Executive Summary 2013 Agricultural Census Southern Region

Transcription

1 National Statistical Office (NSO) conducted the 213 Agricultural Census which is the sixth round of its series. The census aims to provide basic information on the structure of agriculture at administrative units and that information over ten years provides as a guideline for developing agricultural policies and plans as well as monitoring agricultural development for both national and local levels. For this census round, the data collection fieldwork was involved by the 15, agricultural volunteers at village level and the 3, agricultural extension officers and the NSO provincial staff; they were sent out to interview all agricultural holdings throughout the country. The census fieldwork was carried out during May 213 by using a portable device (Tablet). The findings are as following. 1. Number and area of holdings As of the census day (1 st May 213), Southern Region had totally 1. million of agricultural holdings, which was accounted for 4.4 percent of total households of the country. 1/ The total area of holding was 14.9 million rais or averagely 14.6 rais per holding. Nakhon Si Thammarat province occupied the largest number of holdings with 195,286 members (19.1%). It was followed by Surat Thani, Songkhla, Chumphon and Trang (12.6, 11.7, 8.8 and 8.5% respectively). Phuket had the least number of holdings with 2,38 members (.2%). With the total area of holding of around 14.9 million rais, or about 4.6% of the total area of the country. 2/ For the provincial area, Surat Thani province occupied the biggest area of holding with 2.8 million rais or 18.8 percent, followed by Nakhon Si Thammarat, Chumphon, Songkhla and Trang with 16.8, 12.3, 9.8 and 8.1 percent respectively and the smallest area in Phuket (.2%). The average area per holding of the Southern Region was 14.6 rais, Executive Summary 213 Agricultural Census Southern Region it showed a gradual decrease from 2.4 and 16.8 rais in 1993 and 23 respectively. The holdings in Ranong province had the highest of the average area of holding (23.9 rais), and the lowest of the average area was in Pattani (6.6 rais). Figure 1 Number and area of holdings by province (213) Province Number of holdings (Case) Total รวม Total Nakhon Si Thammarat Surat Thani Songkhla Chumphon Phatthalung Narathiwat Phangnga Area of holding (Million Rai) Average (Rai) Considering changes of agricultural holding during the past 1 years, the number of holdings increased from.9 to 1. million members (15.2%) but the area of holding decreased from to 14.9 million rais (.2%), the average area of holding were 16.8 and 14.6 rais respectively. Figure 2 Comparing number and area of holdings ( ) 1/ In 213, total households in Thailand is 23.5 million households. (The Bureau of Registration Administration, Department of Provincial Administration, Ministry of Interior) 2/ In 213, total area of Thailand is 32.7 million rais. (The Royal Thai Survey Department)) Census scope : Covering four agricultural activities which were crops, livestock, freshwater aquaculture and sea salt farm, of which the agricultural operation was mainly for selling purpose. (including planting rice for owned consumption and raising cattle/buffalo for farm work) 1 Trang Pattani Yala Krabi Satun Ranong Phuket 128, ,75 9,17 86,729 77,112 68,822 65,555 56,455 44,56 34,412 31,155 22,379 2,38 Number of holdings (Million case) , ,21, rai 16.8 rai 14.6 rai Area of holding (million rai) Number of Holdings Area of holding Average area of holding 1

2 xviii ล กษณะการท าการเกษตร Type of agricultural activity The Agricultural Census in 213, it was found that most of agricultural holdings 1. million members (96.%) are cultivating crops. Of this number, about 16.9 percent was also operated with the other type agricultural activities such as livestock, freshwater culture or sea salt farm. The agricultural holders that cultivated single agricultural up to 82.9 percent with cultivating crops, rearing livestock, freshwater culture or sea salt farm. Each activity, cultivating crops, might operate with a variety of crops or a variety of livestock. The two - typed activity of agricultural holdings was found 15.8 percent, while the holdings of three - typed and above of agricultural activity were found only 1.3 percent. Figure 3 Number of holdings by type of agricultural activity (213) 3. ขนาดเน อท ถ อครองท าการเกษตร Size of total area of holding The majority of agricultural holdings in Southern Region (93.%) had an area less than 4 rais, which of this number 43.2 percent was of agricultural holdings having area 1 39 rais. There was only.3 percent for the agricultural holdings having area 14 rais and over. Figure 4 Number of holdings by size of total area of holding ( ) under 6 rais 6-9 rais 1-39 rais rais 14 rais and over Cultivating crops 19.2 Rearing livestock freshwater culture Sea salt farm Note : respondents can answer more than one type of agricultural activity. Type 4. Land tenure The majority of holdings operated solely under owned land (88.7%). About 4.1 percent was the holdings operated under both owned land and non owned land. The rest 7.2 percent was the holdings operated under non - owned land. Figure 5 Number of holdings with land by land tenure (213) Operate under owned land 88.7% Number of holdings 1. million case 4.1% 7.2% Operate under owned land and non - owned land Operate under non - owned land

3 xix 5. Area of holding by land use 6. Fertilizer From the total area of holding 14.9 million rais, more than half of the area (66.6%) was the area under para rubber, followed by permanent crops/forest (24.4%) and rice (5.7%) respectively. The result of this Agricultural Census has revealed that during the past 1 years, the area of para rubber and field crops grew significantly. In contrast, the area under rice and permanent crops/ forest was decrease. Figure 6 Comparing area of holding by land use ( ) Rice Para rubber Permanent crop/ forest Fieid crop Vegetable crop/ herb/ flower and ornamental plant Pasture and other The majority of agricultural holdings (85.3%) used fertilizer. From those who used fertilizer most of them (76.8%) used inorganic fertilizer. By this number, about 58.7 percent used only inorganic fertilizer. However, the use of bio-fertilizer only and the used of organic fertilizer only were found only 4.1 and 2.7 percent respectively. Considering the fertilizer use from 23 to 213, it was discovered that holdings used fertilizer increasingly from 8.8 percent in 23 to 85.3 percent in 213. There were especially using inorganic fertilizer only had increased from 58.4 percent in 23 to 58.7 percent in 213. In regard to the average number of using inorganic fertilizer per rai, it was found that its use fertilizer increasingly from 47.9 kg. per rai in 23 to 71.9 kg. per rai in 213. Table 1 Number of holdings by using fertilizer ( ) Item Number of holdings with crop 782, , ,235 (1%) (1%) (1%) Not using fertilizer 145, , ,618 (18.6) (19.2) (14.7) Use fertilizer 637,58 689,366 82,617 (81.4) (8.8) (85.3) Inorganic 484, , ,28 (61.9) (58.4) (58.7) Organic 15,695 25,384 25,75 Bio (2.) (3.) (2.7) * * 39,594 (4.1) Inorganic and other 136, ,81 173,876 Organic and bio (17.5) (19.4) (18.1) * * 16,162 (1.7) 2. Area treated inorganic fertilizer (rai) 9,899,315 1,529,46 11,757, Quantity used inorganic fertilizer (1, kg.) 412,359 54, ,82 Average per rai (kg.) Note * In 1993 and 23, did not collect about bio-fertilizer.

4 xx 7. Demographic characteristics and activity status The 213 census result showed that 63. percent of private agricultural holders were male, and the rest 37. percent were female. During 23 to 213, the proportion of male holders decreased from 69.9 percent to 63. percent respectively, while the proportion of female holders increased from 3.1 percent to 37. percent. Considering by age group of holders, it was found that most of holders had aged 35 years and over, however, for holders aged years continued to decrease from 25.1 percent in 23 to 2.9 percent in 213. Figure 7 Number of holders by sex and age group ( ) Concerning members of agricultural households in Southern Region, there were totally 3,347,244 members, which was accounted for 36.7 percent 3/ of the whole population of the Southern Region. The proportion of female was found higher than male, 52.3 percent and 47.7 percent respectively. The household size was averagely 3.3, which decreased from 3.6 in year 23. Considering by age of members, it was discovered that the group of members aged 45 years and over increased from 29. percent in 23 to 4.4 percent in 213. Table 2 Number of holder s household members by sex and age group ( ) Number of holders (Exculding corporation) () Male Female Item Total number of holders 798, ,585 1,2,226 (1%) (1%) (1%) by age group Under 25 years 16,956 1,561 9,72 (2.1) (1.2) (.9) years 132, ,179 79,829 (16.6) (15.5) (7.8) years 24, , ,6 (25.7) (25.1) (2.9) years 185, , ,69 (23.2) (24.4) (29.4) years 158,36 154,88 223,1 (19.8) (17.4) (21.9) 65 years and over 1, ,5 195,16 (12.6) (16.4) (19.1) Item Total number of holder's household member 3,293,853 3,196,255 3,347,244 (Exculding corporation) (1%) (1%) (1%) Average per household By sex Male 1,636,843 1,687,548 1,597,496 (49.7) (52.8) (47.7) Female 1,657,1 1,58,77 1,749,748 (5.3) (47.2) (52.3) By age group Under 25 years 1,557,739 1,87,59 943,295 (47.3) (34.) (28.2) years 52, , ,522 (15.2) (21.4) (14.8) years 45, ,9 556,862 (13.7) (15.6) (16.6) years 337,128 41, ,6 (1.2) (12.6) (17.8) years 262, , ,216 (8.) (8.3) (11.6) 65 years and over 184,52 259, ,749 (5.6) (8.1) (11.) 3/ In 213, total population in Southern Region is 9.1 million persons. (The Bureau of Registration Administration, Department of Provincial Administration, Ministry of Interior)

5 xxi Concerning activity status of the household members aged 1 years and over, it was found that 81.9 percent engaged in the economically activities. By this, 71.2 percent of the members aged 1 years and over engaged with agricultural activity in their holdings. Among these 47.4 percent engaged in agricultural work only on the holding and 23.8 percent engaged both in agricultural work on the holding and other works, while 1.7 percent of members did not engage in agricultural work on the holding. It was noticed that the proportion of members who works in their holdings only increased from 37.6 percent in 23 to 47.4 percent in 213. Table 3 Number of holder s household members 1 years of age and over by activity status ( ) Item Number of holder's household members 2,571,642 2,875,489 3,79,738 1 years of age and over (1%) (1%) (1%) By activity status Economically active 2,159,757 2,324,8 2,522,8 (84.) (8.8) (81.9) Engaged in agricultural work on 1,279,58 1,81,964 1,46,334 the holding only (49.7) (37.6) (47.4) Mainly engaged in agricultural 314, , ,139 work on the holding (12.2) (15.9) (11.5) and other works Mainly engaged in other works 4,316 59, ,289 and in agricultural work (15.6) (2.6) (12.3) on the holding Mainly engaged in other works 166, , ,38 (Not engaged in agricultural (6.5) (6.7) (1.7) work on the holding) Not economically active 411, , ,937 (16.) (19.2) (18.1) การศ กษาของผ ถ อครองท าการเกษตร Education level of the holders In the last 1 years, the higher education of agricultural holders with secondary education level increased from 13.6% to 22.%. For the holders with vocational degree and the holders with bachelor degree and higher level, the proportions were also increase (from 3.2% to 5.3% and 2.4% to 4.4% respectively). However, the proportion of holders with primary education level had decreased from 62. percent to 56.2 percent. The same pattern was also for the holders who had no schooling, which had decreased from 6.6 percent to 4. percent. Figure 8 Education of holders (23 213) Income รายได จากผลผล ตทางการเกษตร and debt of holder s household About half of holder s household (54.6%) earned income from agricultural activity only, which was increased by double from 23 (from 23.7% to 54.6%), while the rest of 45.4 percent were those who earned income from both agricultural activity and other sources. Table 4 Number of holders by household income ( ) Item Total number of holders 798, ,585 1,2,226 (Excluding corporation) (1%) (1%) (1%) By source of household income Agriculture only 357,535 29,59 556,997 (44.8) (23.7) (54.6) Agriculture and other sources 44, ,76 463,229 (55.2) (76.3) (45.4) Mainly from agriculture 174,159 33,91 28,187 (21.8) (34.2) (2.4) Mainly from being 42,17 62,552 39,68 agricultural worker (5.3) (7.1) (3.9) 4/ Mainly from other sources 224,66 31, ,434 (28.1) (35.) (21.1) 4/ Number of holdings reported the income's sources from other sources, In 1993 and 23 included equally information from agriculture and other sources Bachelor degree and higher Vocational education/ High vocational education/ Teachers' training every diploma in education Secondary education Elementary education Lower than elementary education Other No education

6 xxii 1. Employment on agricultural workers It was discovered that the proportion of the holders who earned income from agricultural products for 5,1 1, baht was 28.5 percent. This was followed by 1,1 baht and over and 2,1 5, baht (27.7% and 19.8% respectively). It is noticed that for 1,1 baht and over had increased 18.5 percent from 23. Figure Number of holders by income from agricultural product ( ) According to debt of household, there were 22.7 percent of the holders being in debt for agriculture. Most of debts (77.4%) borrowed from Bank for agriculture and agriculture cooperative, followed by village and city fund and cooperative/ Farmer s group (18.4% and 11.8% respectively). Figure 1 Dept of household (213) 77.3 % Not being in debt debt Holdings 1. million case 22.7 % Being in debt Number of holders with report 5/ of debt for agriculture 77.4% 4.8% 11.8% 18.4 %.6 % 2.2 % 1,1 baht and over 5,1-1, baht 2,1-5, baht 1,1-2, baht Under 1, baht Not having agricultural product Bank for agriculture and agricultural cooperatives Other banks/financial institute Cooperative/farmer's group Village and city fund Other government agencies Unorganized market 5/ In 213, number of holders with report of debt for agriculture by source of loan is 129,954 cases. One holder may report more than one source of loan. There were 25.7 percent of the agricultural holders employed the agricultural workers. Most of them were employment on an occasional workers (17.5%). The employment of agricultural workers with permanent workers and both permanent and occasional workers were 5.2 percent and 3. percent respectively. The permanent workers in 213 were totally 254,475 persons. Of this number were the foreigner workers 56,812 persons (22.3%). Table 5 Employment on agricultural ( ) Item Total number of holdings 798, ,855 1,21,472 Note * In 1993, did not collect about source of workers. (1%) (1%) (1%) Not employed agricultural workers 54, , ,654 (67.6) (7.7) (74.3) Employed agricultural workers 258, ,46 262,818 (32.4) (29.3) (25.7) Permanent workers 27,64 58,284 53,59 (3.4) (6.6) (5.2) Occasional workers 29, ,83 178,75 (26.3) (18.4) (17.5) Permanent and 21,696 38,373 3,559 occasional workers (2.7) (4.3) (3.) Number of permanent workers 276,13 254,28 254,475 By sex (1%) (1%) (1%) Male 86, , ,837 (31.3) (58.1) (6.8) Female 189,554 16,615 99,638 By source of workers (68.7) (41.9) (39.2) Thai * 231,23 197,663 (91.) (77.7) Foreigner * 23,5 56,812 (9.) (22.3).