INTEGRATED FISH /LIVESTOCK FARMING FARMING

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1 FMM/RAS/298: Strengthening capacities, policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Workshop 2 in cooperation with Malaysia Department of Fisheries and INFOFISH 7-9 August 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia INTEGRATED FISH /LIVESTOCK FARMING FARMING

2 BACKGROUND Integrated farming systems have been practiced in Malaysia since 1930s with the production of fish in paddy fields and pig-fish in ponds. A concept introduced by the early Chinese immigrants into Malaysia. Livestock-fish integration was reported in the 1950's by Le Mare (1952), although the practice itself predated the report. The abundance of disuse mining pools resulted in the predominance of agriculturefish integration in the tin mining states of Perak and Selangor (Jothy, 1968).

3 BACKGROUND These pools range in size from 0.2 to 35 ha and 3 to 15 m deep and cannot be drained. The agriculture-fish polyculture system involves species which are able to utilize different ecological niches. Chinese carps such as bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypopthalmichthys molotrix) and mud carp (Cirrhina molitorella), local species such as red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) and lampam, (Puntius gonionotus) and livestock and poultry such as hogs, goats, ducks, and chickens are used in the system (Ahyaudin, (1990))

4 BACKGROUND Low (1976) and Tan (1980) freshwater fish are an important source of additional income especially in non-paddy regions of Peninsular Malaysia. Merican and Soong (1966) fish from paddy constituted the most important source of freshwater fish even if there was no deliberate stocking of fish. Tan et al (1978) however, the increase use of pesticides and double cropping have caused problems for fish cultivation in paddy areas.

5 Tan, E. S. P., Khoo, K. H. (1980) Integration of Fish Farming with Agriculture in Malaysia. Integrated Agriculture-Aquaculture Farming. Paper presented in the 4 th ICLARM Conference (1980). Type of integrated farming in Selangor, Malaysia Number of farms Fish and pig 39 Fish, vegetable and pig 22 Fish, pig and poultry 20 Fish, poultry and fruit 18 Fish, vegetable, poultry and fruit 13 Fish, pig, vegetable andfruit 9 Fish, pig and fruit 7 Fish, poultry, vegetable 5 Fish, poultry, vegetable and padi 3 Fish, poultry and rubber 1 Fish, poultry, fruit and rubber 1 Fish, poultry, vegetable and fruit 3

6 Case studies by Tan et al (1980) Farm in Bayan Lepas, Penang (1950s) Fish + pig + poultry + vegetables + fruit. Tilapias, Silver carps, Common carps and Bighead carps were reared in the pig fattening section. Fish culture was stopped due to water shortage. Farm in Taiping, Perak (1978) Fish + pig + poultry Operated near an ex-mining pool. Big head carps, common carps and silver carps were stocked. Minimal efforts were put into fish culture, animal wastes, tapioca leaves and vegetable remnants were disposed into the pool.

7 BACKGROUND Tan & Khoo (1982) reported the economics of integrated agricultureaquaculture in rural Penang and Perak. The types of farms studied ranged from subsistence to commercial ventures, all practicing integrated farming systems. The commercial farms integrate fish-hogs-poultry-fruit trees-vegetables in their systems, whereas the subsistence level farms integrate fish-poultry-goats-fruit trees-rice in their systems

8 BACKGROUND Mukherjee (1985) - studied on goat-duckfish integration indicated abundance of food resources for ducks and better growth performances (30 40% increase) for fish under integrated conditions. Geeta et al. (1988); (1990) studied the efficiency of duck-fish integration Rohani (1991) reported on the economic feasibility of the integrated system is indicated by the positive economic analysis of goat-fish and duck-fish integration

9 BACKGROUND Syed et al. (1990). An integrated poultry, multi-species aquaculture for Malaysian rice farmers: A mixed integer programming approach (Macrobrachium polycultured with Chinese carp optimized farmer returns). Agricultural Systems, Volume 32, Issue 3,

10 CURRENT STATUS Fish/Livestock integrated farming is common in Malaysia, especially among the small scale farmers or traditional farmers and some big players (e.g Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA)) Most reports on integrated aquaculture farming systems in Malaysia concentrate essentially on case studies. No production data. Not listed in the DOF annual fisheries statistic

11 Although research shows that these systems are technically feasible and economically viable, socioeconomic factors such as consumer preference, adoption by farmers need to be considered However, in mygap, use of animal manure is not allowed.

12 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION