Effects of management intensity on plant biodiversity and related ecosystem services in Austrian, French, Romanian and Spanish vineyards

Transcription

1 Effects of management intensity on plant biodiversity and related ecosystem services in Austrian, French, Romanian and Spanish vineyards Silvia Winter 1, Penke, N. 1, Kriechbaum, M. 1, Popescu, D. 2, Lora, A. 3, Sánchez de la Cuesta, R. 3, Guzmán, G. 4, Cabezas, J.M. 4, Gómez, J.A. 4, Paredes, D. 5, Jung, V. 6, Fertil, A. 6, Schneider, A. 6, Chollet, S. 6, Comsa, M. 7, Johann G. Zaller 8 1 Institute of Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria (BOKU) 2 University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, Romania; 3 Department of Forestry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; 4 Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Cordoba, Spain; 5 Zaidín Experimental Station, CSIC, Granada, Spain; 6 University Rennes 1, UMR CNRS EcoBio, Paimpont, France; 7 Jidvei winery, Jidvei, Romania; 8 Institute of Zoology, BOKU

2 Background Land use is the major factor influencing plant diversity and ecosystem services Vineyards: potentially high ecosystem service provisioning? Inter-row space! Often in hilly landscapes more non-crop habitats traditional systems with multi-land use elements: fruit trees, pastures,

3 Ecosystem services and disservices: Soil erosion mitigation / carbon sequestration / aesthetic values / wine yield & quality / pollination

4 Biodiversity-based ecosystem services in vineyards: analysing interlinkages between plants, pollinators, soil biota and soil erosion across Europe - VineDivers

5 Research questions How do management intensity and landscape complexity affect biodiversity of vascular plant and wild bee species and belowground biota (earthworms, collembola, soil microorganisms). How does biodiversity influence ecosystem services: soil structure, stability and fertility, water infiltration, soil erosion, as well as yield and quality of grapes. Hypothesis: lower management intensity increases biodiversity and associated ecosystem services

6 Study regions Rainfed vineyards Loire, Coteaux du Layon, France Carnuntum & Leithaberg, Austria Tarnave vineyards, Rumania Montilla-Moriles, Spain 6

7 Sampling design 16 landscape cirlces (750 m radius) In some circles paired vineyards Plot 4 Plot 3 Plot 2 Plot 1 coloured bands mark plots

8 3 Management levels and study design J. Zaller Bare soil (tillage, in FR herbicides) Temporary vegetation cover Permanent vegetation cover 4 plots in vine inter-row and (1 m 2 ) and 4 plots under vines (1 x 0.4 m) within each vineyard, survey of vascular plant diversity and vegetation coverage (spring, summer) Plant biomass sampling before first management in vineyard (four 1 x 0.5 m)

9 Most common plant species AT inter-row 1 1. Lolium perenne seed mixture! 96/ Stellaria media 94/ Convolvulus arvensis - 90/ Taraxacum officinale agg. - 83/ Agropyron repens 69/ Veronica persica 62/ Trifolium repens seed mixture 56/ Geranium pusillum 55/104 Rasbak CC BY-SA H. Zell - CC BY-SA 3.0 Willow - CC BY-SA 2.5

10 Rare species of conservation concern 1. Galium parisiense critically endangered 2. Odontites vernus agg. endangered 3. Torilis arvensis endangered 4. Geranium dissectum regionally vulnerable 5. Filago arvensis regionally vulnerable

11 Plant diversity related ecosystem services Soil erosion mitigation measurements of soil hydrological parameter, modelling of erosion patterns on landscape scale Vegetation cover Carbon storage Permanent vegetation cover significantly increased organic carbon in Austrian soils (Bauer et al. in prep.) Pollination of wild plant species and fruit trees (floral resources) Higher flower coverage significantly increases pollinator abundance and species diversity (Kratschmer et al. in prep.) probably also increases pollination of fruit trees

12 Conclusions and Outlook In general decrease of species diversity of bare soil treatment No significant difference between temporary and permanent vegetation cover More extreme differences in management intensity significant differences in plant diversity What will be done? Plant trait analysis to identify differences between treatments Root biomass currently two Master thesis on root distribution and biomass from AT & RO vineyards Master thesis landscape aesthetics survey in AT & FR

13 Thank you for your attention! Thanks for financial support from the biodiversa call and the national funding agency FWF Check out our project homepage for more information Thanks to all colleagues and farmers for the allowing investigation in their vineyards and of course my colleagues from VineDivers! Peter B., Muriel, Thomas, Sophie, Daniela, Gema, José, Peter S., Martin,. Questions?