Scaling up aflatoxin control in Nigeria: The experience with public-private partnerships

Transcription

1 Scaling up aflatoxin control in Nigeria: The experience with public-private partnerships Nutrition Society of Nigeria 47 th Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference, 21 September 2017 Debo Akande and Titilayo Falade 1

2 Outline Published history of aflatoxins Facts about aflatoxins and their effects Dietary exposure to aflatoxins Aflatoxins protection from the field to consumption Influencing access to safer food with Aflasafe Scaling up aflatoxin protection AgResults Aflasafe Pilot Multidimensional Approach and Actors in Aflatoxin Mitigation in Nigeria Summary 2

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4 Aflatoxins in Brief Aflatoxins Produced by fungi Natural chemicals Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. nominus and S BG are the major producers of these toxins Major aflatoxins are B and G aflatoxins: aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 Invisible in food Aflatoxins are not visible to the unaided eye 4

5 Effects of aflatoxins Child stunting 28% reduced growth Liver cancer 5-28% liver cancer cases Kidney toxicity Reduced immunity Death Source of images Cornell university (cornell.edu) No Aflatoxin Highest aflatoxin Foetal and infant dietary exposure (mother to child) Cognitive and growth development 5

6 Dietary exposure to aflatoxins How can one be aware of the food content? Source: US Food and Drug Administration (fda.gov) Source: Nigerian Bulleting (nigerianbulletin.com) 6

7 Let Let [safe] food food be thy be medicine thy medicine and and medicine be be thy thy food (Hippocrates) - 7

8 Protection from aflatoxins starts on the field Plant best suited varieties Weeding and fertilizers application, pest control Crop rotation that reduces Aspergillus population Timely harvest before rains Harvest into bags Heap to permit proper runoff Aflasafe protection Sorting out damaged and dicoloured grains Proper transportation and storage conditions Drying to reduce moisture Monitor weather conditions, use irrigation systems Varied diet incl. vitamins for immunity Planting Harvest Consumption 8

9 Influencing access to safer food with Aflasafe Displaces toxin producers at source Protects crops from plot to plate Simple, cost-effective, safe, ecologically friendly (green solution); Increase access to market Multi-crop benefit Open up premium food/feed market Revive export market reduce aflatoxin and meet standards 9

10 AgResults AFLASAFE Pilot In Nigeria, AgResults is reducing levels of Aflatoxin in maize by using Aflasafe AgResults is a USD $118 million multilateral initiative using pull mechanisms to incentivize and reward highimpact agricultural innovations that promote global food security, health, and nutrition and benefit smallholder farmers. 10

11 Multidimensional Approach and Actors in Aflatoxin Mitigation in Nigeria Public Sector Actors Private Sector Actors Solution s 1.Policy & Advocacy 2. Standardization/ Laboratory for Certification 3. Intergovernmental Panel on Aflatoxin Solutions 1.National Awareness programs 2.Communityawaren ess programs 3. Capacity Building Solutions 1. Testing 2. Training on Aflatoxin Management 3. Aflatoxin management manual Low Awareness on Aflatoxin Invisible Nature of Aflatoxin Ineffective or poorly enforced regulation AgResults Business Development, Coordination, Linkages, Facilitation, Quality control, Capacity Building FOOD AND FEED INDUSTRY Absence of Premium Market Subsistence Farming Solutions 1. Innovation platform 2. Market linkages Solutions 1. Production for Market 2. Aggregation for quality control 3. Access to Finance and Credit 4. Training for Improved productivity and Agribusiness 5. Support in GAP for Production 6. Access to quality inputs 11

12 How the mechanism works Develop invitation to participate Media advertisement Information sessions Selection process Induction and networking Letter of agreement 14

13 Distribution of Implementers National Distribution of Farmers under each Implementer (2015/2016) 15

14 Economic benefit Number of implementers Positive influence 24 y = e x R² = on market 9 structure ,000 20,000 15,000 y = 733.4e x R² = ,000 6,601 aflatoxin 4,998 risk 5,000 1,457 0 Treated area (ha) Positive influence by reduction of 19, ,000 Number of farmers Increased 13,241 y = e x 10,000 R² = awareness 6,278 of 5,000 3,271 grain 1,015 producers ,000 30,000 Maize aggregated for sale (tons) Increased y = e x R² = ,186 availability to safe 20,000 9,368 10,000 field products 7,220 2,

15 Benefits for Smallholder Farmers Parameters 2013/ / /16 Grain lots meet international standards Farmers earn higher income Better health Samples with <4 ppb AF (%) 99% 93% 95% Samples with <10 ppb AF (%) 99% 96% 98% samples with < 20 ppb AF (%) 99% 98% 99% Samples with >70% aflasafe strains 85% 81% 97% Average sale price over market rate 13% 17% 15% Return on Investment (ROI) 210% 489% 542% Aflasafe maize kept for family 46% 20.3% 24.9% Smallholder farmers have safer crops, improved income and better health 17

16 Summary Published history of aflatoxins Facts about aflatoxins and their effects Dietary exposure to aflatoxins Aflatoxins protection from the field to consumption Influencing access to safer food with Aflasafe Scaling up aflatoxin protection AgResults Aflasafe Pilot Multidimensional Approach and Actors in Aflatoxin Mitigation in Nigeria 19

17 IITA Nigeria Tucson USDA/ARS IITA, USDA, & Doreo have Teamed up to Bring Aflatoxin Prevention to Africa Made Possible by Many National Partners in Ministries, Industry, and on the Farm For more information about aflatoxin biocontrol for Africa, check out: 20

18 Thank you 21