Crop Report. Report name: Graham Centre Field Site Crop Report SILO station used: Wagga Wagga AMO Rainfall records used: SILO

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1 Crop Report Report name: Graham Centre Field Site Crop Report SILO station used: Wagga Wagga AMO (Complete) Rainfall records used: SILO Report date: 3/6/215 Temperature records used: SILO Last climate date available: 1/6/215 Maximum rooting depth: 1 cm Client name: EH Graham Centre Stubble type: None Paddock name: Graham Centre Field Site Stubble amount Report generated by: EH Graham Centre Number of tillage operations: Date sown: 22-May Stubble % incorporated into the top 1cm: % Crop type: Wheat Rainfall since 5-Mar: 85 mm Variety sown: Gregory Date of last rainfall entry:? Sowing density: 15 plants/m2 Expected maturity date: 27-Nov Initial conditions date: 5-Mar Soil type: Red Kandosol (No498-Generic) This graph shows the probability of exceeding a range of yield outcomes this season. It takes into account your pre- season soil moisture; the weather conditions so far; soil N and agronomic inputs. The long term record from your nominated weather station is then used to simulate what would have happened from this date on in each year of the climate record. The yield results are used to produce this graph. This graph show the probability of exceeding a range of hay yield outcomes this season. It takes into account the same factors as the grain yield graph above. When above ground dry matter is below 2t/ha, hay yield is assumed to be 7% of dry matter, with a moisture content of 13%. When dry matter is between 2 and 12t/ha, hay yield is assumed to be between 7 and 75% of dry matter (sliding scale). When dry matter is above 12t/ha, hay yield is assumed to be between 75 and 8% (sliding scale). Current dry matter: 8 kg/ha

2 Simulated and Predicted Crop Growth Stage GS11 GS12 GS13 GS14 GS15 GS16 emergence 2nd leaf 3rd leaf 4th leaf 5th leaf 6th leaf 1st tiller early tillering mid tillering late tillering Predicted Earliest 1-Jun 12-Jun 23-Jun 3-Jun 11-Jul 23-Jul Median 1-Jun 16-Jun 28-Jun 1-Jul 23-Jul 4-Aug Latest 1-Jun 22-Jun 5-Jul 19-Jul 2-Aug 14-Aug GS3 GS31 GS32 GS37 GS39 GS45 GS55 GS65 GS75 end of 1st node 2nd node flag leaf flag leaf mid booting mid head mid mid dough tillering fully emerged emergence flowering fill Predicted Earliest18-Aug 21-Aug 26-Aug 6-Sep 9-Sep 17-Sep 27-Sep 7-Oct 23-Oct Median 26-Aug 29-Aug 3-Sep 14-Sep 19-Sep 27-Sep 7-Oct 16-Oct 2-Nov Latest 4-Sep 7-Sep 11-Sep 23-Sep 29-Sep 7-Oct 18-Oct 28-Oct 17-Nov Probability and Incidence of Frost and Heat Shock Percentage of years in which frost occurs during floweringpercentage of years in which heat shock occurs during grain fill (Z7-79) Minimum temperature between 2 and C during flowering (Z6-69) Minimum temperature between and -2 C during flowering and early grain fill (Z6-75) Minimum temperature less than -2 C during flowering and grain fill (Z6-79) 34% 3% 1% Maximum temperature between 32 and 34 C Maximum temperature between 34 and 36 C Maximum temperature above 36 Incidence of frost for this growing season, during flowering Incidence of heat shock for this growing season, during grain fill (Z7-79) Minimum temperature between 2 and C during flowering (Z6-69) Minimum temperature between and -2 C during flowering and early grain fill (Z6-75) Minimum temperature less than -2 C during flowering and grain fill (Z6-79) Maximum temperature between 32 and 34 C Maximum temperature between 34 and 36 C Maximum temperature above 36 45% 29% 8%

3 Current root depth = 128 mm Median final root depth = 1 mm Current crop PAW available to roots = 14 mm Total Soil PAW = 15 mm PAWC = 14 mm PAW = Plant Available Water CLL = Crop Lower Limit or Wilting Point DUL= Drained Upper Limit or Field Capacity PAWC= Plant Available Water Capacity Current Crop PAW= Soil water currently accessible to the roots down to the current rooting depth Soil PAW = Total accessible soil water in the soil profile Water Budget Initial PAW 5-Mar Rainfall since 5-Mar Irrigations Evaporation since 5-Mar Transpiration since 5-Mar Deep drainage since 5-Mar Run-off since 5-Mar Current PAW status: Nitrogen Budget Initial N 5-Mar N mineralisation since 5-Mar N tie up since 5-Mar N applications Total N in plant De-nitrification since 5-Mar Leaching Current N status: 82 mm 85 mm 58 mm mm mm 3 mm 15 mm 87 kg/ha 8 kg/ha 2 kg/ha 1 kg/ha 1 kg/ha kg/ha 92 kg/ha Median N mineralisation to maturity = 13 kg/ha Median N tie up to maturity = kg/ha Current Crop Available N = 24 kg/ha Total Soil N = 92 kg/ha

4 Brief periods of mild to moderate stress do not necessarily lead to reduced yield. To see the likely impacts of additional nitrogen fertiliser rates use the Nitrogen and Nitrogen Profit reports. Mean projected crop performance and requirements for the next 1 days assuming no rain and no added fertiliser. Date Growth Evap. Water N use Water available Water available N available Mineralisation N tie up Stage (mm) use (mm) (kg/ha) to roots above to roots above to roots (kg/ha) (kg/ha) stress CLL (mm) (kg/ha) threshold (mm) 3-Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun The water available to roots above the stress threshold is the amount of PAW (mm) above one third of the total water holding capacity of this soil. If the water values are below this stress threshold the water available to roots above the stress threshold will be negative.

5 Bureau of Meteorology Seasonal and Monthly Outlooks Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) Phase and Analagous Years The SOI is currently in the Falling phase. The 31 day mean SOI for May was In April the 3 day mean was The years in history with the same SOI phase: 193, 194, 196, 1918, 193, 1933, 1941, 1943, 1948, 1949, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1988, 199, 1992, 2, 23, 24 Yield outcomes of the current SOI Phase ARE significantly different from yield outcomes of all years. Significance is determined on a 9% probability threshold. (PValue=.66) The SOI is an index that compares the atmospheric pressure between Tahiti and Darwin. SOI phases are determined by comparing average monthly SOI values of the past two months. Phases of the SOI have been shown to be related to rainfall variability in a range of locations in Australia and around the world.