The Government of Ethiopia s Food Security Programme

Transcription

1 The Government of Ethiopia s Food Security Programme PSNP & HABP components Social Protection South-South Learning Forum 2011, Addis Ababa, May 30 June 03

2 Structure of the Presentation Background Food Security Program PSNP HABP Graduation

3 Background- country context Population: 79.1 million Per capita Income USD 472 Population living below poverty line: 29.2% Good macro-economic growth, but many Ethiopians remain poor and vulnerable.

4 Background- Food security Food security is a key challenge caused by recurring droughts, floods, land degradation Population growth and low agricultural productivity poorly functioning markets, infrastructure About 15 million people vulnerable to food insecurity (8 m chronic & 7 m transitory).

5 Background- rational for FSP Relief cost high in aggregate Relief Assistance Saved lives - not livelihoods (Arrive late, not enough, inappropriate) Government launched a large scale consultation process in 2003 (The New Coalition for Food Security). The FSP was a result of this process and is currently being implemented in 318 chronically food insecure woredas.

6 Core objectives of the FSP Enabling chronically food insecure people to attain food security Significantly improve the food security situation of transitory food insecure people

7 FSP Pillars Four pillars of the Food Security Programme: The Productive Safety Net Programme The Household Asset Building Programme The Resettlement Programme The Complementary Community Investment Programme Donors are contributing funds to PSNP and HABP capacity building part only; Government funding other elements.

8 What is the PSNP? One component of the Government s Food Security Programme A Safety Net programme that provides transfers to CFI Households and builds community assets.. but also DRM and CCA!

9 Objective of PSNP To improve the Food security status for male and female members of food insecure households in CFI woredas in a way that prevents asset depletion at the household level and creates asset at the community level.

10 PSNP Phases Phase I: Transition from emergency system Phase II: Consolidation phase Phase III: Integration phase: Improved linkages Graduation

11 PSNP Outcome In chronically food insecure woredas: a. Food consumption assured and asset depletion prevented for food insecure households b. Markets stimulated and access to services and natural resources enhanced for PSNP and other households, and c. Natural environment rehabilitated and enhanced.

12 PSNP Intervention The programme has two components: A labour based public work component and A Direct Support component

13 Direct Support Ensures support to households who lack labour, have no other means of support and who are chronically food insecure DS households can participate in light community works such as community childcare centres at public works sites or nutrition education

14 PSNP Public Works Public Works develop sustainable community assets They improve the natural resource base and the social infrastructure Ultimately, aimed at developing the watersheds thereby increasing productivity and improving livelihoods

15 15 Public Works Planning Project planning by community based on Community-based Participatory Watershed Development principles Planning facilitated by Min of Agriculture Development Agents (DAs) Project technical designs by DAs and district government staff Public Works plans integrated into overall district planning framework

16 16 Major categories of PWs: NRM through SWC structures Rural roads construction & maintenance for better access to markets and other services Development of water resources for irrigation and consumption Social service infrastructures such as schools, clinics etc.

17 Percolation ponds for recharging underground water table

18 Check dams for water harvesting

19 Mini dams and river diversions 19

20 Institutional arrangements: Sharing of responsibility and co-ordination of activities between multiple actors DRMFSS overall responsibility for the Food Security programme; FSCD responsible for PSNP implementation; NRMD responsible for public works in PSNP; EWRD responsible for RFM; AED responsible for HABP.

21 Coordination & Management 21 Use of country systems, existing GOE structure Program is aligned with national priorities Avoids parallel implementations structures One pooled account and channel for FM Agreed performance targets MOU to define roles and responsibilities Government and donors coordination mechanisms (JSOC, JTC, DWGs, DCT, JRIS, RRT, FSTF at district and community levels) Jointly agreed M&E systems (reviews, studies,)

22 22 Many Donors Harmonized Currently there are 10 PSNP Development Partners CIDA, DFID, Danida, EU, Irish Aid, SIDA, The Netherlands, USAID (NGOs), WFP, World Bank

23 PSNP scale & coverage 8.3 Million people (80 % PW and 20% DS clients) 8 regions (out of 10) 318 Districts

24 PSNP Locations in Ethiopia 24

25 Transparency & Accountability Emphasis on transparency & accountability through implementation of: PASS Regional Information Centres (RICs) Communications Strategy Client Cards Charter of Client Rights and Responsibilities

26 Monitoring & Evaluation The M&E system includes: (i) regular monitoring reports prepared at woreda level, consolidated at Regional and then Federal levels; (ii) real-time data collected by the Regional and Federal Information Centres and the Rapid Response Mechanism; and (iii) agreed studies and assessments, including biannual impact surveys and a semi-annual Public Works Review.

27 Key Achievements PSNP: ( ) Assured consumption 75% consumed more food or better quality food (94% as a result of Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) 62% retained own food production (90% due PSNP) HH Asset protection 62% avoided selling assets (90% due to PSNP) 36% avoided using savings to buy food (90% due to PSNP) Asset Building Community 23% acquired new household assets (55% due to PSNP 46% used healthcare more (76% due to PSNP 39% sent more children to school and 50% kept them in school longer (80% due to PSNP) Institutional capacity building 27

28 Some lessons learned It is possible to create a single safety net program with multiple funding streams and multiple implementing organizations in a low income setting PSNP demonstrated value of shift away from humanitarian response system to more development oriented approach The delivery of predictable transfers is a key determinant of program impact

29 Some lessons learned (contd) A public works program can make major contributions to local level service delivery and improve quality of local level investment planning Long term sustainability of PWs requires specific attention to local level management and maintenance systems Graduation at scale is difficult to achieve. Need for strong link between PSNP and household asset building activities to ensure graduation

30 What is the HABP? One component of the Government s Food Security Programme 1 St phase : nd phase : ( five year program) Objective of the HABP: Income sources diversified and productive assets increased for food insecure households in CFI woredas.

31 HABP outcomes Six outcomes of the Programme: 1. Access to viable on- and off-farm income-generating opportunities improved. 2. Access to sustainable financial services enhanced 3. Sustainable input sourcing, production and delivery systems enhanced.

32 HABP outcomes (cont d) Six outcomes of the Programme (contd): 4. Access to effective product and labour markets increased 5. Institutional capacity to manage and implement the HABP achieved. 6. Confidence, knowledge and skills of food insecure households in CFI woredas built.

33 Rationale for HABP Rural farmers have limited use of inputs and technologies Leads to Low productivity Leads to Little or no surplus produce for markets Leads to Limited finance

34 HABP Solution The HABP solution to this problem focuses on: 1. Providing advisory technical services to address inputs and technology constraints 2. Facilitating access to rural financial services, especially credit

35 Who are the actors in HABP? Agricultural Development Sector, primarily Extension (programme manager) Others in MoARD such as Markets & Inputs, etc; Other Government Ministries, such as MoTI (MSE agency), MoLSA, MoWA, MoY&S; Private Sector; FCA & Rural Savings and Credit Co-operatives; Co-operative Unions Micro-finance institutes & their representatives (AEMFI)

36 Who will benefit from HABP? Food insecure households in chronically food insecure woredas, who are, or who have been, PSNP beneficiaries.

37 Graduation from PSNP A household has graduated when: 37 in the absence of receiving PSNP transfers, it can meet its food needs for all 12 months and is able to withstand modest shocks. This state is described as being food sufficient. PW participant HHs (with available labor) are expected to graduate DS beneficiaries are (HH with no labor disabled, elderly, sick, etc) are to be linked with broader SP mechanism

38 Graduation & Programme Size Households identified for graduation remain in PSNP for one additional year. Caseload is expected to decrease No graduation in pastoral areas Greater prospects to achieve graduation at scale, through close complementarity between different services that households have access to under the different components of the FSP.

39 Graduation model

40 Thank You