping to better align the system with the forthcoming 2 nd generation of CRPs. New SRF: A new SRF is being finalized based on Fund Council comments. This new SRF will sharpen the CGIAR s focus and sets out an ambitious research agenda for the system. CRP 2 nd call: Based on the agenda being outlined in the SRF, a CRP 2 nd call will be launched in the immediate future for a new generation of hard-hitting CRPs that will be developed in for start-up in Revised CGIAR-wide resource mobilization approach to increase coordination, coherence & funding opportunities and deliver up-front commitments to ensure financial stability and predictability.

22 Next Steps: The Strategy and Results Framework (SRF) SRF: the new SRF will guide the development and implementation of an ambitious and bold portfolio of 2 nd generation CRPs Strategic goals: (i) reduced poverty; (ii) improved food and nutrition security for health; and (iii) improved natural resource systems and ecosystem services Ambitious strategic targets: (i) 100 million fewer poor people; (ii)150 million fewer hungry people; and (iii)190 million ha of degraded land restored Gender focus: strategic targets all aim to ensure that at least 50% of targeted population is female

23 Thank you