Protein sources for pig feeding in Yugoslavia

Transcription

1 Prote sources for pig feedg Yugoslvi Zltic H. Aumître A. (ed.). The production pig met Mediterrnen Countries Pr : CIHEAM Options Méditerrnéennes : Série Etudes; n I 1989 pges Article vilble on le / Article dponible en ligne à l dresse : To cite th rticle / Pour citer cet rticle Zltic H. Prote sources for pig feedg Yugoslvi. In : Aumître A. (ed.). The production pig met Mediterrnen Countries. Pr : CIHEAM, p (Options Méditerrnéennes : Série Etudes; n I)

2 ~~ - ~ ~~ ~ ~~ CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 139 Prote sources for pig feedg Yugoslvi Fculty Agriculturl Sciences - University Zgreb - Institute for Animl Husbndry nd Diry Science - Zgreb - Yugoslvi The tensive production pigs (s fr s feedg concerned) depends on blnced supply ll ctegories pigs with the necessry mounts energy, protes, merls nd vitms. As nutritive substnces with specil function nd effect, protes ply n essentil prt th complex becuse they prticipte lmost ll processes metbolm pigs nd becuse they re the most vluble component the fl product, i.e. met. feeds for livesck, nd thus lso for pigs, they cnnot be replced with other nutritive substnces. Their presence cert mounts und prticulr qulity dpensble feeds for ll phses the lifecycle pigs: 0 reproduction - nimls the processes ovultion, service nd fertiliztion; for the growth nd development the embryo nd the foetus; the production nd composition milk; nd the processes spermgenes bors; 8 growth nd ftteng - the processes postntl development the young nd the dividul stges further growth where n tensive development muscle tsue provides the prcticl bs for met production. processes mentioned bove, cludg met production nd, ultimtely, the helth pigs. - Sources prote Yugoslvi The livesck feeds Yugoslvi ecologicl it possible its due nd the fluence livesck feeds. (pigs nd The prote requirements pigs re covered on the limited mounts. bs dopted stndrds for dividul ctegories pigs. Deprture from these stndrds, by reducg the proportion protes rtions, come generlly results dverse consequences for the - vegetble nd niml - two options

3 CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 140 techniques the ' humn food nd detiled clssifiction nd knowledge the chemicl nd biologicl ll feeds, the contug foods, food, exceed the quntities food. 1. Prote feeds vegetble orig for pigs th field hs been chieved so when, with the help s soyben, s second by mens mple nd livesck, cludg pigs Non-specific sources vegetble protes. Yugoslvi million ns thn 80% th mize livesck, while lmost five million ns used pigs Yugoslvi cont mostly mize s the bsic which the feedg piglets Thus the mize bout 30-50% young pigs nd 50-70% ftteng thn 70% the own mize 70-80% mize nd supplemented with the mostly mize. 60% ' feedg livesck, while the combed tl does not exceed 10% the For Yugoslv edphic nd ecologicl conditions, mize nd hve be quntities hs no high biologicl vlue socilly owned who pigs the socil feed pigs mostly with blnced feed nd vitms. own feeds two economize by givg dividul nimls. - 50%) mounts legumous pigs feeds with th hevily the weight As mentioned bove, it estimted tht bout 60% feedg Yugoslvi i.e. bout 400,000 ns 40,000 40, Oil mels oil such s soybens, dded. Yugoslvi %, lo%, nd ots bout 11%. Thus it my be sid used the oil mels, which nd oil mels oil plnts

4 CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 141 effect Soyben mel feed the livesck feeds, soyben mel must cont mimum 44% mximum 7% soyben hve high' biologicl vlue. Yugoslvi, soyben mel used s 10-20%. ftteng pigs which, been pid 1975, when slightly 20,000 ns ,000 ns. the soyben mel 1985 Yugoslvi hd 267,000 ns soyben mel (clculted soyben mel) Of these tl quntities thn 50% pigs. oil mel technology nd th ffects the level s the mel it. oil mel must cont mimum 33.5% oil mel must not exceed 18%. oil deficient deficiency cn be by blncg feeds. The limittion mounts soyben young pigs, ddition the lyse deficiency the high cellulose it conts. with 44% 50% - though still - oil mel go, Yugoslvi ws thn 200,000 ns oil plnt dese (not only Yugoslvi) hs hlved th it bout 100,000 new expected th mel. oil mel feed which s pig feedg. mostly dded ftteng pigs nd s mount feedg due effect mounts new which hve low content these components cn be successfully used pig feedg, lthough hs shown exceed 10%. Th mel slightly (28-32%), but hs mo-cid composition. oil pig feedg ,000 ns 20,000 ns which Yugoslvi the soybens, which used, seeds beg lmost exclusively oil now sown nd lupe. feed they cont 24-26% s much s 30%) nd becuse lyse thn soybens, lthough they possess less methione nd cyste thn soyben mel. As the seeds ll by substnces. pigs, pes ccount 5-15%. but hs

5 CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 142 nnully. - tlh, now tls bout 6,000 ns lso py 1.4. sources th feed. - 28% by high digestibility, but low content methione nd cyste. The lyse level thn tht soybens. The biologicl vlue high: slightly thn low clcium content, nd thus mostly few Yugoslvi on the use seeds legumous plnts pig diets hve shown tht cn be used effectively ftteng nd 5-15%. The tl 6,000-8,000 h nsh, th would 17,000 - ns feed pig feedg. long time lupe ws s New sweet lupe hve opened seeds by high content (38-42%) with composition, but low 3 - soybens), lupe cn.be obted. lupe nd conclusions. plnt shown tht, - 15% these vestigtions the will 1.8 million ns lflf hy nd bout 1.2 million ns hy believed tht lflf (which difficult estimte) it feedg ftteng pigs. lflf mel begn be tensely developed Yugoslvi some 20 go. the it hs sce output bout 80,000 the the feedg pigs On pig nd lflf ccounts 2-5% with content 17-20% high biologicl vlue it feedg pigs. Yugoslvi the followed by Like mny the beg devoted vegetble juice lflf, the food cellulose th only begng, technologicl solutions ll spects th nd the mny possibilities feedg pigs nd 2. pigs Feeds th- high biologicl vlue nd thus good feedg. the feedg ny nimls, nd thus lso pigs, limited by

6 CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes on domestic possibilities n most them Fh mel Good qulity fh mel highly vluble feedg pigs up kg. Tody it no pigs. qulity livesck feeds, qulity fh mel must cont mimum 73% nd second clss fh mel mimum m qulity fh mel its excellent composition mo-cids which lso mens high biologicl vlue its high digestibility (90%). fh will contue be the possibilities fh mel beg mde fh mel (t 80, ,000 ns nnully) s low s possible, sce be feeds mel nd met-nd-bone mel Yugoslvi hs livesck the for nnul output bout 50,000 ns met mel nd met-nd-bone mel could t lest be doubled if ll the its, or if the utiliztion fl nd ws pig feedg sce they cont bout 50% high biologicl vlue, lthough th vlue mounts met mel nd met-nd-bone mel, nd th one why lmost the sme mounts met mel s it 2.3. Blood mel mel hs high content thn 80%) which, biologicl vlue, not s good s digestibility nd blood mke it possible obt blood mel s feed nd blood mel for pig feedg used only limited domestic output th feed nd whey Skimmed milk nd whey pigs: skimmed milk s whey s lcse. Liquid skimmed milk young pigs nd ftteng pigs pig whey whey, which but its. quntities domestic 1984 vilble on the - Yugoslvi's requirements for prote feeds for pigs give pigs, Yugoslvi's nnul pig feedg, we tht Officil Yugoslvi (Tbles 1,2 nd 3). pigs, pigs options

7 CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 144 tl 569,000 ns pig met (excludg bcon nd i.e., 47% the live weight pigs). The mounts th dt nd the own estimtes cn be found Tble 4. feeds, which hs been composed on the bs the mounts feeds used shows tht ,000 ns used nd tht livesck while 70% mel nd bout oil mel. 30% the tl ll types fh 50% its met mel estimte, would - 850,000 ns - Current sitution nd prospects Of the dicted quntities feeds, the feeds, i.e. so tht by the 2000 would meet the ll kds livesck, while domestic soybens would bout 75% ll kds nimls.

8 ~ ~ CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 145 I Tble 1: pigs loslvi, 1984 h (ded pigs t pigs or the begng elimted from 9,336,000 16,309,000 14, Book, ftteng) pigs t the end the 2,550,000 I Tble 2: pigs t the begng 1985 sows nd gilts 6 months ge pigs months ge Ftteng pigs 1,350,000 5,184,000 1,121, ,000 s bove I Totl Tble 3: pigs 1984 Young pigs Len met pigs Fttened pigs I I l I I 14,418,000 I 4,859,000 I 7,320,000 I 2, I bove Tble 4: e nts pigs 1984 Feed 1,000 Tons 1,000 ns Fh mel Soyben mel 4, O ,2 Totl