Kile Kucher, Wildlife Biologist Aquatic Invasive Species Coordinator Michigan DNR Wildlife Division. Brian Majka Restoration Ecologist Cardno JFNew

Transcription

1 Kile Kucher, Wildlife Biologist Aquatic Invasive Species Coordinator Michigan DNR Wildlife Division Brian Majka Restoration Ecologist Cardno JFNew

2 Invasive Plants - Species which grow quickly and aggressively, displacing other plants as they spread. Robust vegetative growth High reproductive rate Abundant seed production High seed germination rate Longevity May be native or non-native Native Plants Species which occur in a particular place without the help of humans. Generally those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. The definition of a native plant is widely debated. Exotic Plants Species that are introduced by humans to a location outside of their natural range. *National Park Service

3 Educate yourself and your staff Inventory your properties Prioritize goals based on plant communities, ability to succeed, and resources statewide prioritization tool Generally target management of high quality areas with relatively low infestation first... Prepare a long-term prevention and management plan Limit soil disturbance and manage aggressively afterwards Conduct annual exotics survey in each portion of growing season

4 Perennial grass introduced from Europe Inhabits wetlands and roadside ditches throughout the eastern US Very salt tolerant Forms large monocultures that choke out native plant and animal species Both native and non-native Phragmites australis exist in Michigan

5 Phragmites australis First arrived through ballast water Michigan 1979

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11 Does anyone recognize this quiz?

12 Resources greatlakesphragmites.net

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14 Perennial grass

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16 Seedhead deep purple-red in color but becomes straw-colored with age (late fall / wintertime)

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19 Rhizomes can spread per year

20 80% of plant below ground!

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22 Phragmites breaking through asphalt!

23 Non-Native (Invasive) vs. Native Identification

24 Non-Native (Invasive) vs. Native Identification

25 Non-Native (Invasive) vs. Native Identification Great Lakes Phragmites Collaborative

26 Non-Native (Invasive) vs. Native Identification

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39 Native Non-Native

40 Think you can tell the difference now?

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42 Non-native

43 Native Non-native

44 greatlakesphragmites.net

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47 Methods of Control Tools in the Toolbox Chemical Methods Spot Spraying Hand Wicking Boom/Aerial Spraying Mechanical Methods Cutting/Mowing Hand Pulling Burning Biological Methods Natural competition Introduced competitors Hydrological Methods Water level alteration Techniques are usually selected based on effectiveness, available resources, proximity of desirable vegetation, plant growth form, site accessibility, hydrology, or other factors. IVM, or Integrated Vegetation Management, is a practice that utilizes multiple techniques, and often produces the best results.

48 Phragmites australis (Common Reed) Chemical Spot spray, broadcast most effective Hand-wicking very effective when high quality species are nearby Mechanical Cutting will slow growth if done at flowering stage Burning effective in conjunction with herbicide Biological Established native vegetation will slow Phragmites Hydrological Can be effective, but harms natives as well

49 Herbicide Treatments for Phragmites 2 Primary herbicides are available glyphosate and imazapyr Glyphosate is available under trade names such as RoundUp, Rodeo, AquaNeat, AquaPro, and 100 others Imazapyr is typicall available as Habitat Glyphosate Apply at 0.75%-2% solution when plant is flowering (usually mid-august-early October) Imazapyr Apply June-October at 1-1.5% solution Glyphosate + Imazapyr Apply a mix June-October at 1% imazapyr/1% glyphosate solution Always read and follow herbicide labels and state or local regulations!

50 Application Techniques Hand wicking Backpack sprayer

51 Application Techniques Mechanical applications

52 Application Techniques Mechanical applications

53 Aerial Treatments October 2011

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55 IVM (Integrated Vegetation Management) Combine herbicide applications with annual mowing or burning Provides most effective treatment Thatch clearing clears way for seedbank regeneration and allows herbicide to reach more green leaf surface

56 We wanted to remove the dead phragmites thatch like this

57 Argos knocking dead stalks down to speed up decomposition 5/8/2014

58 5/8/2014

59 Hibiscus populations Argo tracks 5/8/2014

60 No license is needed to apply glyphosate or imazapyr as long as it s not being done for hire An MDEQ Aquatic Nuisance Species control permit is required for any applications over standing water at the time of treatment OR below the ordinary high water line if completed along the Great Lakes shorelines Anyone can apply for an MDEQ permit Costs start at $75 for acres, and go up depending on the size of the treatment area More information and application forms can be found at:

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62 Michigan s Cooperative Weed Management Areas Ongoing Partnerships & Control Efforts

63 greatlakesphragmites.net

64 Phragmites Management in Grand Traverse County

65 Phragmites Management in Grand Traverse County Reduced Phragmites along Grand Traverse Bay 78% since the program started in 2009 Maintenance phase Surveying and coordinating treatment on inland lakes within Grand Traverse County ISN are also treating roadside Phragmites stands within the County When it comes to Inland Lakes, it is most efficient if the lake has an association where members can vote on whether treatment will occur and can help facilitate treatment. If there is no lake association permission must be obtained from each individual landowner

66 Ongoing Partnerships & Control Efforts

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68 Partnership of local residents, townships, MDNR, and other landowners around 43 mile island Enacted ordinance that allowed access to properties containing Phragmites Educated entire community through workshops, newsletters, and newspaper Voluntary program landowners who wanted their Phragmites treated pitched in together Year 1 (2007)--~27 acres of Phrags around island Year 2 (2008)--~3 acres of Phrags around island Now near eradication

69 Phragmites Control on Beaver Island

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71 Phragmites Treatment/ Management Prioritization Tool Anne Garwood Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Ecologist Michigan Department of Environmental Quality

72 Phragmites Treatment/Management Prioritization Tool DEQ drafted a tool to help groups conducting Phragmites management to prioritize and allocate limited resources GOAL: more consistent and more successful management, statewide. This tool was reviewed and revised by the AIS Advisory Council, and the inter-agency AIS Core Team Scoring tool that can be used to compare multiple sites Not for individual site decisions Maximum score of 57

73 Click Phragmites

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75 Resources Phragmites Treatment/Management Prioritization Tool Click Phragmites

76 What you can do - MISIN Browse data by geography or species

77 Resources greatlakesphragmites.net

78 Reddish-brown seed head (can be tan) Crinkle in leaf (Teufelsbiss)

79 People protect what they know and love Values

80 Kile Kucher, Wildlife Biologist Aquatic Invasive Species Coordinator Michigan DNR Wildlife Division (517) ext. 243 Brian Majka Restoration Ecologist Cardno JFNew (616)