2 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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3 2018 Hereford BKB IFC FNB 2 OVK 7 Molatek 8 Nagenoeg 11 Landbouweekblad 12 Vicedale Herefords 15 Syferpan Herefords Unistel 21 GWK 23 Locheim Hereford BenguFarm 30 Griffin Herefords 33 Sanniesguns Lust Herefords 37 Veeplaas 38 Waldecke Herefords 39 Lemoenvlei Herefords 43 Barnlab 45 Puttergill 49 Zuikerkop Country Game Lodge 53 Mooifontein Herefords 55 Voermol 62 KRM Poll Herefords Vleissentraal 71 Zuikerkop Herefords Malina Herefords 81 Hoekland Herefords 83 Bonhaven Beef Cattle 85 Penhoek Farming & Transport 87 André Pretorius fotografie 87 Kevlynn Herefords Ehrenhof 96 Ja-Niel Herefords IBC PP Mong OBC adverteerdersadvertisers inhoud From the/van die President 3 Relationship between stress & reproduction 4 Ons onthou - Hendrik Joubert 6 Belang van minimum stres en gebalanseerde mineraal-, spoormineraal aanvullings 9 Tribute to Hans-Richard Köster 14 Genomic improvement of carcass traits 16 Fierce foothold 22 Docility delivers a calmer disposition in cattle production provres more practical 26 Considerations for heifer development 31 Simplify sire selection 34 What is gene editing and the applicability in livestock production? 40 What size should a cow be? 42 Stoetveevoeding met Barnlab tegnologie 44 Jack Ward - Judge of the National Championships Hereford Nasionale Kampioenskappe 47 Royal Skou 54 Riversdal Skou 56 Vryburg Skou 57 South Africa Hereford Society celebrates 100 years 58 Message from the Secretary General 60 Swierige Eeufeesviering vir die SA Herefordtelers 61 Hereford Raad 63 Veilingsuitslae 64 Toekennings 68 Op die hoek en aan die hak 70 Vleissentraal-Stamboek Elite Bulgroeitoetsklas Elite bulle 72 Hereford KI Gids/AI Guide 74 Hereford Keurderslys 81 UK Herefords Hereford Photo Competition 84 KZN Club report 86 Eastern Cape report 90 Noordwes klub 91 Vrystaat verslag 92 Wes-Kaap verslag 93 Hereford Lede/members 94 Menings wat in die Joernaal uitgespreek word, is nie noodwendig die sienswyse van die Hereford Telersgenoootskap nie. Die Genootskap aanvaar nie verantwoordelikheid vir enige aansprake wat in advertensies gemaak word nie. HEREFORD BEESTELERSGENOOTSKAP VAN SA/ HEREFORD CATTLE BREEDERS SOCIETY OF SA Henry st 118, Bloemfontein Tel: liezel@studbook.co.za PRODUKSIE VAN JOERNAAL: Firefly Publications (Pty) Ltd Tel/Fax: E-pos: palberts@telkomsa.net Posbus 328 Brandfort 9400 Ontwerp deur: Caria Vermaak Opinions expressed in the Journal, are not necessarily the view of the Hereford Breeders' Society. The Society does not accept any of the claims made in advertisements. Kopiereg Hereford Genootskap Alle regte voorbehou. Geen gedeelte van hierdie publikasie mag snder skriftelike verlof van die outeursreghouer gereproduseer of in enige vorm of langs enige elektroniese of meganiese weg weergegee word nie, hetsy deur fotokopiëring, plaat- of bandopname, mikroverfilming of enige ander stelsel van inligtingsberging. Copyright Hereford Society All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photographic, magnetic or other means, without prior permission of the copyright holder. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 3

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5 FROM THE/VAN DIE PRESIDENT Bertus Mong Dear fellow Hereford Breeders and business partners of Herefords. On behalf of Council I wish all our members, clients and their families a very prosperous Groot dele van ons land is nog in n droogte gewikkel en ons gebede is vir n goeie reënseisoen. Aan die begin van die tweede 100 jaar wil ons met hierdie joernaal die Herefordras met sy besigheidsvennote aan u voorstel. Aan die Herefordtelers en besigheidsadverteerders baie dankie vir jul bydrae tot ons joernaal en jul puik advertensies. Met die Oktobervergadering is Liezel Grobler as ons Bemarkingsbeampte aangestel en sal sy meer fokus op sosiale media bemarking. Liezel het groot werk gedoen om noemenswaardige en relevante artikels in hierdie uitgawe te publiseer. U is welkom om haar te skakel vir blootstelling aan u besigheid deur die Genootskap met alle mediabemarking. We look forward to a year of many highlights where the Hereford breed will focus on exceeding the other breeds in respect of reproduction, feed efficiency and meat qualities. I urge members to please support the year s activities, especially the AGM at Pietermaritzburg showgrounds where Prof Este van Marle-Köster and Dr Bobbie van der Westhuizen will also give feedback on the BGP project and the practices around EBV s. Ek wil ook van die geleentheid gebruik maak om alle borge, adverteerders, telers, raadslede en personeel te bedank vir jul bydrae met ons 100-jaar feesvieringe gedurende Voorspoed vir die volgende eeu en mag die visie van ons pioniers bydra om verdere nuwe hoogtes te bereik met ons grootse Herefordras. Geniet hierdie besonderse uitgawe van ons Joernaal. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 5

6 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS & REPRODUCTION G. CLIFF LAMB, Professor and Head, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University In cattle circles, we often use the word temperament to define the fear-related behavioral responses of cattle when they are exposed to human interactions, such as handling or during feed delivery. As temperament becomes more excitable to human contact or any other handling procedures we tend to believe that those same animals have a greater degree of stress. In recent years, some interesting data has arisen with regards to temperament and many producers select cattle for temperament primarily for safety reasons. However, cattle temperament may also have productive and economic implications to beef operations. Hopefully addressing a few questions that I have received will explain the interactions between stress and reproductive performance. WHAT IS STRESS? The stress response is defined as the reaction of cattle to internal and external factors that affect their well-being, and animals that are unable to cope with these factors are classified as stressed. Examples are extreme temperatures, diseases, and injuries. 6 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

7 HOW ARE EXCITABLE TEMPERAMENT AND STRESS RELATED? An aggressive response expressed by cattle with excitable temperament when exposed to human handling can be attributed to their fear and consequent inability to cope with the interaction, classified as a stress response. Temperamental cattle may also experience changes in their body physiology, and the hormones produced during this fear-related stress reaction influencing several production-related outputs, such as growth, health, and reproduction. WHAT FACTORS AFFECT TEMPERAMENT IN BEEF CATTLE? Temperament that results in a stress response are primarily affects by breed type and production system, but sex, age, and horn status also are associated with stress. Producers in the southern part of the United States are well aware of the heightened temperament of Bos indicus cattle compared to those of Bos Taurus origin. In addition, more intensively managed cattle tend to have calmer temperament scores than those reared on extensive systems. Similarly, older cattle are less temperamental than younger cattle, males are less temperamental than females, and horned cattle are less temperamental than polled cattle. There are obviously other factors that contribute to temperament, but these factors certainly the primary factors. HOW ARE STRESS AND REPRODUCTION RELATED? Animals that have heightened temperament generally have decreased feed intake compared to their cohorts that are less stressed. These cattle also have altered metabolism and partition nutrients differently so that they can sustain their behavioral stress response, which results in further decreases in nutrient availability to support body functions. Since nutritional status largely HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 7

8 determines reproductive performance in cattle excitable temperament impairs reproduction in beef heifers and cows by decreasing nutritional balance. A second impact of increased stress is related to the hormones produced during the stress response. One hormone, corticol, is a steroid hormone that is increased in animals under stress. Cortisol, along with other hormones disrupts the physiological mechanisms that regulate reproduction in beef females, such as ovulation, conception, and establishment of pregnancy. One research study has demonstrated that cows with calm temperament have reduced cortisol and greater blood concentrations of luteinizing hormone, the hormone required for puberty establishment and ovulation, compared to temperamental cows. Recently, in another study, it was demonstrated that beef heifers with calm temperament reached puberty sooner than temperamental cohorts, and when acclimating prepubertal heifers to humans and handling facilities a greater percentage of heifers attained Figure 1. Percentage of heifers attaining puberty after being acclimated or not acclimated (Control) to human interaction and handling facilities (adapted from Cooke et al., 2009). puberty earlier than those heifers not acclimated to facilities (Figure 1). Therefore, management strategies that improve the overall temperament of the herd will benefit the reproductive performance and consequent productivity of cowcalf operations. Adapting beef females to human interaction early in their productive lives may be an alternative to improve their temperament and consequently hasten their reproductive development. Including temperament in culling/ selection criteria is an important component to improving the overall temperament and consequent reproductive performance of the adult cow herd. Ons onthou Hendrik Pieter Joubert Hendrik Joubert het sy lewe lank in Bultfontein distrik in die Vrystaat gewoon en geboer. Hy was van kleins af, lief vir mense en veral ook diere. Eers met duiwe begin teel as laerskoolkind wat later uitgevloei het tot die teel van groot diere. In 1972 het hy sy Hereford stoet begin en geregistreer. Van n klein begin het hy voluit met liefde en onversadigbare belangstelling en toewyding Herefords geteel. Daar was vir hom baie hoogtepunte en plesier wat hy deur die Herefords bereik het. Hy was trots en dankbaar dat sy liefde vir die ras ook deur ons kinders gedeel word. As familie is ons dankbaar vir kosbare herinneringe en ook dat hy n lang, seer siekbed gespaar is. Hy het oorgestap vanwaar hyself sou wou gaan. Op Sanniesguns, buite in die vars lug sonder n sug of klag. Hy word veral gemis deur my, Viola sy vrou, ons kinders Carlette en haar man Petrus met hulle kinders, Esther, Petru en Una, in besonder Jackie wat saam met ons hier boer en altyd naby was. Ook ons kinders wat ver is, Johan, Marguerite en haar man Wouter met hulle kinders Sebastian en Mia. Hy rus in vrede. 8 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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11 BELANG VAN minimum stres en gebalanseerde mineraal -, spoormineraal aanvullings belang van op VLEISBEESPRODUKSIE en REPRODUKSIE PRESTASIE DR VLOK FERREIRA, Nasionale Tegniese Bestuurder Herkouers, RCL Foods Feeds Division E-pos: 0Vleisbeesprodusente word voortdurend aan wisselende klimaatsomstandighede, soos seisoenale veranderinge en droogtes, sowel as veranderende kostestrukture blootgestel, wat n direkte invloed op die produktiwiteit van hul boerdery het. Twee faktore wat van groot belang vir die sukses van n vleisbeesboerdery is en waaroor die produsente beheer kan uitoefen, is voeding en gesondheid. Hierdie twee faktore loop hand aan hand. Die verhouding tussen die twee moet reg bestuur word om winsgewendheid te verseker. Gesondheid word direk deur die beeste se kondisie, m.a.w.die voedingstoestande waarin hulle verkeer, beïnvloed. Enige vorm van stres plaas druk op die koei se produksievermoë. Gedurende dektyd plaas dit druk op haar vermoë om vinnig suksesvol dragtig te raak en tydens kalf- en speentyd is sy van nature onder stres. Veral laasgenoemde twee stresperiodes moet so ver moontlik beperk word om die negatiewe invloed wat dit op die koei se prestasie het, te beperk. Terwyl koeie gedurende kalftyd onder die stres van kalwing is, moet sy ook begin melk produkseer om haar nuwe kalf te voed. Dit is veral vir die eerstekalfvers n kritieke fase, want sy moet saam met die stres van kalwing en melkproduksie, verder uitgroei tot volwassenheid. Speentyd se stres as die kalwers en die koeie geskei word, word gekompliseerd deur potensiële dragtigheid asook n afnemende weidingsgehalte. Laasgenoemde is veral in die somerreëngebiede van toepassing. Enigeen van hierdie stress toestande plaas ook druk op die koei se gesondheid. Dit verlaag haar weerstand teen siektes en gevolglik neem die besmetting van inwendige en uitwendige parasiete dramaties toe. Dit kan tot produksieverliese lei en n direkte gevolg van produksieverliese is n verlaging in kalfpersentasies. Die vleisbeesprodusent kan saam met veekundiges, veeartse, en die tegniese verteenwoordigers van veevoer- en dieregesondheidsmaatskappye verseker dat hy al die korrekte voeding- en gesondheidsmaatreëls tref om sy koeie in goeie kondisie en gesondheid te hou. n HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 11

12 Volledige bestuursprogram, wat met die hulp van die rolspelers in die vleisbeesbedryf saamgestel is kan produsente veseker dat hulle hul beeste in goeie kondisie en dus goeie gesondheid hou. Wanneer van vleisbeesvoeding gepraat word, word primêr op die verskaffing van voldoende beweibare materiaal gefokus. Lekaanvulling kan gebruik word om die benutbaarheid van hierdie weibare materiaal te verhoog, veral as die weidingstoestande sleg is, soos gedurende die droë wintermaande in die somerreëngebiede en in die Wes-Kaap as diere op stoppellande wei. Aanvulling in die vorm van proteïen bevattende lekke vir die winter en fosfaat bevattende lekke vir die somer, is egter nie die enigste aanvulling wat vir die normale groei by vleisbeeste nodig is nie. Minerale en vitamiene, soos fosfaat, kalsium, sink, koper, mangaan, selenium en vitamien A speel n ewe belangrike rol, veral in die onderhoud van die liggaamsfunksies en gesondheid van die dier. Sorg moet ook gedra word dat die regte samestelling van minerale en vitamiene altyd beskikbaar is. Navorsing aan die Kansas State universiteit in Amerika het gewys dat tekorte van die belangrikste spoorminerale waarvan daar baie klein hoeveelhede van voorkom, maar wat krities belangrik is soos sink, koper, mangaan, selenium, jodium en ander in vleisbeesrantsoene n groot effek op die immuniteit- en reproduksiestelsels, en die groei van koeie het. Wanneer n veekundige voeding aan vleisbeeste voorskryf, is dit dus noodsaaklik dat hy die inname van minerale saam met die inname van ruvoer en weiding in ag moet neem. Te veel lekke word steeds deur vleisbeesprodusente gebruik met die uitgangspunt dat die verskaffing van proteïene en energie, as primêre voedingbestanddele, noodsaaklik en voldoende is. Die aanvulling van die diere se spoormineraalbehoefte word hierdeur nagelaat, wat oor die langeduur die vleisbeesboerdery se winsgewendheid nadelig sal beïnvloed. Omdat kliniese tekens van spoormineraaltekorte nie altyd opvallend is nie, is die responsvermoë van die immuunsisteem een van die tekens wat gebruik kan word om te bepaal of daar spoormineraaltekorte is. Kliniese tekens, soos swak groei, onvrugbaarheid en uiterlike tekens soos byvoorbeeld dowwe haarkleed en krom bene by n koper tekort en by mangaan die voorkoms van swak bene en gewrigte by pasgebore kalwers, sal net waargeneem word as daar werklik groot tekorte ontstaan. Alhoewel daar n redelike hoeveelheid van n verskeidenheid van spoorminerale wel voorkom in weidings is die hoeveelheid en beskikbaarheid daarvan afhanklik van n verskeidenheid van faktore soos byvoorbeeld reënval, grond kwaliteit en ook die verteerbaarheid van die weidings. Die faktore gee dan aanleiding daaartoe dat die samestelling van spoorminerale in weidings bekend moet wees sodat daar met veral aanvullende voeding voorsiening gemaak kan word vir sekere kritiese spoorminerale. Molatek lekaanvulings produkte maak dus voorsiening vir die meer kritiese spoorminerale waarvan daar tekorte van sal voorkom sodat die basis van optimale produksie en winsgewendheid hierdeur ondersteun sal word. Die vorm waarin die mineraal in die weiding voorkom, sal die bio-beskikbaarheid daarvan beïnvloed, en kan ook aanvulling nodig maak. Voordat n mineraal deur die dier se spysverteringskanaal opgeneem kan word, moet dit in n oplosbare vorm, soos in n ioniese vorm, oplosbare komplekse of as chelate, Molatek lekaanvulings produkte maak dus voorsiening vir die meer kritiese spoorminerale waarvan daar tekorte van sal voorkom sodat die basis van optimale produksie en winsgewendheid hierdeur ondersteun sal word. 12 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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15 Deur navorsing van veevoermaatskappye soos RCL FOODS (met Molatek en Epol produkte), is lekaanvullingstelsels ontwikkel wat met die regte aanwending kostedoeltreffend en op optimum winsgewendheid vir die vleisbeesprodusent gerig is. beskikbaar wees. Minerale kan nie opgeneem word as dit aan n onoplosbare komponent gebind is nie. Wanneer daar te veel yster of selfs kalsium voorkom in lekmengsels kan dit bind aan van die spoorminerale en dus n onoplosbare kompleks vorm wat net so weer deur die dier uitgeskei sal word. Dit word beskryf as n geiduseerde tekort en is waarskynlik een van die mees tipiese voorkomste van tekorte wat voorkom. Ten spyte van beproefde praktyke wat met groot sukses deur produsente gebruik word om winsgewendheid van hul kuddes te verhoog, gebruik sommige produsente steeds sekere goedkoper praktyke om koste te bespaar. Ongelukkig lei baie daarvan tot n tekort aan spoorelemente en n wanbalans in rantsoene, wat op die langeduur n negatiewe effek op die optimale prestasie en gevolglik die winsgewendheid van hul kuddes het. Twee van hierdie praktyke is sommige goedkoop tuismengsels wat as sogenaamde lekke gebruik word en die gee van sekere komponente, soos te veel voerkalk, wat groot wanbalanse kan meebring. Produsente moet sorg dat hulle altyd, veral deur die aanwending van goed geformulerde lekke, n gebalanseerde mineraalsamestelling aan hul beeste voorsien. n Tekort van net een mineral of spoormineraal kan n groot invloed op die reproduksievermoe van n kudde hê. n Primêre tekorte ontstaan as n rantsoen te min van een or meer spoorminerale bevat, terwyl n sekondere of geïnduseerde tekort ontstaan wanneer n interaksie tussen minerale of ander faktore, soos siektes, die tekort veroorsaak. Kliniese tekens, soos swakker immuniteit en laer groei en reproduksie, sal begin voorkom as die tekort erger raak. Dit is duidelik dat waarneembare tekens wat op spoormineraaltekorte dui, nie noodwendig onmiddelik sal voorkom nie, maar dat dit wel al vroeg nadelige gevolge kan inhou, wat tot finansiële verliese kan lei. Sink sal byvoorbeeld n belangrike rol speel by die ontwikkeling en onderhoud van die immuunrespons, die hersteltempo van gestreste diere wat van infeksie-siektes, soos BVD herstel, en die voorkoming van vrotpootjie. Minerale is krities vir die beskerming van die ensiemstelsels en die instandhouding en optimale produksie van die meeste biologiese prosesse, soos byvoorbeeld yster wat n integrale deel vorm van die produksie van hemoglobien wat weer nodig is vir suurstofvervoer en jodium wat nodig is vir die produksie van die ensiem tiroksien wat weer te doen het met die reguleer van die energie metabolisme by die dier. Die aanvulling van spoorminerale deur die regte tipe, goed gebalanseerde lekke sal aan die vleisbeesprodusent die nodige gemoedsrus gee dat sy diere meer sal teruggee in die vorm van gesonde diere met n hoë kalfpersentasie. Die wetenskap het reeds aangetoon wat die korrekte wyse en vlakke van aanvullings is, daarom is dit byna onverskoonbaar dat steeds na n landsgemiddelde kalfpersentasies van onder 60 % verwys word. Navorsing met mineraal- en spoormineraalaanvullings saam met n oliekoek graan melasse - ureum mengsel, wys dat die regte aanvulling koeie se vermoë om in dektyd vinnig beset te raak, met byna 100 % kan verbeter. In n proef was die tyd vanaf die begin van die dekseisoen tot konsepsie vir die kontrole groep wat nie aanvulling ontvang het nie, 42 dae teenoor die 22 dae van die groep koeie wat die korrekte lek aanvulling sowel as fosfaat en die spoorminerale soos sink, selenium, koper, mangaan en jodium ontvang het. By koeie wat net die graanureummengsel ontvang het, was die tydsduur 35 dae en waar n fosforaanvulling by die mengsel gegee is, was dit 29 dae. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 15

16 Tribute to Hans-Richard Köster Hereby, the SA Hereford Society honours one of its icons, Hans-Richard Köster, who was a Life-long Honorary President of the Society until his death on 15 March Hans got married to Heide (Krüger) in July 1963 and three children, Heiko, Hinner and Birgit were born from their marriage. He immigrated in 1953 as a 23-year old young freshly graduated man with a degree in Agriculture, via ship from Hamburg, Germany to South Africa, not knowing what the future will hold in his new adopted country. He had a few jobs on farms in various parts of the country before he joined Jaros Investment Co (Pty) Ltd, owners amongst many large business enterprises of the Vicedale Hereford Stud at the time as General Manager in When the company was sold a few years later to Messrs. Bokkie Niselow and Morris Hyman, Hans was then appointed as Managing Director of Jarrosson Estates (Pty) Ltd with one of his many responsibilities being to continue the growth and development of the stud cattle division, which originally consisted of 25 Hereford cows and a herd of commercial cattle. This developed into a renowned herd, which at the time of the dispersal sale in 1978 was the largest Hereford herd in the world and one of the largest of all breeds. Hans was solely responsible for this and became renowned as one of the most respected cattlemen in South Africa building up the Vicedale Hereford herd to more than stud cows and the commercial beef cow herd of Jarrosson Estates to more than With that he also developed a large cattle feedlot and piggery business. Hans was one of the first SA breeders to start breeding Herefords that were polled. As chairman of the Polled Hereford committee in 1969, Hans was responsible in convincing the SA Hereford Council to accept the SA Polled Hereford as equal to the SA Horned Hereford. The Vicedale herd was also the first amongst a few beef herds that started official performance testing in Being a strong believer all his life in using performance testing as an important tool when selecting cattle, Hans also ensured the establishment of the Armoedsvlakte Bull Performance Testing station at Vryburg in the North-West Area of South Africa in When he was elected as President of the Hereford Society in 1977, he made it his goal to make performance testing compulsory for the Hereford breed and finally allowed the use and import of semen from foreign countries. Hans and Heide, who became a pillar in Hans cattle business, were fortunate to purchase 50 of the best Vicedale Hereford cows at the time of the Jarrosson Estates dispersal sale in These animals were specially selected by Hans before the sale and he and Heide started farming on Grassybend near Vryburg until they retired in When they retired the Vicedale herd was renowned for its excellent cow herd, winning amongst others the National Premier Breeder award at the World Conference Hereford Show in Cape Town in Their two sons Heiko and Hinner, joined by Heiko s wife, Esté, selected a nucleus herd of 30 breeding cows from the more than 300 cows owned by the Köster s in Vryburg at the time and moved them in 2005 to Cullinan in the Gauteng area to continue the legacy of the herd that Hans has created. Both Hans and Heide have become legends of the breed. Hans has been a member of the Society for 46 years, of which 26 years as a Council member, and represented Southern Africa on the World Hereford Council for 24 years. As Senior and Interbreed judge he judged many major shows across South Africa and various countries throughout the world. Since 1997, he is a Life-long Honorary President of the SA Hereford Society. Rotary also honoured Hans in 1997 with the prestigious Paul Harris medal for his contribution to develop the cattle industry in the North-West and Northern Cape regions. To establish a market for Stud Herefords in Vryburg, a club was founded in 1965 with Hans as the first chairman. For the promotion of the Hereford breed, sales were organised on the Vryburg showgrounds in 1967/68 and a Clubhouse was built in It was soon decided to combine the sale with other breeds and a Stud Breeders Association was established. Both Hans and Heide were part of the first committee, and until now have still been honorary members of the Vryburg show and North-West Hereford Club. Hans Köster will be missed in the global Hereford fraternity, and his recognition world-wide for what he has done to promote the breed and Agriculture in general, was confirmed through the many social media and other private messages the family has received after he passed away shortly before his 90 th birthday. Born: 24 July 1928 Died: 15 March HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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18 Genomic improvement OF CARCASS TRAITS DR HELENA THERON, SA Stud Book Introduction In South Africa most beef calves are finished in feedlots. Carcass weight is therefore a major factor in the determination of price received per animal. Generally, too heavy or too light carcasses do not fit specifications and are penalized. Traits like inappropriate carcass size and weight or excess external fat cover can be addressed by improved genetic selection practices. Carcass traits should be an important consideration in beef bull selection. However, it is important for performance testing and selection to be able to accurately measure body and carcass composition on a live animal. Measurement of carcass traits Historically carcass data was collected with progeny testing, requiring a bull s calves to be placed in a feedlot and slaughtered before traits were measured on the carcass. This was expensive and a very slow way to collect information and only a few sires could be measured. Currently, there are several non-invasive techniques available for obtaining objective phenotypic data for body and carcass composition, for example various methods using X-ray methodology and magnetic resonance imaging. As most of these methods are very expensive to use, the most common method used worldwide for measuring carcass traits on live animals is Real Time Ultrasound (RTU). It has the advantage that it is portable and reasonably priced, no radiation is involved and it requires no sedation or anaesthesia. Ultrasound carcass scanning technology allows objective carcass information to be collected on live animals instead of having to slaughter progeny to obtain carcass information. However, there are also disadvantages to using ultrasound imaging; including less accurate anatomical resolution, image analysis which is not easily automated and it cannot measure meat tenderness. Carcass traits are measured in South Africa by RTU scanning of calves in post wean growth tests. In addition to traits measured in the growth test, (e.g. weight, height and length), eye muscle area (EMA), rib fat thickness, rump fat thickness and marbling are measured using RTU technology. These traits significantly influence red meat yield and quality, and are heritable. Carcass Traits Carcass weight is genetically influenced and can be changed by selecting on live weight, frame size and growth rate. Dressing percentage is also an indicator of profit and is calculated as the hot carcass weight as a percentage of the live weight of the animal at slaughter. Dressing percentage typically ranges from 50% to 64% for the majority 18 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

19 of beef cattle, while higher dressing percentages are more profitable. Eye muscle area (EMA) is the area of the longissimus dorsi muscle (eye muscle or ribeye) and is measured with RTU between the 12th and 13th ribs. It is expressed in square centimetres. According to the scientific literature, EMA is an indicator of many carcass traits, including carcass yield, muscularity and carcass weight. As EMA increases, kg red meat yield increases. Fat thickness is a measure of external fat thickness on a carcass and is measured using RTU at two sites on the live animal. Ribfat thickness, otherwise referred to as Backfat, is measured at the same site as EMA between the 12th and 13th ribs, while Rumpfat thickness is a fat depot that is highly related to 12th -13th rib fat thickness (genetic correlation exceeding flecks of fat found within the muscle tissue, and is also measured together with EMA and Ribfat thickness between the 12 th and 13 th rib using RTU. It is however the most difficult of all ultrasound traits to measure accurately. Sufficient marbling is important for beef tenderness, juiciness and flavour. Inadequate tenderness of beef is regarded as the most important quality challenge facing the beef industry, as it plays a key role in consumer satisfaction. Tenderness is objectively measured with a Warner-Bratzler shear force device, but can only be obtained after the animal has been slaughtered. There is thus a time-delay in identifying elite animals which is a major limitation to current rates of genetic improvement. South African farmers are paid for tenderness based on the age of the animal. Figure 1: RTU images showing EMA (eye-muscle-area) on the left and marbling, which is flecks of fat within the muscle, on the right..70). This measurement can be beneficial when scanning very lean animals such as yearling bulls and can be used to improve the overall accuracy of external fat estimation. The subcutaneous fat covering over the carcass minimizes weight loss and protects the muscles from cold-shortening which occur during the carcass cooling process. The conventional refrigeration of carcasses after slaughter may result in tougher meat, thus, an adequate fat thickness will ensure a higher quality product. It has also been shown that favourable genetic correlations exist between subcutaneous fat and reproductive traits, indicating that a high subcutaneous fat deposition are correlated to early finishing and sexual maturity, but undesirable genetic correlations exist between subcutaneous fat and weight gain. Marbling or intramuscular fat refers to the Selection for Carcass Traits The number of RTU measurements for South African Hereford has increased since 2012 to between 70 and 100 animals per year, which is on average 50% of all animals measured in both centralized and farm growth tests (Figure 2). Although these numbers are still low, it shows commitment of Hereford breeders to improve carcass traits, and would hopefully increase in future. During 2018, Hereford breeders will be able to select their animals on breeding values for carcass traits as well. The measurements for EMA and backfat will be combined into selection values for Dressing Percentage and Red Meat Yield for easier selection for improved carcass traits. An EBV for marbling will also be provided. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 19

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22 It is possible to select for carcass traits as fat thickness, EMA and marbling are between 20 and 25% heritable (Table 1). A larger carcass with less fat and high marbling would receive the best price, although South African farmers are not paid for marbling at this stage. Selection should then be for increased final weight, EMA and marbling, as well as decreased fat. some breeds. Genomic selection programs that incorporate genomic markers for growth and feed efficiency, as well as carcass quality, have been reported to result in a 32% improvement in accuracy compared to using only mid-parent breeding values. In a technique known as singlestep Genome-wide association (GWAS), Medeiros de Oliveira Silva found 43, 65, and 53 genes Table 1: Heritabilities (on the diagonal) and genetic correlations for carcass traits as used in the South African genetic evaluation. Weaning weight End of test weight ADG Fat EMA Marbling Weaning weight End of test weight ADG Fat EMA Marbling 0.20 However, due to underlying genetic correlations, when selecting for lower fat thickness, a decrease in marbling can be expected. According to the literature, selecting for reduced fat could also negatively affect fertility in beef females. It has been shown that daughters of sires selected for less fat often reach puberty later, require more services per conception and have an increased gestation length that could inflate birth weights and increase the risk of calving difficulty. Fat thickness is therefore a trait with an intermediate optimum both extremes are undesirable. Bulls with desirable levels of performance for both lean yield and fertility should be selected. Breeding values (EBVs) are an effective genetic selection tool for improving carcass traits. The future: Genomic selection Genomic markers (SNPs) combined with traditional BLUP technology is currently regarded as the best method to identify superior breeding animals, especially for traits that are hard or expensive to measure like carcass traits, as well as fertility, milk production and feed efficiency. Breeders send in hair or semen samples for SNP (genetic marker) testing. These SNPs are included in the routine genetic evaluations and is used to produce genomic enhanced EBVs, also called GEBVs. Genomic testing has commenced in South Africa as well and GEBVs are already available for affecting EMA, Back fat and Rump fat respectively. This is however still early days, with many exciting discoveries to be made in future. Conclusion Since the increase in number of measurements since 2012, the larger number of available measured selection candidates will provide a broader selection base for genetic improvement of carcass traits in the South African Hereford breed in future. Combining EBVs for RTU traits with weight at the end of the test into a selection value may also simplify selection and improve carcass traits. References Duc Lu, Mehdi Sargolzaei, Matthew Kelly, Gordon Vander Voort, Zhiquan Wang, Ira Mandell, Stephen Moore, Graham Plastow and Stephen Paul Miller, Genome-wide association analyses for carcass quality in crossbred beef cattle. BMC Genetics201314:80 Medeiros de Oliveira Silva R, Bonvino Stafuzza N, de Oliveira Fragomeni B, Miguel Ferreira de Camargo G, Matos Ceacero T, Noely dos Santos Gonçalves Cyrillo J, et al. (2017) Genome- Wide Association Study for Carcass Traits in an Experimental Nelore Cattle Population. PLoS ONE 12(1): e doi.org/ /journal.pone Scholz, A. M., L. Bünger, J. Kongsro, U. Baulain and A. D. Mitchell, Non-invasive methods for the determination of body and carcass composition in livestock: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound: invited review. Animal (2015), 9:7, pp HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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24 Fierce foothold Black baldie females add pounds to Mulcock Ranch s New Mexico cow herd JULIE MAIS In the semiarid foothills of southeastern New Mexico, a prime spring-fed trout stream, the Rio Penasco, winds through a meadow. Beyond the lowlands, the landscape takes on a different look one that is dry, rough and rocky. The cattle that roam the hills thrive, as do the fish in the water and the wildlife in the meadow. Mulcock Ranch, Mayhill, N.M., has resided on this diverse piece of the country for 114 years, and has run Hereford cattle for many decades. Charlie Mulcock, who oversees the 8,000-acre homestead in addition to a number of leased acres today, says his grandparents moved to New Mexico from northeastern Louisiana in the early 1900s. Though the region receives only 16 inches of rainfall a year, Mulcock says his 550-head cow herd, consisting of black baldies and black females, has to be able to survive the terrain. There are some flat places, but there is on average a 45-degree slope, he says. And, it s rocky. A cow can hardly take a step without stepping on a rock. The 200 acres of tillable ground is used for pasture and making hay to maintain the herd. We have the opportunity to take a little bit better care of our cattle on the irrigated ground than on the lease place, he says. We use it as a nursery. We calve our two-year-old heifers there and we leave them there until they have calved a second time. We ll keep them there through their second calf until she is basically three years old. We can help them nutritionally, grow them out, mature them and then move them out to the rough lease country. Mulcock says the ranch implemented an extensive artificial insemination (AI) program in which he breeds all virgin heifers to black bulls. The heifers are then sent to graze on the native grass along with Hereford bulls purchased from Pérez Cattle Co. in Nara Visa, N.M. The ranch retains heifer calves to later sell as bred heifers. Because we keep our heifers we end up with a lot of black baldie cows, he says. THE BALDIE BENEFIT Mulcock attended New Mexico State University and graduated in About that time, he says, cattlemen were starting to hear about the effects of heterosis. They were coming out with studies on heterosis advantage, he says, and since implementing crossbreeding, he has been reaping benefits. I suspect we get a 13% boost with crossbred cattle. I get a 13% pay raise and it doesn t really cost me anything. There is great acceptability of black baldies in the market place. It s not hard to get on the phone and say I ve got some black baldies, and, boy, customers are pretty easy to please when you ve got something like that. Mulcock appreciates the maternal strengths of black baldie females. Our calves that are raised by black baldie mamas outweigh the ones from straight black, he says. Those black baldie mamas do a better job of raising calves than the black cows in our country. That crossbred mama is a better mama. ACCLIMATING WITH EASE The Hereford bulls on Mulcock Ranch spend some time acclimating to the location and environment. Yearling bulls are purchased each year and then brought home to spend time growing accustommed to the semiarid climate before being turned out with the females. We try to make them walk on those rocks so on the second year those bulls are pretty well acclimated, he says. They ll go and do a good job. They ll adapt alright. 24 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

25 When purchasing bulls for his herd, Mulcock says calving ease and low birth weight are priority, even when those bulls are intended for mature cows. I don t want anything that s not going to be easy calving, he says. The majority of our calving is unassisted. It can be awful cold in February when we re calving. If that cow cannot lie down, calve that calf and get up in single digits, we re going to lose some calves. We need a small birth weight calf to get started with. Next on the list of selection criteria is performance. We also look at weaning weight and yearling weight, Mulcock says. For a long while it seemed those were mutually exclusive, but the purebred Hereford breeders have done a remarkable job in getting the, commonly termed, spread bull where you have low birth weight and high productivity. I look at those numbers. The numbers prevail. Mulcock adds, When it s all said and done, you always weigh those calves before you sell them and you get paid on the weight. Having nice calves that are structurally correct sure is important, but still the ultimate deal is you run them across the scales. HEREFORD S PROGRESSIVE MOVE Mulcock commended the Hereford breed for providing more technologies for cattlemen today. We have access to expected progeny differences (EPDs) and genomic information. Those EPDs and that database works for all of us, commercial or seedstock. He also suggests that top-notch genetics will prevail in the current market. I really believe, especially two years ago when cattle were as high as they were, anything that would walk on the truck would bring a ton of money, he explains. Obviously this market is off, but I expect good cattle, good producing cattle and good performing cattle are going to bring even more of a premium now in an off market than what they would in a thriving market. Mulcock believes a successful cattle operation grounded in good genetics. I m not planning on cutting back on the quality of the bulls I use just to save money, he says. I ve watched people step over dollars to pick up dimes for a long time. I never understood that. When people are buying bulls, their genetic program, that s when you see people trying to cut corners. It can come back to haunt them. He adds, I think there are some inferior cattle out there that will be hard-pressed to find a home. The importance of good cattle and good genetics is very important. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 25

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28 DOCILITY D E L I V E R S A calmer disposition in cattle production proves more practical HALEY STARK Branded as efficient, adaptable and hardy, the Hereford breed complements its strengths with a calmer, more desirable deposition a trait cattlemen and researchers alike are finding to not only be convenient, but profitable. For Paul and Bette Slayton, owners of Slayton s Beardance in Bedford, Pa., Herefords are the foundation of their operation. I love the Hereford breed and their docility, Bette says. It s so enjoyable to walk through a cow herd and be able to scratch their back, watch them nurse their calves and graze on a beautiful green pasture. I have a natural trust of my Hereford cows. Both Paul and Bette have extensive cattle backgrounds. Bette grew up on a Hereford farm in Wisconsin, and Paul came from a commercial operation in Illinois. Today, they raise Herefords and black baldie females, calving out approximately 50 head a year. The Slaytons note many of the breed s traits contribute to their successful cattle operation, and temperament is an added bonus. We didn t give up or sacrifice anything for calm deposition cattle. It s just the nature of the breed, Paul explains. In fact, docility goes hand-in-hand with productivity and profitability. Docility is transitioning from a convenience trait to a necessary selection tool that offers cattlemen more efficient management. PERFORMANCE AND PRACTICALITY Temperament can determine the safety and efficiency of working cattle. Selecting for calmer cattle makes day-to-day tasks run smoother. The Slaytons say because of their calm cattle, a veterinarian is always willing to visit their farm to work on their cattle. When the couple works a chute, their Herefords meander up to the head gate, which Bette points out makes working cattle substantially less stressful. The breed s disposition also provides the Slayton s ease of mind when they re out of town. Sometimes we re both gone off the farm at the same time, and we need someone to do chores, Paul explains. It s comforting knowing no one is going to get hurt with calmer cattle. I have no concern with my Herefords. 28 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

29 Outside of immediate safety, calmer temperaments also cause less wear and tear on facilities and equipment. Owner of Thompson Cattle Co., Will Thompson, connects docility to better performance in his operation. Located in Lawndale, N.C., Thompson manages a small herd of purebred Hereford cows along with 170 commercial cows. Thompson brings all his commercial calves in to acquire weaning weights, to tag and to vaccinate. Gathering these weights allows him to track average daily gains on his cattle after they re backgrounded. He notes the temperament of his Herefordinfluenced commercial calves at feeding. We hand feed, we don t feed out of a wagon because we feel it s important to get in amongst the cattle to help with disposition, Thompson says. The Hereford-influence cattle come into the lot to eat immediately, we kind of have to push them out of the way to get to the bunks. He says a great percentage of the baldie cattle are more eager to get up to the feed bunk to eat. For Thompson, he didn t realize the value of calmer cattle until he brought the calves back up for a second round of vaccinations. Although his Hereford-influenced cattle were not initially leaders in weaning weight as compared to continental-influenced calves, the breed s docility showed an apparent advantage when weights started to fluctuate. The Hereford-influenced calves that were coming up to eat every day and were calmer passed their contemporaries on average daily gain. More skittish groups showed flat gains or even negative gains over the feeding period. There s definite value in disposition when you calculate things like feed efficiency, Thompson says. I m not doubting other breeds performance in different scenarios or management styles, but for our operation, calmer cattle prove to gain efficiently. Sustainability and docility are also proving to correlate with calmer cows staying in the herd longer. Thompson has been utilizing Hereford cattle genetics since 2009, when he bought his first horned Hereford bull and purebred females. In 2010 he had his first Hereford-sired calf crop. Since then, docility has played a major role in Thompson Cattle Co. s replacement heifer selection. Eight to nine years ago we probably didn t have more than seven F1 baldie females in the herd, now there s substantially more in the cow herd because those baldie females sure rise to the top in the replacement pen, Thompson says. They re calmer cattle. When it comes to the operation s bred heifer sale, Thompson points out the baldie heifers are in demand and are some of the first to be purchased by his customers. Docility has played an important role in the operation s breeding goals. Thompson recalls the standout calm temperaments of his Hereford bulls. We ve had two or three Hereford bulls that you can, honest-to-goodness, take a feed bucket and walk the bull onto a trailer in the middle of a pasture, Thompson shares. Kari White, American Gelbvieh Association (AGA) genetic programs coordinator, who has extensive education in genetics and breeding, agrees docile cattle earn their place within a herd. In my experience, even producers tend to prefer those animals that are more docile, and those animals that are more docile tend to stay in the herd longer because they re not getting culled for poor temperament, she explains. THE SCIENTIFIC LINK Several studies have been conducted to link docility to other profitable traits with quantitative data. These research studies have discovered connections between stress and its effect on traits like fertility, feed efficiency and carcass merit. Jennifer Bormann, associate professor of animal breeding and genetics at Kansas State University, participated in the data analysis of a multiuniversity research study performed in Colorado in 2014 which analyzed temperament as a possible indicator of feedlot performance and carcass merit in beef cattle. Several previous studies showed positive correlations were discovered between temperament traits and cortisol concentration in the blood, suggesting cattle with more excitable temperaments were easily stressed. Temperament and docility can be measured in multiple ways. These include chute scores, exit velocity and blood cortisol or fecal cortisol samples. Chute scoring is a subjective measurement taken on a 1-6 scale while the animal is confined but not restrained in a scale. Exit velocity is an objective measurement taken as the animal exits the chute. Cortisol is a measurable stress hormone found in cattle. A blood sample shows the stress at the time the sample is taken whereas a fecal sample displays metabolized cortisol, which shows stress HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 29

30 experienced over the last several days. The multi-university feedlot study took numerous measurements on carcass traits and temperament scores through chute scores and exit velocity. The growth measures as derived from data collected throughout the study encompassing both weights and gain showed a weak but negative correlation with temperament traits. Bormann explains that these small negative effects of stress on weight gain add up, especially over hundreds or thousands of cattle. There are some measurable effects, she says. But there s a need for larger studies and bigger contemporary groups. White, with the AGA, is a Kansas State University graduate who also worked with Bormann in 2014 on a two-part research study examining the relationships between docility and reproduction in Angus heifers with the goal of connecting docility to heifer pregnancy estimates. The study consisted of three cooperator herds in three separate locations. White notes pregnancy, especially fertility, is a difficult trait to evaluate scientifically because numerous factors affect it. It is a challenging trait to get enough power for because we treat it likes it s a threshold trait at zero or one, but it most likely lies on an underlying range, White explains. This study investigated the relationship between temperament and fertility, indicated by firstservice artificial insemination conception rate by taking chute scores, exit velocity, fecal samples and blood samples. Body weight and age were also recorded. The heifers in the study had an ultrasound at 30 days to determine pregnancy status. The data combined from all three ranches did not show any significant predictors for 30-day pregnancy; however, once the data was separated by ranch, chute score and body weight were significant predictors of heifer pregnancy at the one ranch. According to White a one-unit increase in average chute score (1 denoting docile, 5 denoting bad temperament) would reduce the probability of pregnancy at that ranch by 48%. Body weight showed a negative effect on pregnancy. White speculates this outcome is the result of those animals maturing later and not becoming pregnant within the study s time frame. Although it was a relatively small sample size, Bormann says the more excitable cattle showed a lower pregnancy rate. She makes the connection between docility and profitability, even if it s small scale. The extra time it takes to handle and work higher strung cattle could be spent doing something else productive, Bormann says. And even if prioritizing docility only contributes a small amount toward heifer pregnancy rates, calves are expensive, if you get an extra calf a year that s real money. Several other small-scale studies have been conducted across the country exploring the effect of stress and temperament on cattle productivity. Bormann and White are hopeful more data collection and research will potentially link docility to fertility in a more concrete way. People consider temperament, like udder scores, a convenience trait, Bormann says. Some of these studies are showing that docility isn t just convenient, but that there are some dollars tied to it beyond safety, facilities and time. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Docility falls within the lowly to moderately heritable range, meaning that the expressed temperament in animals can also be influenced by environmental factors like proper cattle handling. Although the Hereford breed is recognized for generally calmer cattle, it s imperative to provide an environment where cattle can learn to be calmer. Bormann points to a trend of stockmanship within the cattle industry, stressing that calmer cattle will ultimately decrease the risk to those that work and handle them. If you take a pen of heifers, you can train them to be herded and to move calmly from pasture to pasture at a walk, she explains. You develop habituation with how you handle your cattle. This creates a lower stress environment for all breeds. White believes producers have a responsibility to give their livestock a good environment where they have the chance to be docile. Docility continues to hold value within cattle operations, and White is confident the trait will continue to gain importance in cattle production. Docility is definitely not just a trend in the industry, but a trait that s here to stay, she says. I think more and more producers are realizing that temperament is one of the many factors that can inhibit performance. 30 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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33 Considerations for HEIFER DEVELOPMENT G. CLIFF LAMB Professor and Head, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University An area of the beef cow/calf enterprise that requires sound nutritional management is in the area of heifer development. In most herds, 15 to 20% of the cow herd is replaced annually by replacement females. These replacement females represent the future genetics of the operation and could dictate the ultimate profitability of the operation. However, failure to focus on sound development of heifers results in decreased reproductive performance and subsequent longevity of those females in the herd. Below I have addressed a few questions that have been raised regarding development of heifers and their impact on lifetime productivity. Why is it important to have heifers give birth to their first calf early in the breeding season? Yearling beef heifers that conceive early in their first breeding season and calve early as 2-yr-olds will have greater lifetime productivity than heifers that calve at older ages. Heifers that produce their first calves early in the calving season tend to continue to calve early in subsequent calving seasons, resulting in increased production and efficiency. An examination of the performance of heifers (n = 16,549) over a 21-year period at the USMARC in Clay Center demonstrated that heifers that calved in the first 21 days of their first calving season were more likely to produce a fifth calf than those that calved later (Figure 1; Cushman and Perry, 2012). These heifers weaned a heavier calf through their sixth calving season; thus, indicating that managing replacement heifers to become pregnant earlier in the breeding season to calve early in the calving season is of greater economic benefit to the cow-calf producer than any other single trait. Strategically adjusting the feeding regimen to result in increased pregnancy rate for a greater majority of heifers to become pregnant at the beginning of the breeding season is critically important to beef producers. Figure 1. Herd survival analysis for heifers based on calving period during the first calving season as a heifer. Heifers that calved in the first 21 days of their first calving season were more likely to remain in the herd to produce a fifth calf (Cushman and Perry et al., 2012). At what age and weight should my heifers be when I start the breeding season? Heifer development continues to be one of the largest expenses to cow-calf operations primarily due to cost of feed. Generally, replacement HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 33

34 heifers should be bred to calve at 24 months of age in order to maximize lifetime productivity of breeding females. Therefore, heifers should conceive at 15 months of age and achieve puberty at months of age because heifers are infertile on the pubertal estrous cycle. For heifers to achieve puberty at months of age, adequate nutrition is required to provide moderate rates of gain post-weaning (675g to 900g/d) such that heifers can achieve a critical body weight prior to achieving puberty Body weight is a primary determinant of puberty attainment in beef heifers. Beef heifers usually achieve puberty at 52 to 60% of mature body. When developing replacement heifers a target body weight method has been used where heifers are provided a level of nutrition that will allow them to reach 60 to 65% of mature body weight prior to the breeding season. The rate of gain needed to reach the target body weight depends upon body weight at weaning and number of days until start of the breeding season. In recent years there has been significant discussion on the use of a threshold that is lower than 60%. However, these strategies tend to be more ideal in well-managed, low input cow/calf systems that expect lower overall pregnancy rates. Therefore, for producers expecting high pregnancy rates a 60 to 65% target is more ideal. One factor that may impact attainment of puberty in heifers is age. Research indicates that a minimum age as well as minimum body weight is required for heifers to achieve puberty. Thus, in some cases heifers fed for increased rates of gain surpass the minimum body weight by the time they reach the minimum age necessary to attain puberty. This would result in these heifers having increased body weight at puberty. Thus, heifer development programs should consider both a target body weight and minimum age, which may reduce feed costs of developing replacement heifers. Does the pattern of body weight gain affect pregnancy success in replacement heifers? The pattern of body weight gain prior to breeding can impact attainment of puberty by beef heifers. Heifer development programs can be designed for heifers to gain weight rapidly early post weaning then maintain weight until the start of the breeding season, have a constant rate of gain up to the start of breeding, or maintain weight early post weaning then gain weight rapidly just prior to breeding. These are illustrated in Figure 2. The primary method is to use a constant rate of gain from weaning to start of breeding. This method requires only moderate energy intake and supplemental feed. Using either of the other methods will require greater energy intake during the rapid gain period, but equal or less total supplemental feed over the entire feeding period to attain similar body weight prior to breeding. This may not necessarily decrease feed costs because a more expensive feed will be needed for the rapid gain period. Feed costs associated with using slow-rapid gain versus constant gain will depend on relative price of feed ingredients. The advantage of the slow-rapid gain method is that a lighter animal is maintained longer which will reduce feed required for maintenance. Using the rapid-slow gain method may seem counter intuitive because a heavier animal must be maintained late in the feeding period, which would increase feed required for maintenance. However, if less expensive high quality feed stuffs such as higher quality forage are available early post-weaning, then this method may reduce heifer development costs. Previous research evaluating pattern of body weight gain from weaning to breeding indicates that these methods can be successfully used to develop replacement heifers. However, an important aspect is the length of time heifers were fed a high-energy diet. In studies where heifers were fed for rapid gain for only 60 days, age at puberty and proportion of heifers cycling prior to breeding was reduced in the slow-rapid gain heifers even though body weight prior to breeding was similar to constant gain heifers. In contrast, studies where heifers were fed for rapid gain for 80 to 90 days either early post-weaning or immediately prior to the breeding season have reported similar age at puberty and pregnancy rates to constant gain heifers. Therefore, if slowrapid or rapid-slow gain methods are used to develop replacement heifers, heifers should be fed a high-energy diet for a minimum of 80 days prior to reaching the target body weight whether this is early post-weaning or immediately prior to start of the breeding season. 34 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

35 nutritional components and physiological signals, but the greatest opportunity for a heifer to become a productive cow is to ensure that she becomes pregnant early in her first breeding season and sound nutritional management of replacement heifers is a key component to ensure successful lifetime productivity of those heifers in the herd. Figure 2. Illustration of different patterns of gain for replacement heifers from weaning to the start of the breeding season. Summary The primary objective of a beef cattle producer is to produce one live calf from every cow once a year. Many factors account for the failure of heifers and cows to maintain that yearly calving interval. The nutrition/reproduction interaction is a complex system involving many interactions between

36 Simplify SIRE SELECTION Profit indexes are developed to allow producers a simpler way to multitrait select sires KAYLA M. WILKENS Utilizing multi-trait selection can sometimes be a challenge for today s cattlemen. Taking into account an array of traits to make the best breeding decisions from not only a reproductive standpoint but a profitability standpoint continues to pose a challenge for producers in identifying the best herd sire to reach the goals of their operation. While making these challenging decisions, it is essential producers are aware of the tools available to assist them in the process. That is where profit indexes come into focus. The advantage of EPDs (expected progeny differences) and dollar indexes are to attempt to take the guesswork out of selecting sires and better inform producers about the next generation, says Shane Bedwell, American Hereford Association (AHA) chief operating officer and director of breed improvement. WHAT ARE PROFIT INDEXES? In 2005 the AHA introduced four profit indexes to assist producers in maximizing profitability, starting with sire selection. AHA has three maternal indexes and one terminal index at every producer s disposal. Ultimately, economically driven indexes are opening the door for cattlemen to select bulls with the most favorable combination of EPDs to maximize profit, taking into account the producers unique scenarios. Profit indexes are a really fantastic tool for commercial cattlemen, says Megan Rolf, Ph.D, assistant professor and researcher at Kansas State University. They really provide a good way to practice multiple trait selection and balance selection among a variety of traits in a logical way. In short, profit indexes provide insight when producers are comparing bulls and weigh profit differences between the bulls based upon the desired traits. Weighing traits differently and assessing the economic value in a specific trait in relation to the index and the other favorable traits develop these indexes. To put it in perspective, Bedwell says the Certified Hereford Beef Index ($CHB) is the terminal index, so it is developed with the thought of producing calves which thrive in a feedlot scenario. In contrast, a maternal index like the Baldie Maternal Index ($BMI) is geared toward producers using Hereford bulls on Angus cows and retaining females as well as retaining ownership and selling non-selected animals on a grid. Oftentimes because of the complexity of multitrait selection, producers have historically singletrait selected or even selected based upon phenotype alone. With economically driven EPDs, all the legwork and headaches are alleviated. Randall Raymond, DVM, from Simplot Livestock Co. says in his experience, selecting for more than two traits can be quite the challenge. 36 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

37 It is really difficult to select for multiple traits at the same time, Raymond says. We have tried to be really balanced in our genetic selection. No trait singly drives the economics. Once you start selecting for more than two traits it is almost impossible to do that effectively and that is where indexes have helped us the most. We have the ability to weight traits for what they are worth economically and select for multiple traits at the same time. Similarly, J.D. Russell, ranch manager at the Matador Ranch, says before the ranch s utilization of profit indexes, it was an extensive process to select sires for multiple traits. He says he and his crew used to spend time sorting bulls based upon traits in a computer system that would provide some insight, but not nearly what profit indexes do. In the past we would take a set of bulls, make a sort of the EPDs based on a weighted value we had derived for what we considered to be the higher valued traits, Russell explains. With the introduction of profit indexes this exercise has already been done. It also allows us to combine evaluations easily. For instance, we can evaluate genetic merit for an individual for maternal characteristics along with carcass quality across several production measures by utilizing these indexes. In conjunction with providing convenience for producers, Bedwell says, profit indexes are a great way to select based upon real-world scenarios. Centered upon what the goals are for an operation, he says selection could be solely based on the four indexes alone the terminal index being $CHB and the three maternal indexes being the Brahman Influence Index ($BII), the Calving Ease Index ($CEZ) and the $BMI. PRODUCING BALDIES Since breeding Hereford bulls to Angus-based cows is such a widely used cross in the commercial industry, the $BMI should be on the minds of cattlemen when aiming to produce replacements. Raymond says crossbreeding cattle promotes hybrid vigor and the Hereford-Angus cross produces efficient replacement females that will, in time, increase profitability in a herd. One of the biggest benefits we get from using Hereford bulls is inserting some heterosis into our breeding programs, Raymond says, so when you have a primarily black and black baldie cow herd that helps us maximize heterosis which drives things like calf vigor, reproductive efficiency and cow longevity. To achieve the goals Raymond describes in regard to producing cost-effective females to retain in a commercial herd scenario, Rolf advises that producers take a serious look at the $BMI. If you are a commercial cow-calf producer using Hereford bulls in crossbreeding programs on Angus-based cows and retaining ownership of calves to be marketed on a CHB grid, then you could use the Baldie Maternal Index to practice multiple trait selection without having to try and figure out the appropriate way to balance selection between all those traits yourself using the EPDs directly, Rolf says. Although the $BMI offers much insight in terms of breeding for females, Bedwell says it is sometimes overlooked in comparison to other indexes. He advises producers to take the index into consideration when selecting bulls, most specifically when looking to enhance longevity in a herd. It is underutilized today, but has potential to provide valuable information when producing successful females, Bedwell says. Russell adds, Matador Cattle Co. utilizes Hereford as an integral part of our maternal genetics. Since our larger commercial ranches are in areas that requires a cow to efficiently produce on the limited resources available, we try to balance traits that will allow her to do that. We believe the Baldie Maternal Index does a good job of providing a measure for these traits, and fits with our maternal genetics business plan. Like Russell, Raymond stresses the importance of good females in a herd from a profitability standpoint. He says in addition to having good females as a vital piece to the puzzle, it is also one of the more complex pieces. Selecting for bulls that are going to impact the female population is probably one of the more challenging parts of genetic selection. You deal with those females for such a long time so it is really important that you make that selection well, Raymond says. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 37

38 Trying to weigh and understand the traits that are important to making that economically viable female is pretty critical. Really the value is identifying what traits are important for making the females and then weighting those traits appropriately and using that equation to select for multiple traits at once. Bedwell says the $BMI is formulated by putting emphasis on Calving Ease - Direct (CE), Weaning Weight (WW), Calving Maternal Ease (CME), Ribeye Area (REA) and Marbling (MARB) and making it heavily weighted on Scrotal Circumference (SC). However, a negative weight is put on Yearling Weight (YW) and Maternal Milk (MM). The reason being, less emphasis on YW and more on WW promotes a more moderate calf that will thrive off less input cost for producers. He says the negative weight on MM is based upon the same idea. Females who have high MM EPDs require more to sustain themselves in a pasture situation, therefore, decreasing the profit margin for producers looking to retain those females. Additionally, milk is inadvertently taken into account with the weaning weight since cows have to milk well for calves to reach a desirable weaning weight. He says because of the heavy emphasis on SC along with the other traits, producers are able to select a bull that will produce moderate females which will reach puberty sooner and last longer in a pasture situation with the lowest input cost. Russell says the Matador Ranch has seen these results firsthand. By using the $BMI, he is able to capitalize from a profitability standpoint in more ways than one. He says the emphasis put on calving ease has been correlated directly back to conception rates on the operation. Because more cows are successfully breeding back, Matador Ranch has had the opportunity to retain fewer females and, ultimately, sell more calves. Furthermore, he says because of the increased emphasis on weaning weight and less on yearling weight. Their cows have a smaller mature size, thus, requiring less input cost and giving way to a higher potential for profit. Lastly, Russell says the emphasis placed on ribeye area provides higher profits for calves the Matador Ranch chooses to feedout versus ones retained for reproduction. EFFECTIVELY USING PROFIT INDEXES Rolf says when looking at profit indexes, the most challenging piece is deciding if an index fits the production goals because they can be used just like an EPD to evaluate the expected differences in progeny performance between two animals. Balanced multi-trait selection is very important, Rolf says. The ability to have one simple number to look at can be really helpful because trying to balance selection on a lot of different EPDs can get a little challenging. An index provides you a single number you can use to make selection decisions as long as the priorities in the index fit what you are trying to accomplish. Producers looking to utilize profit indexes when selecting Hereford sires should first identify the goals for their operation and from there find the index most conducive to their operation. Find an index that fits the goals of your operation, Rolf explains. Once you have the index identified, be sure to check the percentile break down, which you can find on the Hereford website, to really get an idea where bulls may be falling on that spectrum within the Hereford breed. Raymond says meeting the goal of producing cattle that fit their environment is key, and the simplicity of profit indexes has aided greatly in that endeavor. For us the advantage is finding cattle that fit the environment and trying to select for things like low energy requirements and reproductive efficiency and longevity, Raymond says. Those are things that drive profitability in our system. How long can a cow successfully stay in a herd and produce calves to become feeder cattle? It just gets back to identifying what traits are important to accomplish that, putting an economic value on them and selecting for those traits, in a simultaneous fashion. Bedwell says AHA s overarching goal is to support cattlemen in producing the highest quality cattle possible with the use of Hereford genetics, and making these indexes available is just another avenue to accomplish that mission. Producers interested in looking at indexes for Hereford bulls can do so by visiting Hereford.org. There, any bull 38 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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41 can be searched, and a list of his EPDs along with indexes are available. Profit indexes are a great way to provide the needed information in a real-world scenario to aid producers in making breeding decisions, Bedwell explains. AHA is committed to aiding producers in achieving their goals and producing the highest quality cattle possible, so we are available for questions at any time over these tools. LOOKING AHEAD Bedwell says by next spring, the AHA will begin utilizing more traits when developing the $BMI to shine light on an even better evaluation of these traits from a profitability standpoint. He says the new traits added into the mix are going to be Sustained Cow Fertility (SCF), Heifer Calving Rate (HCR) and Dry Matter Intake (DMI). Bedwell adds these are relevant traits that will only aid in the accuracy and efficiency of the $BMI. SCF is a percentage given to a sire based upon the number of years his daughters calve annually. Bedwell says when SCF is more than 100, those sires are associated with more success while sires whose SCF is less than 100 percent are associated with more risk in producing females with longevity. Similarly, HCR is a percentage given to a sire based upon his future daughter s calving rate. Like the SCF, a higher percentage is associated with favorable genetic potential for calving rate in daughters. Bedwell says with the economic effect of reproductive rate in beef cattle operations, it is crucial to take HCR into consideration. As feed intake also plays an integral part in profitability, DMI is another key piece in producing the most accurate profit indexes. DMI identifies the pounds of feed per day a sire s progeny is expected to consume. Bedwell says this trait is vital to determining feed efficiency in future daughters. Continued advancements in indexes to create a more accurate prediction of progeny for producers are an ongoing effort by AHA. Bedwell says adding these traits to $BMI will only improve the index. The addition of these traits will make a more informative and profitable selection process for producers, he says. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 41

42 What is GENE EDITING and the applicability in livestock production? JANI DE VOS, DENIS LOCHNER, REINHARDT STEYN & ESTE VAN MARLE-KÖSTER University of Pretoria, Faculty Natural and Agricultural Science, Department Animal and Wildlife Sciences Modern agriculture faces a plethora of challenges fuelled by the growing human population and increased consumer awareness. The current human population is approximately 7.58 billon and it is projected to grow by another 2.19 billion by the year HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

43 The ever-increasing human population drives demand for red meat products coupled with increased consumer awareness of ethical production practices. Therefore, production of food from livestock needs to be increased by 70% to sustain the global population in This increased production must be realized in a sustainable manner as to ascertain that the environmental load of producing more food is not increased. Increasing production efficiency by means of using genetically superior animals in a certain environment seems to be the answer to elucidate these challenges. For livestock production to meet the growing demand, intensification of current operations seems to be the way forward. Unfortunately, with intensification comes numerous new challenges that a farmer must face; for instance, increased pollution, food safety, and the increased need to use antibiotics. Most, if not all these challenges can be addressed by means of genetic engineering techniques, to ensure increased sustainableand ethical production of wholesome food. The advent of genomic technologies including genetic marker arrays, have added power to conventional animal breeding technologies and accelerating the rate of genetic gain in livestock species. New technologies in the field of genetic engineering might aid in accelerating the rate of genetic gain even further. Genetic engineering is defined as the process in which recombinant DNA (rdna) technology is used to introduce desirable traits into an organism. Gene editing (GE), also referred to as genome editing, is a form of genetic engineering which is defined as the introduction of a predetermined sequence change to the chromosomal DNA of a cellular genome. There are numerous gene editing technologies at the disposal of animal breeders. These include pronuclear microinjection, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), Lentiviral systems, transposons, RNA interference (RNAi), site-specific recombinases, sperm-mediated transgenesis, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) & clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs). The greatest power of these genetic engineering technologies is enabling animal breeders to access genetic variation that is not otherwise normally present in the target species. Genetic modification vs Gene editing? To understand whether there is a difference between genetically modifying animals and gene editing of animals these two concepts should be properly defined. A genetically modified organism (GMO) is defined as an organism that contains a section of genes from another species. Alternatively, the EU defined a GMO as an organism in which the genetic material has been altered in such a way that would not occur naturally by mating and/or recombination. This would be the case when a piece of DNA that is advantageous or that is responsible for important traits is inserted from a bacterial species into an animal such as a pig. This is much different than gene editing where there are changes made to the existing DNA. Gene editing is not transgenic and thus cannot be defined as genetic modification, since gene editing does not involve the transfer of DNA from one species to another. Gene editing will also allow a wider variety of changes to be made to the genome. With gene editing multiple changes to many traits can be made during a single edit. The concept of gene editing can be compared to selective breeding in the sense that when a functional change has been brought about by gene editing it could also have been achieved by selective breeding. The development in of molecular techniques has also provided opportunities for gene editing. In the 1980 s the first technology entailed a pro-nuclear injection where DNA fragments were injected into the pro-nuclease of the zygote stage embryo. Thereafter in the 1990 s somatic cell nuclear transfer evolved making it feasible to transfer genetically modified and fully characterised cells into an enucleated oocyte, capable of cell reprogramming to generate genetically engineered animals. In the 2000 s there was the development of the Lentivirus System, Transposons, RNA Interference, Site-Specific Recombinases & Sperm- Mediated Transgenesis. These systems were all critical in the development of gene editing. In 2010 the CRISPR-Cas9 system was developed. This was a major discovery in gene editing as it is a group of molecules used to edit DNA. The CRISPR-CAS9 is a nuclease which is a type of enzyme that can cut DNA. This system has been engineered to cut any DNA at a specific location using guide RNA to match the target. This can be done within the nucleus of a living cell. There are many possibilities of the use of gene editing in especially livestock species. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 43

44 Application in Agriculture Animal welfare is a growing concern and application of genome editing holds potential for the livestock sector. A prime example of animal welfare is the horns of cattle that are a risk for serious injuries, both for other animals and the handler. Dehorning is a painful and stressful procedure for cattle. Polled cattle improve animal welfare and decrease economic losses due to injuries caused by cattle, as well as less labour required. Polled cattle are produced through genome editing, such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) to introgress the putative PC polled allele into the genome of bovine resulting in a polled phenotype of the offspring. Environmentally friendly pigs have also been produced, called phytase transgenic pigs, which can express bacterial phytase in saliva and thereby reducing fecal phosphorous output. These pigs have been developed for commercial production in Canada due to the focus on the environment and climate change and reducing gas emissions from agriculture. There are a number of examples where gene editing has been used to produce animals with disease resistance, which is most valuable in reducing economic losses and mortalities. Pigs resistant to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Virus (PRRSV) have been produced by the knockout of the CD163 receptor. Another achievement has been farm animals resistant to spongiform encephalopathies (Scrapie and BSE) and cows resistant to staphylococcal mastitis. This means a major decrease in economic losses due to Veterinary bills, medicine and mortalities. Atlantic salmon has been the first product approved for gene editing and can now be found on the dinner table. These animals have been genetically edited for faster growth, are 20% more feed efficient and eat 25% less food. When this is considered for other farm animals to increase the growth potential and feed efficiencies the benefits can clearly be seen. What does this mean for the future? The current strategies used to introduce novel traits into a population over multiple generations by means of conventional breeding strategies is effective but slow. Gene-editing is an expensive technology, but could provide solutions to some of the challenges faced by modern breeders to ensure long term viability of production. What size SHOULD A COW BE? PJ BUDLER I ve had a lot of questions after shows or seminars regarding what size a cow should be. This is my answer, and its more complex than me just giving you a weight or frame size. If, as a breeder, you really are concerned about producing adapted, functionally efficient cattle - here are some principles to implement. (Numbers, percentages and timelines below are adaptable. The principle is to implement a system or program). 1. Give your cow herd the nutrition that is generally applied by progressive commercial producers in your area. 2. A heifer must calve for the first time by 27 months old. 3. All females must calve on time, every year. 4. Use a 90 day breeding period. 5. Establish a minimum acceptable weaning weight. 6. Females must wean calves at 7 months old that are at least 45% of their body weight. 7. Only keep the females in your herd that meet all 6 of these requirements every year. 8. Very soon, the size, weight and type of the cows that remain in your breeding herd will be the ideal size for the market and will be adapted to your environment. 44 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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48 Jack Ward Judge of the National Championships 2017 Judging the anniversary show in Moorreesburg, South Africa was an experience of a lifetime for me. It was exciting to see the quality of the cattle and to interact with your breeders on the various environments that your country is faced with. This is not much different than in the United States. The cattle exhibited were very strong and possessed a great degree of structural correctness, muscle with the right amount of performance. It was also obvious that the South African Hereford Breeders had put selection pressure on the cosmetic components of the breed such as eye set and pigment. It really appeared that the breeders have positioned themselves well to continue to grow. It was also very apparent that your breeders were passionate about their programs. In addition to the show, my son Cameron and I had a fantastic time visiting with breeders and touring parts of South Africa. It was impressive to see the diversity of agriculture products grown even through the short visit that we had. My background is all built around agriculture. I am the third generation in my family to be involved in the seestock cattle business. I am currently the Executive Vice President of the American Hereford Association (AHA), and I have been with the AHA for 14 years. I received a Bachelor of Science degree from Purdue University and after graduation, I spent 17 years managing seedstock cattle operations before joining AHA. My wife of 26 years, Mary Ann, and I have two sons, Cameron and Carter. We still operate a small registered herd and my sons have been active in showing cattle on the local, state and national level. I want to thank the South African Hereford society for asking me to be a part of your celebration. I will always remember the experience and I wish all of you the best for the future. 48 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

49 Kampioen Verskalf: BMH1636 PP Mong Trust Res Verskalf: Puttergill Gabi GS Puttergill Intermediêre Kampioen vroulik: Puttergill Urusula GS Puttergill Res Intermediêre Kampioen vroulik: Locheim Stage Girl Dr CW Scholtz Junior & Groot Kampioen & Goue beker vroulike dier: Vicedale Vicedale Herefords BK Res Junior Kampioen vroulik dier: Vicedale Vicedale Herefords BK Senior & Res Groot Kampioen koei: Puttergill Mimsi GS Puttergill Reserwe Senior Kampioen koei: WDW HW de Waal Hereford NASIONALE KAMPIOENSKAPPE HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 49

50 Bulkalf Kampioen: BMH1629 PP Mong trust Reserwe bulkalf Kampioen: Locheim WDW HW de Waal Res Junior & Res Groot Kampioen bul: WDW1534 HW de Waal Hereford NASIONALE KAMPIOENSKAPPE Intermediêre Kampioen bul: Ehrenhof Bismark Ehrenhof Herefords Res Intermediêre Kampioen bul: Zuikerkop Rocket Dr CW Scholtz Junior, Groot & Opperste Kampioen bul: Zuikerkop Rayban Dr CW Scholtz Senior Kampioen bul: JR1305 GS Puttergill Reserwe Senior Kampioen bul: Bonhaven Bonhaven Beef Cattle Super Koei BMH 1256 PP Mong Trust 50 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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52 Groepklasse NASIONALE KAMPIOENSKAPPE Klas 1: Vers 9 en onder 12 maande 1 Ja-Niel Miss Melody DJ van Breda 2 Zetler Rose Queen 1633 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 3 Puttergill Iona GS Puttergill 4 Bonhaven Silk 1654 Bonhaven Beef Cattle 5 Puttergill Sweetie GS Puttergill 6 Mouton Cambria 1610 CJ Mouton Klas 2: Vers 12 maande en onder 15 maande 1 Puttergill Gabi GS Puttergill 2 Puttergill Kirsten GS Puttergill 3 Ja-Niel Ultimate Love DJ van Breda 4 BM Siska PP Mong Trust 5 Ja-Niel Ultimate Silk DJ van Breda 6 Locheim Lady Like HW de Waal Klas 3: Vers 15 maande en onder 18 maande 1 BM Gene PP Mong Trust 2 Vicedale JR Vicedale Herefords BK 3 Zuikerkop Tryfekta Dr CW Scholtz 4 Zuikerkop Symphony Dr CW Scholtz 5 Ja-Niel Classy Dice DJ van Breda 6 Ja-Niel Classic Girl DJ van Breda Klas 4: Vers 18 maande en onder 21 maande 1 Locheim Stage Girl Dr CW Scholtz 2 Sanniesguns Star Struck 1601 Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust 3 Locheim Excellent HW de Waal 4 BM Catalina PP Mong Trust 5 Locheim Vera 1608 HW de Waal 6 Vicedale JR Vicedale Herefords BK Klas 5: Vers 12 maande en onder 24 maande 1 Puttergill Urusula GS Puttergill 2 Zuikerkop Key Note Dr CW Scholtz 3 Zuikerkop Annet Dr CW Scholtz 4 Miquiline Oyster Pip 1531 Louws Boerdery Trust 5 Sanniesguns Vicka Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust 6 Zuikerkop Royal Dr CW Scholtz Klas 6: Vers 24 en onder 27 maande 1 Locheim World Class HW de Waal 2 Ja-Niel Duvet DJ van Breda 3 BM Gene PP Mong Trust 4 Vicedale JR Vicedale Herefords BK 5 BM Steffie PP Mong Trust 6 Zetler Rose-Queen 1517 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise Klas 7: Koei 27 en onder 30 maande 1 Vicedale Vicedale Herefords BK 2 Vicedale Vicedale Herefords BK 3 Miss Duvet HW de Waal 4 BM Ina PP Mong Trust 5 Zuikerkop Michelle Dr CW Scholtz Klas 8: Koei 30 en onder 33 maande 1 Locheim Absolute Girl HW de Waal 2 Ja-Niel Mari 15 DJ van Breda Klas 9: Koei 33 en onder 36 maande 1 Hoekland Charade 1423 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 2 Mooifontein Nektar 1454 JF Otto 3 Zuikerkop Candis Dr CW Scholtz 4 Ja-Niel Fairy DJ van Breda Klas 10: Koei 36 maande en jonger as 42 maande 1 Puttergill Mimsi GS Puttergill 2 Puttergill Skye GS Puttergill 3 BM Arche PP Mong Trust 4 BM Daniel PP Mong Trust 5 BM Steffie PP Mong Trust 6 Zuikerkop Rose Dr CW Scholtz Klas 11: Koei 42 maande en onder 48 maande 1 Locheim Victor T 179 HW de Waal 2 Locheim Miss Lego HW de Waal 3 Locheim Grande Parade HW de Waal Locheim Nibbs Girl HW de Waal Klas 12: Koeie 48 maande en jonger as 60 maande 1 Puttergill Ivy GS Puttergill 2 Zuikerkop Elzahn Dr CW Scholtz 3 Mooifontein Nektar A 1330 JF Otto 4 BM Ceaser PP Mong Trust 5 Mooifontein Melody A 1339 JF Otto 6 Zuikerkop Sanet Dr CW Scholtz Klas 13: Koei 60 maande en ouer (moet kalf onder 8 maande hê wat by haar loop) 1 Locheim Cathrine HW de Waal 2 BM Nicky PP Mong Trust 3 Locheim Miss Fire Fly HW de Waal 4 Zetler Bonny 1211 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 5 Locheim Hot Property Vicedale Herefords BK 6 Vicedale Vicedale Herefords BK Klas 14: Droë koeie 36 tot 60 maande dragtig 1 Mouton Miss Johanne CJ Mouton 2 Mooifontein Melody 1403 JF Otto Klas 15: Droë koei 60 maand en ouer, dragtig 1 Mooifontein June 0963 JF Otto 2 Mooifontein Berta 0974 JF Otto 3 Mooifontein Melody 1062 JF Otto 4 Moofontein Ivy 0840 JF Otto 52 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

53 Klas 16: Bul 9 en onder 12 maande 1 Miquiline Ivan Louws Boerdery Trust 2 Hoekland Jan Tremendouos 1605 Hoekland Herefords 3 Bonhaven Silver Renegade 1636 Bonhaven Beef Cattle 4 BM Claude PP Mong Trust Klas 17: Bul 12 maande en onder 15 maande 1 Puttergill Merlot GS Puttergill 2 BM Brutus PP Mong Trust 3 Puttergill Usain GS Puttergill 4 Ja-Niel Doubtful DJ van Breda 5 Ehrenhof G Renegdae 1603 Ehrenhof Herefords 6 Locheim Brisbane HW de Waal Klas 18: Bul 15 maande en onder 18 maande 1 BM Brutus PP Mong trust 2 Locheim WDW HW de Waal 3 BM Grown4u PP Mong trust 4 BM Home Wonder 08-3 PP Mong trust 5 Vicedale JR Vicedale Herefords BK 6 Sanniesguns Dreamer Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust Klas 19: Bul 18 mande en onder 21 maande 1 BM can-do Wonder PP Mong Trust 2 BM Lego Claude PP Mong Trust 3 Vicedale Wrestler Vicedale Herefords BK 4 Sanniesguns the Hulk 1603 Sanniesguns Boerdery trust 5 Zuikerkop Proper Dr CW Scholtz 6 Sanniesguns Knight 1602 Sanniesguns Boerdery trust Klas 20: Bul 21 maande en onder 24 maande 1 Zuikerkop Rocket Dr CW Scholtz 2 Puttergill Champman GS Puttergill 3 Locheim Banderas HW de Waal 4 Vicedale Waterloo Vicedale Herefords BK 5 Sanniesguns the Foundation Sanniesguns Boerdery trust Mooifontein Conrad 1558 JF Otto Klas 21: Bul 24 maande en onder 27 maande 1 Ehrenhof Bismark 1501 Ehrenhof Herefords 2 BM Brutus PP Mong Trust 3 Locheim Padre HW de Waal 4 Mooifontein Chipper 1544 JF Otto 5 Vicedale WINNETOU Vicedale Herefords BK 6 Ja-Niel Prime Prede DJ van Breda Klas22: Bul 27 maande en onder 30 maande 1 Locheim WDW HW de Waal 2 Zetler B Renegade 1510 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 3 Locheim Canon Ball HW de Waal 4 BM Claude PP Mong Trust 5 Zuikerkop Fortune Dr CW Scholtz 6 Locheim Parthfinder HW de Waal Klas 23: Bul 30 maande onder 33 maande 1 Puttergill Racer GS Puttergill 2 Locheim Granade HW de Waal 3 Locheim Performer15022 HW de Waal 4 Ja-Niel Vice DJ van Breda Klas 24: Bul 33 maande en onder 36 maande 1 Zuikerkop Rayban Dr CW Scholtz 2 Zuikerkop Lanza Dr CW Scholtz 3 Locheim Trial Balancer HW de Waal 4 Locheim Boundrybeaker HW de Waal 5 Locheim Zanzibar HW de Waal Klas 25: Bul 36 maande en onder 42 maande 1 Bonhaven Bonhaven Beef Cattle 2 Locheim Facebook HW de Waal 3 Puttergill Ranger GS Puttergill 4 Locheim Sunchine HW de Waal 5 Zuikerkop Pride Dr CW Scholtz 6 Locheim Date Line HW de Waal Klas 26: Bul 42 maande en onder 48 maande 1 Zuikerkop Major Salute Dr CW Scholtz 2 Bonhaven Benchmark 1327 Bonhaven Beef Cattle 3 BM Romeo PP Mong Trust Klas 27: Bul 48 maande en onder 60 maande 1 Vicedale Roger 0513 GS Puttergill 2 Hoekland Lang Renegade 1303 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 3 Zuikerkop Red Bull Dr CW Scholtz HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 53

54 Klas 28: 2 verse/koeie geteel deur vertoner 1 GS Puttergill 2 Vicedale Herefords BK 3 PP Mong Trust 4 PP Mong Trust 5 Vicedale Herefords BK 6 HW de Waal Klas 29: 2 bulle onder 36 maande geteel deur vertoner 1 PP Mong Trust 2 HW de Waal 3 GS Puttergill 4 Vicedale Herefords BK 5 Vicedale Herefords BK 6 Dr CW Scholtz Klas 30: Beste paar - manlik en vroulike diere 1 GS Puttergill 2 PP Mong Trust 3 HW de Waal 4 Vicedale Hereford BK 5 Vicedale Hereford BK 6 Dr CW Scholtz Klas 31: Groep van 3 (beide geslagte) Nageslag van een bul 1 GS Puttergill 2 Vicedale Herefords BK 3 Vicedale Herefords BK 4 Dr CW Scholtz 5 HW de Waal 6 Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust Klas 32: Fase C prestasie getoetste bul - onder 24 maande 1 BM Can-do Wonder PP Mong Trust 2 Vicedale JR Vicedale Herefords BK 3 BM Lego Claude PP Mong Trust 4 Vicedale Allastair Vicedale Herefords BK 5 BM Brutus PP Mong Trust 6 BM Home Wonder 08-3 PP Mong Trust Klas 33: Fase C prstasie getoetste bul maande 1 BM Claude PP Mong Trust 2 Mooifontein Chipper 1544 JF Otto 3 Locheim Granade HW de Waal 4 BM Romeo PP Mong Trust Klas 34: Fase D prestasie getoetste bul - onder 24 maande 1 BM Grown4U PP Mong Trust 2 BM Brutus PP Mong Trust 3 Ja-Niel Doubtful DJ van Breda 4 BM Aletta PP Mong Trust Klas 35: Fase D prestasie getoetste bul maande 1 Zuikerkop Rayban Dr CW Scholtz 2 BM Brutus PP Mong Trust 3 Zuikerkop Lanza Dr CW Scholtz 4 Ja-Niel Prime Pride PP Mong Trust 5 BM Bullet PP Mong Trust 6 BM Romeo PP Mong Trust Klas 36: Superkoei 1 BM Nicky PP Mong Trust 2 Locheim Miss Fire Fly HW de Waal 3 Mooifontein Ivy 0840 JF Otto 4 BM Steffie PP Mong Trust 5 Crest Rose-Queen 310 S Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise 6 Mooifontein Berta 0974 JF Otto Klas 38: Beste hanteerder onder 12 jaar 1 Winston Carolus CJ Mouton 2 Esther van Eeden Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust 3 Petru van Eeden Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust 4 John van Rhyn Hoekland Herefords 5 Naldo Adonis CJ Mouton 6 Oliver Puttergill GS Puttergill 7 Brian Mouoton CJ Mouton Klas 39: Beste hanteerder 12 tot 18 jaar 1 Jan Willem Scholtz Dr CW Scholtz 2 Bernhard Koster Vicedale Herefords BK Premium Exibitor 1 PP Mong Trust 54 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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56 ROYAL SKOU Senior en grootkampioenbul, Malina Piet PL Eienaar: Mnr. PC Eustace, Arbor Herefords, Himeville. Hanteerder: Mnr. Scoti Thlamine. Senior en grootkampioenkoei, asook die superkoei, Waldecke Nektar PMH Eienaar: Mnr. Ewald Köhne, Waldecke-stoetery, Hermannsburg, Greytown. Hanteerder: Mnr. Qubegani Bengu. Junior en reserwegrootkampioenbul, Waldecke Brutus EWK Eienaar: Mnr. Ewald Köhne, Waldeckestoetery, Hermannsburg,Greytown. Hanteerder: Mnr. Qubegani Bengu. Junior en reserwegrootkampioenkoei, Waldecke Nikita 2de EWK Eienaar: Mnr. Ewald Köhne, Waldecke-stoetery, Hermannsburg, Greytown. 56 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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58 RIVERSDAL SKOU VERSKALF KAMPIOEN DVB16124 JA-NIEL MISS MELODY RESERWE VERSKALF KAMPIOEN BMH1695 BM SISKA BULKALF KAMPIOEN DVB1746 JA-NIEL LADEN PRIDE RESERWE BULKAF KAMPIOEN BMH16104 BM CLAUDE INTERMEDIERE KAMPIOEN WDW15162 LOCHEIM EXCELLENT RESERWE INTERMEDIERE KAMPIOEN ZK1633 ZUIKERKOP SYMPHONY INTERMEDIERE KAMPIOEN BMH1637 BM GROWN4U RESERWE INTERMEDIERE KAMPIOEN BMH1615 BM HOME WONDER 08-3 JUNIOR & RES GROOT KAMPIOEN WDW1517 LOCHEIM ABSOLUTE GIRL RESERWE JUNIOR KAMPIOEN DVB15114 JA-NIEL ELLE JUNIOR & RES GROOT KAMPIOEN WDW1536 LOCHEIM WDW RESERWE JUNIOR KAMPIOEN DVB1573 JA-NIEL PRIME PRIDE 58 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

59 SENIOR & GROOT KAMPIOEN WDW1148 LOCHEIM MISS FIRE FLY SENIOR & GROOT KAMPIOEN WDW14113 LOCHEIM FACEBOOK RESERWE SENIOR KAMPIOEN BMH1377 BM WONDER RITA VRYBURG SKOU KALF KAMPIOEN BUL JR17002 INTERMEDIÊRE & GROOT KAMPIOEN BUL JR15031 JUNIOR KAMPIOEN BUL JR GROOT KAMPIOEN KOEI BMH HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 59

60 SOUTH AFRICAN HEREFORD SOCIETY Celebrates 100 Years! STEPHEN SCOTT, Executive Director, Canadian Hereford Association 60 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

61 South African Hereford Breeders should be incredibly proud of this achievement. An anniversary of this magnitude is humbling when reminded that many organizations don t have the opportunity to celebrate 100 years of success. From an onlooker s perspective, it is the passion for the breed and fortitude toward the development of agriculture that has sustained the Hereford Breed in South Africa for 100 years. I m sure this drive and determination will continue to benefit the breed in the future as well. It was such a great experience to be able to attend the South African Hereford Centenary in September It s always been a dream of mine to visit South Africa. Good Cattle, Good People It was an experience like no other to see the volume of cattle that each exhibitor brought out to the Ag Expo in Moorreesburg. Getting the opportunity to watch large strings of cattle enter the ring give you better insight into the heart of each of the breeder s herds. I d like to commend the Hereford breeders on the great quality of the cattle displayed. It was a real treat to see the hard work and dedication that South African breeders have put into their operations - that hard work shows through in the quality of cattle that were displayed at the exhibition. On Display For The World to See I must compliment the quality of the Hereford Headquarters - what a nice venue to come visit with people and put your feet up for a few minutes. Teresa and her team hosted us in great style, making us feel right at home. The Canadian contingent was able to meet many South African breeders and they welcomed us with open arms. The banquet that followed the selection of the Champion animals was a tremendous event. The overview of the Hereford breeders that started and continue to develop the breed in South Africa was such an interesting presentation of the history of the breed in South Africa. Fertile, Adaptable and Sustainable It s always interesting to travel to different parts of the world, and see how the Hereford breed is marketed; surprisingly enough, quite often the messaging is the same. The value of the Hereford breed is what these cattle do best: their profitability due to their fertility, feed efficiency and temperament makes the Hereford breed a very sustainable breed of cattle. Along with their natural adaptability, and ability to crossbreed well, Herefords are a great choice for purebred and commercial cattleman alike. South African Herefords are no different - it s obvious that these traits are universal to the breed, and universally important to cattle producers globally. Nature Never Disappoints From touring vineyards, to Table Mountain, to driving through the vastly diverse countryside - the natural beauty of South Africa did not disappoint. During our stay we saw much of the highlights of the Western Cape; a once in a life time opportunity. Our group was able to see sights that will be remembered for a long time, like the view from Table Mountain on a clear day, whale watching in Hermanus, and the wildlife at Inverdoorn Safari. Congratulations on 100 years of success - and thank you for putting on such a great celebration of this milestone. It was a pleasure to meet you all, tour your farms, see your great Hereford cattle and visit your beautiful country! HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 61

62 MESSAGE FROM THE Secretary General PEPE 2017 was a great year for the Hereford breed, with plenty of good news arriving from all over the world! SA Herefords celebrating their Centenary last September, was a real landmark. A great National Show, great celebrations and plenty of friendship and hospitality during a whole week is something that will last for long not only in the hearts and souls of South African breeders but also in foreign visitors! In USA, the American Hereford Association states that their Fiscal Year 2017 ended with documented growth in all segments, including registrations, cow inventory and membership. Canada had a great Show at the renewed Agribition facilities. Sales went up and everybody was very pleased. We were able to visit many herds where feed efficiency is being recorded and shared with the breeders how enthusiastic they are on this new trait. Please remember that Canada and Uruguay are sharing their RFI banks and efforts in order to provide more accurate EPDs to satisfy either seedstock and commercial breeders. Both the United Kingdom and Ireland have a growing demand for beef coming from Hereford crosses. Registrations and membership number are going up year after year and bull prices are really satisfying with new record top prices! Argentina beef industry, due to a new government in power, is back in the export markets. At the Palermo Show last July, it was quite an experience to seed old friends with a new face, full of joyce, very happy for the new opportunities and expectations beef was providing them after many years of just supplying the local market. Sales, as expected, were much better. Paraguay is a new and very dynamic member in the beef international trade. Herefords are playing and encouraging role improving beef quality on their cebu national cattle inventory. In Uruguay Herefords are the most popular breed and registration numbers increased in The Feed Efficiency test ran at Kiyu is still visited frequently either by politicians as well as foreign cattlemen and researchers. But the best news comes from the Future. As stated in a previous message, we must remember that world population as well as world average personal income is increasing, providing beef with an expected growing demand either in quantity as well as in quality. This are excellent expectations either if you are providing export or local markets. The international Hereford community will meet again in Hungary next September 2018 at the 15 th European Hereford Conference, while we wait for World Hereford Conference 2020 at New Zealand. I am looking forward to meet again with some of you there. My best wishes to all South African Hereford breeders! 62 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

63 Swierige Eeufeesviering vir die SA herefordtelers Verskeie pryse is op die dinee aan telers oorhandig wat puik prestasies behaal het. Hier is, van links, dr. Hinner Köster, prof. Esté van Marlé Köster, mnre. Heiko Köster, Grant Puttergill, Cillié de Vries, me. Liezel Grobler, Mnr Drikus Mouton, dr. Carl Scholtz, Bertus Mong, Jan-Willem Scholtz en Jack Ward. Mnr. Jack Ward, Internasionale beesbeoordelaar van Amerika, oorhandig n geskenk aan mnr. Bertus Mong, voorsitter van die SA Herefordtelersvereniging, namens die Amerikaanste Herefordtelersvereniging n Groot aantal telers van oor Suid-Afrika heen het eerbewyse en sertifikate van die vereniging ontvang Mnr. Wicus Kruger is as ere-lewenspresident van die vereniging aangewys Groot Kampioen vroulike dier en Opperste Ras kampioen - prof. Esté van Marlé Köster, Heiko Köster & dr. Hinner Köster Groot Kampioen bul - dr. Carl Scholtz Mnre. Appie Maritz (links en Wilhelm van Niekerk van BKB het n veiling behartig waartydens tien Hereforddiere opgeveil is Premium breeder, meeste punte op die skou - mnr. Bertus Mong HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 63

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65 Hereford raad Voor links: Dr Hinner Köster (Vise-President), Bertus Mong (President) Agter link: Philip de Waal, Lawrence Moorcroft, Danie van Breda, Dr Carl Scholtz, Russell Clark Inlas: Carl Miles HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 65

66 Veilingsuitslae Ermelo R R R R R R R R Kuruman R R R R R R Brownstones R R R R R R R R Griffen R R R R R R R R Bonhaven R R R R R R R R Nasionale veiling R R R R R R KRM R R R R R R R R Vryburg R R R R R R HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

67 Auction results Swartland Veeboere R R R R R R R R Sanniesguns R R R R R R R R Kevlynn R R R R R R R R Barkley-Oos R R R R R R R R Syferpan R R R R R R R R PP Mong Trust R R R R R R R R Malina R R R R R R R R Ja-Niel R R Howard Long R R HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 67

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70 MOORCROFT koeie: 1. Hoekland Herefords - TKP Wilkloof Boerdery BK - TKP Kriek en Seuns - TKP Louws Boerdery Trust - TKP 381 Toekennings JAG BOTHA SYFERPAN 314 MOORCROFT koeie 1. Moorcroft SL & Sons PTY - ICP S. Zetler & Sons Farm Enterprise - TKP BONHAVEN BEEF CATTLE - ICP Gravic Farm Trust - ICP koeie 1. JAG Botha - TKP PP Mong Trust - TKP koeie 1. RT Clark - ICP DJ van Breda - TKP Dr CW Scholtz - TKP HW de Waal - TKP 387 Verbeterde TKP De Klerk FJ en Mev N met 40 dae verbeter Koei van die jaar SLM0314 Bul van die jaar ZK13 88 Herd that has received the most cow awards (Elite, Superior, Excellent) over the past year (01/03/ /02/2017) Mr. R.T. Clark - Cow awards -2X SILWER & 2 BRONZE =4 TOEKENNINGS. DR SCHOLTZ Herd that has tested the most bulls under Phase D (Bulls completed test) over the past year (01/03/ /02/2017) HFD HFD Mr. R.T. Clark Nasionale Vleisbees Verbeteringsskema, kudde met 3 of meer bulle getoets in Fase C met laagste voeromset:(01/03/ /02/2017). HFD PP Mong Trust HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

71 PP MONG RT CLARK ZK MIX C22HFD C22 28-Jul Oct Dec-15 HFDMBMH MIX C22HFD C22 26-Nov Feb Apr-15 HFDMBMH MIX C22HFD C22 28-Jul Oct Dec-15 HFDMBMH Personality of the Year For his contribution to the breed in his home province of KwaZulu-Natal and his work on amending the Hereford constitution. EWALD KÖHNE SA Stamboek Vleiskudde van die Jaar INITIALS SURNAME TOEKENNING DJ VAN BREDA GOUD PP MONG TRUST SILVER EUSTACE DOUVAT HEREFORDS SCHOLTZ HOEKLAND Grootste telers SILVER SILVER BRONS BRONS HW de Waal 493 diere Dr CW Scholtz 487 diere DJ van Breda 409 diere Louwrens PA 364 diere HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 71

72 Op die hoek & AAN DIE HAK Danie van Breda wenner kampioen karkas en groep Herefords Philip de Waal kampioen op hoef (3) en groep op hoef (3, 4, 5) Landbouweekblad/SA Stamboek Elite 2018 Platinum Koei toekennings 72 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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74 Vleissentraal-Stamboek Elite Bulgroeitoetsklas Elite bulle ZK TEST Animal ID Owner BIRTH_DTM WEAN_ IND ADA ADG KLEIBER FCR ADG_ IN_GRP ADG_IN_ TYR_AVG KLEIBER_ GRP FCR_ IN_GRP WEA_EI ADG_EI FCR_ EI KLBR_EI SCR_EI D11 HFDMBN JAG Botha 13-Oct D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 18-Sep D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 06-Oct D11 HFDMBN JAG Botha 14-Oct D11 HFDMHH Hoogland Herefords 12-Sep D11 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 20-Jun C22 HFDMUJ Douvat 28-Aug D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 27-Sep D11 HFDMHH Hoogland Herefords 08-Sep D11 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 01-May D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 24-Sep D11 HFDMHH Hoogland Herefords 27-Sep HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

75 D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 25-Sep C22 HFDMDVB DJ van Breda 05-Mar D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 09-Sep D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 08-Sep D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 19-Sep D11 HFDMZK Dr CW Scholtz 24-Sep C12 HFDMZK Dr CW Scholtz 01-Sep D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 27-Sep D11 HFDMBN Bonhaven 31-Oct C22 HFDMUJ JAG Botha 13-Nov D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 16-Sep D11 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 08-May D11 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 06-Jun D11 HFDMZK Dr CW Scholtz 08-Sep D11 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 04-Apr C22 HFDMBMH PP Mong Trust 04-Apr D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 15-Sep D11 HFDMKRM RT Clark 27-Sep HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 75

76 HEREFORD KI GIDS AI GUIDE LOCHEIM WDW P (Semen = R125/straw; volume discount will apply) Absolute class for stud breeding a true champion One of the best Hereford bulls ever in South Africa Named bull of the year in South Africa 2014 A bull that makes imported semen unnecessary Good conformation, excellent muscling and full pigmentation Excellent performance figures Semen beskikbaar by Vicedale Herefords (eienaar) 76 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

77 ZUIKERKOP ZK BEEF BUMPER HE3379 Beef Bumper, n poenskop Hereford bul uit die Lincolinbloedlyn. Die bul se kalwers is 1/2kg swaarder as rasgemiddeld, en het silwer meriete in n fase C toets behaal. Hy het uitstekende teelwaardes op speen, jaaroud en 18 maande met n baie goeie voeromsetverhouding. Die bul is uit dieselfde moeder as die vorige junior Suid-Afrikaanse kampioen en het ook die intteras prestasietoetsklas in Bloemfontein gewen. Hy is reeds in embrioprogramme deur van die land se voorste telers gebruik. Semen beskikbaar R (BTW uitgesluit) adminfs@taurus.co.za ZUIKERKOP ZK P This bull will not increase dystocia problems and will breed smaller, feed efficient animals and weights slightly lower than the average Hereford. Represented the Hereford breed at the 2011 Pretoria Show ARC Performance Test Class. Beskikbaar by R85-00, CELL: , roy@xseed.co.za HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 77

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80 KENRUSSMARK P (Semen = R95/straw (5kg/205 day calve); volume discount will apply - Bull with all the desired traits for stud breeding - Vicedale progeny speaks for itself; first bull calve winner at 2011 Nationals and now also used as stud bull in Vicedale herd - Proven sire - Has done well in the Vicedale as well as other SA and Zimbabwean herds - Bred from best Hereford lines in South Africa - Renegade & Vicedale S3 (Res National Champion 86 genetics) - Good conformation, excellent muscling and pigmentation - Excellent growth and feed efficiency Phase C tested - Semen available from Vicedale Herefords (owner) Locheim Kyanama Mike (WDW070020) (Semen = R95/straw; volume discount will apply) - Very much suited for stud breeding - Proven sire - Has done well in the Vicedale herd - Good conformation, medium type and excellent muscling and dark brown coated - Good performance figures and a show champion Semen beskikbaar by Vicedale Herefords (eienaar) 80 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

81 Locheim Best Performer WDW (Semen = R150/straw; volume discount will apply) - Absolute class for stud breeding National Champion 2014 and 3rd in World Hereford Bull of the Year Award competition, Fort Worth, Texas. - One of the best Hereford bulls ever in South Africa - Named bull of the year in South Africa A bull that makes imported semen unnecessary - Good conformation, excellent muscling and good eyebrows with full pigmentation - Excellent performance figures, which he passes on to his progeny - Has done excellent in all herds used so far across South Africa Semen beskikbaar by Vicedale Herefords (eienaar) BM Boomer HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 81

82 Kenrussmark Semen beskikbaar by Taurus Puttergill Usain Semen beskikbaar by CRV Xseed 82 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

83 Hereford keurderslys NAME ADDRESS TELEPHONE MOBILE HEINRICH BRUWER POSBUS 4144, VRYBURG, RUSSELL CLARK P.O. BOX 247, DORDRECHT, WICUS KRUGER ZAAIFONTEIN, POSBUS 132, COLESBERG, PIET LOUWRENS P.O. BOX 93, KOKSTAD, KEVIN MILES P.O. BOX 131, DORDRECHT, BERTUS MONG RIVIERA, POSBUS 52, VILLIERSDORP, MONTY MONTGOMERY POSBUS 739, BREDASDORP, gf.montgomery@virbac.co.za LAWRENCE MOORCROFT P.O. BOX 2036, KOMANI, syferpan@isat.co.za PIET ROSSOUW VAALBANK, POSBUS 128, COLIGNY, WILHELM VAN NIEKERK POSBUS 678, MALMESBURY, pompiesvn@telkomsa.net HARLEY VAN RHYN POSBUS 168, WOLSELEY, harley@hoeklandherefords.com STEFAN VAN WYK POSBUS 11562, UNIVERSITAS, stefan@agritrader.co.za HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 83

84 HEREFORDS The Breed here in the UK continues to grow in terms of pedigree and cross bred animals in the Beef Sector. The number of pedigree animals has grown by 60% over the last 10 years, with registrations for the calendar year 2016 up to over 9,000 registered animals. The number of members has also increased to more than 1,500. Commercially the Branded Beef Schemes at a number of major supermarkets has helped to increase the awareness of the breed with the public and an additional multiple retailer, Lidl, came on board stocking Hereford meat products earlier this year has seen a year of change within the Hereford Cattle Society by saying farewell to David Prothero who had worked for the Society for 47 years 34 of those as Breed Secretary. David is the second longest serving Breed Secretary in the history of the Hereford Cattle Society and, under his careful, calm and assured management, the Society has grown and flourished to the level it is today. This legacy is something that myself, the Council, Members and Staff at Hereford House have to build upon to take the Breed back to become the number one Beef Breed in the U.K. At the Society s Annual Dinner in October we said a formal farewell to David to mark his retirement with his wife Erica, his two sons and four grandchildren and, of course, his dogs!! Prior to David s retirement I was appointed Chief Executive Officer. I have worked within the agricultural and horticultural industries for nearly 20 years, my last position being with the Harper Adams Trial Vickers Supreme, Grand Female Dendor 1 Jennefer 15th from B Birch & G Brindley 84 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

85 Soil Association, where I was a Senior Inspector Manager. In this role I was responsible for a team of UK based office staff and remote workers, as well as contractors overseas, and establish new partnerships with other Agri-food businesses. We also say goodbye to Lewis Thomas our Accountant who leaves after 62 years at the end of November this year. Lewis joined the Society at 15 years old in 1956 and is one of the few people alive today who was present at the world-famous Vern Dispersal Sale in Lewis is also retiring to spend more time with his wife Anne and family. The Trial of Hereford Sired Cattle grazing alongside Holstein steers progresses well at Harper Adams University. A number of Council Members and staff visited the animals at the end of August where the Herefords were making clear gains. A comparison trial using Simmentals and British Blue of animals 12 months younger shows the Hereford out-performing all other Breeds at this stage. The Hereford cattle have moved on to fodder beet where they will be wintered before being finished from grass in the Spring. Hereford cattle have been extremely popular at all major Agricultural Shows this Summer with entries in excess of 100 lots at a number of events. During the last 12 months we have received visitors to Hereford House from Finland, Canada and Ireland and Clubs from within the UK and we do, of course, always welcome anyone from anywhere in the World to the Home of the Breed. The Society s Beef Website - org.uk continues to try and generate demand for Hereford beef and we remain the only Breed Society in the UK undertaking such a venture and are expanding our portfolio of purveyors of Hereford Beef. We look forward to hopefully seeing some of your Members at the European Conference in Hungary in HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 85

86 Digital submissions must be at least 300dpi and in JPEG format 2018 SA Hereford Photo Competition The SA Hereford Society will be hosting a seasonal Hereford shots contest for all photography enthusiast. Entries for each season will be judged by Caria Vermaak. The top 5 photos will then compete for a people's choice award on the SA Hereford Cattle Breeders' Society Facebook page. The winning photo from each season will receive a SA Hereford shirt. At the end of all four seasons the winner of each season will compete for the title of Hereford Shot of The winning will receive R in cash. Entry deadlines are the first of each new season. For example the autumn themed photos are due at 1 June 2018, winter at 1 Sept 2018, spring at 1 Dec 2018 and summer at 1 March The top five entries of each season will be posted to Facebook and voting will be open until the end of the next season. All pure Hereford or Hereford cross animals with the trademark white face can enter. All photo s must be send to liezel@studbook.co.za For more info about the photo competition please contact liezel@studbook.co.za Autumn Winter Spring Summer Weaning Hereford weaners must be the focus Bull preparation Hereford bull/s must be the focus Calving Hereford new born calves must be the focus Cows Hereford cow must be the focus. Calves or bulls may be in the photo but the focus must be on the cow. 86 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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88 KZN Hereford - HOWARD LONG club report 2017 has been a good year for our KZN Hereford breeders. We saw some very rewarding Hereford Sale results and good demand for our cattle. Generally 100% sold and prices were well up on the previous year. A real tribute to the importance of Hereford bulls in the commercial cattleman s plans. The type of bull is also very pleasing with a smooth coat, well muscled, medium frame, well suited to our conditions. The summer rains have been adequate for the grazing and to produce an excellent crop. We consider ourselves very fortunate and blessed to have such a great season when so many of our fellow farmers are still experiencing the realities of a prolonged drought. THE ROYAL SHOW Three breeders, Ewald & Ruth Kohne, Piet & Ann Louwrens and Pat & Sandy Eustace, flew the Hereford flag for us this year. We selected our champions on farm and had a good exhibit that did us proud and competed well in the inter-breed. Well done to those breeders and thank you for your support. FARMERS DAY The main highlight of our year in KZN was our Farmers Day held in the Kokstad area. It was encouraging to have just short of 100 farmers join us for the day. We saw some very good cattle and were most fortunate to have great weather to view them. We also had an extremely interesting and informative talk by Mike Rennie on his veld management system. The results were evident in the cattle we saw. The Hereford crossbred calves were looking tremendous and were a huge credit to the Hereford breed and the good management by the breeders. A big thank you to the Louwrens family for showing us your cattle, and for hosting us and setting up such a memorable day. HEREFORD NATIONALS Our trip to the Western Cape to see the National Championships was a great outing and the Western Cape breeders pulled out all the stops to look after us all. We are very grateful to the breeders there for organizing a great show with legendary hospitality. The cattle exhibited by the breeders were top class and a huge credit to them for the effort they put in. Herefords in South Africa are very well positioned to once more have a big influence on the beef industry. It is vitally important to give our commercial breeders efficient cattle that will add value and I think we all came away from the Nationals impressed with where our breed is heading. I must also mention the great support from all our club members during the year for which I am most appreciative. 88 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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92 Eastern Cape - LAWRENCE MOORCROFT Hereford report East Cape Herefords had a stellar year in 2017 with outstanding sale results, National Show performances and various awards presented to our Breeders. Puttergill Herefords took part in the S.A. Championship Show at the centenary celebrations held in Moorreesburg. What a debut this proved to be, they were awarded the Senior Champion Female, Senior Champion Bull, Champion Intermediate Female, Reserve Female Champion calf, 3 rd Highest points and 4 Group Class winners! Bonhaven Herefords Exhibited the Reserve Senior Champion bull Bonhaven George Bush At the S.A. Studbook Beef Herd of the year the following Breeders won awards: R.T. Clark - Gold Douvat Herefords - Bronze J.A.G Botha Bronze K.P. Miles - Bronze The herd that earned the most cow awards - R.T. Clark 2 Silver and 2 Bronze. The South African Hereford Society Cow of the year - Syferpan 314 The rise in beef prices resulted in an encouraging increase in breeding stock prices and Production Sales were very buoyant. The Production Sales kicked off at KRM Herefords where all 18 Bulls sold for an average of R40 666, KRM was sold for the top price of R to Chris Brown of Brownstones Stud in Nottingham road. The second highest priced bull, KRM sold to Mr Greg Sephton of Barkly East for R70 000, another top prospect KRM sold to Driel Farm Trust of Bergville for R All 8 registered open heifers were sold for an average price of R The top heifer sold to Howard Long of GBH Herefords for R Kevlynn Herefords held their Sale in conjunction with Dunedin Angus. A total of 60 buyers registered for the sale resulting in some enthusiastic and brisk bidding. Herefords sold from R to R The Top price of R was paid by Jambert Rheeders. The Bulls sold for an average price of R In calf Hereford x Angus crossbred Heifers sold for an average of R and open Heifers forr % of the animals were sold. Gerhard and Verna Botha of Nagenoeg Herefords offered 6 Bulls at the Barkly East all breed sale and had a very successful day selling all the bulls for an average of R with a top price R52 000! Bonhaven Herefords, Tarkastad sold 15 bulls for an average price of R with a top price of R The Syferpan Sale of Hereford and Angus cattle followed the trend of good demand and enthusiastic bidding. The 20 Hereford bulls on offer were well supported with the two top priced bulls selling for R each, with the son of Syferpan 314, S.A. Cow of the year, Syferpan 515 going to Isak and Theuns Botha from the Elliot Barkly East area and Syferpan 508 to Mr Albert Enslin from Kroonstad. The average price of the Hereford bulls was R The 8 registered females sold for an average R We all hope and trust that this trend in demand for Herefords continues!! 92 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

93 Noordwes - WICUS KRUGER Hereford klub Die klub is op die oomblik nie baie aktief nie, maar die lede is baie ywerig en van plan om weer verlore grond terug te win. Dit is seker een van die mooiste klubhuise wat deur ons voorgangers aan ons nagelaat is en dit is maklik om te visualiseer wat die groot geeste in ons bedryf in die verlede vanuit hierdie plek en omgewing vermag het. Ongelukkig het die gety teen ons ras gedraai en daar is slegs 2 telers in die Noord Wes provinsie en 1 in die Noord-Kaap oor. Die klub bestaan ook uit lede van oor die hele land. Hierdie was een van die voorste Hereford gebiede en in die tyd wat ek by die klub betrokke is het die bul veilings van af 16 bulle per veiling gedaal na 0 diere verkoop op n veiling en darem herstel tot 9 bulle in November in Die klub sal weer geherorganiseer word en n sterk bemarkings poging moet saam met die Genootskap geloods word. Ons finansies is goed en daar is hoop vir die toekoms. Die bestuur is nog nie gekies nie, maar dit sal binnekort gebeur. Die Fica proses met die bank moet ook nog afgehandel word. Ek skryf hierdie verslag as lid van die klub en dit is dus nie verteenwoordigend van die ander klub lede nie. PLEASE NOTE that the following dress code is the official dress code for shows and championships blue golf shirt, sleeveless jacket and cap. Orders can be place at the Hereford office. Please visit for other promotion items. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 93

94 Vrystaat Hereford verslag - DR C SCHOLTZ Die Vrystaat klub en sy lede wil eerstens die Wes-Kaap klub geluk wens met die reel van n baie suksesvolle Eeufees Nasionale Kampioenskappe in Voorwaar n Kampioenskappe wat nie gou vergeet sal word nie. Baie geluk aan Zuikerkop Boerdery wat die wenner was van die Reserwe Intermediêre Kampioen vroulik, Reserwe Intermediêre Kampioen bul, Junior-, Groot- en Opperste Kampioen bul tydens die Kampioenskappe. Tydens Stamboek se jaarlikse Prysuitdeling het Dr Carl Scholtz n silwer toekenning ontvang vir Vleiskudde van die jaar. Die TKP toekennings is tydens die AJV op 2 Mei 2017 aangewys: koeie Kriek en Seun - 3de plek met n TKP van 372 dae. Louws Boerdery Trust - 4de plek met n TKP van 381 dae koeie Dr CW Scholtz 2de plek met n TKP van 381 dae Bul van die jaar toekenning: ZK13-88 van Dr CW Scholtz Sanniesguns Boerdery Trust het n baie suksesvolle veiling gehad met n 100% verkope. Hoogste prys vir bul behaal R39 000, gemiddeld R Die Hereford Genootskap het een van sy grootste telers in 2017 verloor. Hendrik Joubert, jou plek is leeg. Dankie vir jou bydrae tot die SA Herefordras as teler. As lojale lid van die Genootskap en as toegewyde teler het hy altyd die ras en Genootskap se belange bo sy eie geplaas. Dr CW Scholtz en Lodewyk Fourie Trust het deelgeneem aan Bloem skou Lawrence Moorcroft was die beoordelaar en het hom baie goed van sy taak gekwyt. WDW16-10 is aangewys as die Intermediêre en Groot kampioen vroulike dier en die bul ZK is aangewys as die Senior, Groot en Opperste ras kampioen bul. Baie geluk aan Zuikerkop met die vertoon van uitstaande diere. WDW16-10 & ZK KLUBLEDE ALBERT ENLSIN TRUST ALBERT ENSLIN POSBUS 1393, KURUMAN, kurumantuinsentrum@gmail.com LABRI KRIEK EN SEUNS DANIE & JOHAN POSBUS 217, REITZ, kabul@webmail.co.za KABUL LOUWS BOERDERY TRUST DIRK LOUW POSBUS 27, KOFFIEFONTEIN, djlouw@mtnloaded.co.za MIQUILINE ROUX HA HENRI ROUX POSBUS 71, BETHLEHEM, henri.montana@gmail.com REINFELD SANNIESGUNS BOERDERY TRUST VIOLA JOUBERT POSBUS 110, BULTFONTEIN, joubert.jacqueline@gmail.com SANNIESGUNS SCHOLTZ DR CW DR CARL SCHOLTZ POSBUS 37, CLOCOLAN, karin@zuikerkop.co.za ZUIKERKOP VAN EEDEN CM CARLETTE VAN EEDEN POSBUS 28, VERKYKERSKOP, carletteveeden@hotmail.com SANNIESGUNS LUST WESSELS WJ WESSEL WESSELS POSBUS 133, VENTERSBURG, wwessels@iafrica.com PLATDOORN 94 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

95 Wes-Kaap - PHILIP DE WAAL Hereford verslag Die jaar 2017 sal vir lank onthou word. Dit is die jaar wat Landbou in die Wes-Kaap massiewe verliese gelei het. Damme was leeg en al waar oor mense gepraat het was Dag Zero. Die bees getalle in die Wes-Kaap is 60 persent minder as 2 jaar gelede. Die boere in ons gebied gaan deur n baie moeilike tyd, want voer is skaars en alle diere word uit die koöperasies gevoer. Die vrugte, wingerd en graan oeste was 40 persent van die normale oeste. Die prentjie is donker, maar tog bly mense positief in ons gebied en almal sien uit na Die Nasionale skou op Moorreesburg was egter n hoogtepunt in die Hereford geskiedenis. Die skou is deur 14 vertoners en 220 Herefords ondersteun. Ons President, Mnr Bertus Mong het n enorme taak aangepak en genoeg druk op sy helpers, Danie van Breda en Philip de Waal geplaas om n skou aan te bied wat nie gou weer sy gelyke sal hê nie. Dit was n enorme sukses en is wyd gekomplimenteer deur almal wat deel van hierdie prag geleentheid was. Die vroulike kampioen op die skou Vicedale het ook die Gouebeker verower. Baie geluk aan Hinner, Heiko en Esté van Marlé-Köster. Baie geluk aan ons President, Bertus Mong wat die meeste punte op die skou verower het. In Februarie het die Wes-Kaap telers Riversdal skou goed ondersteun. Hulle beeste was in n beter toestand as in September met sy erge droogte. Die bul Locheim Facebook WDW was die opperste kampioen vleisbees op die skou. Die telers in die Wes-kaap kan trots voel op hulle ras aangesien daar nie n enkele teler bedank het by die Genootskap in die tye van droogte nie. Die ander rasse in ons gebied het heelwat steun verloor. Ek hoop as ek my volgende verslag aanbied, ons n beter jaar gehad het as Ek wil egter ons Hemelse Vader bedank, dat ten spyte van n moeilike tyd, Hy ons behoed en bewaar het. Op ons eie sou ons nooit deur die moeilike tye gekom het nie. Aan al my mede telers wil ek net sê, julle Boer met die regte ras. HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 95

96 Hereford lede - members Oos-Kaap EASTERN CAPE AA KINGWILL & SONS PTY LTD SALLY KINGWILL P.O. BOX 617, GRAAFF-REINET, crickleywood@gmail.com COUNTRY ROAD BONHAVEN BEEF CATTLE JUSTIN PHILIPS P.O. BOX 35097, MENLO PARK, nix.jay.phillips@gmail.com BONHAVEN BOTHA JAG GERHARD BOTHA POSBUS 140, ELLIOT, NAGENOEG CLARK RT RUSSELL CLARK P.O. BOX 247, DORDRECHT, rtclark@adept.co.za KENRUSSMARK DOUVAT HEREFORDS GERRIT MEYER POSBUS 92, SUNLAND, meyerg@agnet.co.za DOUVAT HOUGH NJ NIKLAAS HOUG POSBUS 523, CRADOCK, OUDEBRUG MILES KP KEVIN/CARL MILES P.O. BOX 131, DORDRECHT, carl.miles@hotmail.com KEVLYNN MOORCROFT SL & SONS PTY LAWRENCE MOORCROFT P.O. BOX 2036, KOMANI, syferpan@isat.co.za SYFERPAN PENHOEK FARMING SIDNEY MOORCROFT P.O. BOX 180, STERKSTROOM, penhoek@nokwi.co.za PENHOEK PUTTERGILL CS GRANT PUTTERGILL P.O. BOX 34, THORNHILL, info@puttergillfarming.com PUTTERGILL Vrystaat FREE STATE ALBERT ENLSIN TRUST ALBERT ENSLIN POSBUS 1393, KURUMAN, kurumantuinsentrum@gmail.com LABRI KRIEK EN SEUNS DANIE & JOHAN POSBUS 217, REITZ, kabul@webmail.co.za KABUL LOUWS BOERDERY TRUST DIRK LOUW POSBUS 27, KOFFIEFONTEIN, djlouw@mtnloaded.co.za MIQUILINE ROUX HA HENRI ROUX POSBUS 71, BETHLEHEM, henri.montana@gmail.com REINFELD SANNIESGUNS BOERDERY TRUST VIOLA JOUBERT POSBUS 110, BULTFONTEIN, joubert.jacqueline@gmail.com SANNIESGUNS SCHOLTZ DR CW DR CARL SCHOLTZ POSBUS 37, CLOCOLAN, karin@zuikerkop.co.za ZUIKERKOP VAN EEDEN CM CARLETTE VAN EEDEN POSBUS 28, VERKYKERSKOP, carletteveeden@hotmail.com SANNIESGUNS LUST WESSELS WJ WESSEL WESSELS POSBUS 133, VENTERSBURG, wwessels@iafrica.com PLATDOORN Gauteng GAUTENG BRAFFORD BOERDERY (PTY) LTD PHILIP POPE POSBUS 67358, CENTURION, realdapope01@gmail.com SUC 96 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

97 Gauteng GAUTENG VICEDALE HEREFORDS BK HEIKO KÖSTER NICOLSON STRAAT 221, BROOKLYN, VICEDALE VICEMONG HEREFORDS GENETICS DR HINNER KOSTER Posbus 11313, Centurion, VICEMONG KwaZulu-Natal KWAZULU-NATAL AMAQUGWANE (PTY) LTD. MARTIN P.O. BOX 59, SWARTBERG, BANCHORY BROWN CCM CHRIS BROWM P.O. BOX 14, NOTTINGHAM ROAD, BROWNSTONES DE FRANCAS FARMS JOHN DE FRANCA P.O. BOX 662, LADYSMITH, RIO-SAND EUSTACE PC SANDY EUSTACE P/A EUSTACE AND SON CC, P.O. BOX 22, HIMEVILLE, ARBOR GRIFFIN HEREFORDS GRAHAM GRIFFIN P.O. BOX 111, DARGLE, GRIFFIN KÖHNE EW EWALD OR RUTH WALDECKE FARM P.O. BOX 12, HERMANNSBURG, WALDECKE LONG HAW HOWARD LONG P.O. BOX 8, DARGLE, GBH LOUWRENS PA PTY LTD PETER LOUWRENS P.O. BOX 1687, KOKSTAD, 4700 Piet Peter MALINA Noordwes NORTH WEST DE KLERK FJ EN MEV N NICOLETTE DE KLERK POSBUS 61, MIGDOL, ncdk@vodamail.co.za STROPTOP LODEWYK FOURIE TRUST HEIDI MUNNIK POSBUS 583, SCHWEIZER RENEKE, heidi@ljlandgoed.co.za LIZANA OTTO JF ANNERI OTTO POSBUS 219, COLIGNY, anneri@lantic.net MOOIFONTEIN ROSSOUW PA PIET ROSSOUW VAALBANK, POSBUS 128, COLIGNY, ROSPA Noord-Kaap NORTHERN CAPE KRUGER JFL WICUS KRUGER ZAAIFONTEIN POSBUS 132, COLESBERG, wicuskruger2@gmail.com LEMOENVLEI SMIT BOERDERY MARTIN SMIT POSBUS 276, CARNARVON, @mymtnmail.co.za CAO Wes-Kaap WESTERN CAPE ABS SOUTH AFRICA PTY LTD MC STEYN POSBUS 1143, CAPE GATE, elize.parreira@genusplc.com ABSSA CLUVER PK PAUL CLUVER P.O. BOX 48, GRABOUW, derust@cluver.com CLUVER DE WAAL HW PHILLIP DE WAAL POSBUS 38, MOORREESBURG, locheim@xsinet.co.za LOCHEIM EHRENHOF HEREFORDS CILLIE DE VRIES POSBUS 174, TULBAGH, ehrenhof@breede.co.za EHRENHOF HOEKLAND HEREFORDS HARLEY VAN RHYN POSBUS 168, WOLSELEY, harley@hoeklandherefords.com HOEKLAND HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal 97

98 Wes-Kaap WESTERN CAPE MOUTON CJ DRIKUS MOUTON POSBUS 94, CITRUSDAL, MOUTON PP MONG TRUST BERTUS MONG POSBUS 52, VILLIERSDORP, BM RAKA BOERDERY PTY LTD JOSEF DREYER POSBUS 124, CALEDON, GERNEL T BARRY FARMING (PTY) LTD THOMAS BARRY P.O. BOX 8, BUFFELJAGSRIVER, hesphiabarry@vodamail.co.za CREST VAN BREDA DJ DANIE VAN BREDA P.O. BOX 1088, STELLENBOSCH, danie@orcrest.co.za JA-NIEL WILKLOOF BOERDERY BK WILLIE GROENEWALD POSBUS 225, RIVIERSONDEREND, willie@wilkloof.co.za christoff@wilkloof.co.za WILKLOOF ZETLER S & SONS FARM ENTERPRISE BEVAN ZETLER POSBUS 98, STELLENBOSCH, bevan@zetler.co.za ZETLER 98 HEREFORD Joernaal 2018 Journal

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