MEXICO LIVESTOCK SECTOR BRIEF. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO

Transcription

1 LIVESTOCK SECTOR BRIEF MEXICO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO Livestock Information, Sector Analysis and Policy Branch AGAL March 2005

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface...ii 1. General Information... 1 Human population, land and socio-economics... 1 Human population trends... 2 Trends in agricultural land Livestock Resources... 2 Livestock populations...2 Contribution of different species to total livestock units... 3 Selected indicators of livestock resources... 3 Agro-ecological zones and densities of livestock species (2000) Livestock Production... 6 Trends in annual production of meat, milk and eggs... 6 Composition of total meat production... 6 Carcass weights and percentage slaughtered by species... 7 Milk yields and proportion of dairy animals... 7 Egg yields and proportion of laying birds... 7 Estimated feed used for livestock production... 8 Trends in annual per capita production of meat, milk and eggs Consumption of Meat, Milk and Eggs... 9 Trends in annual consumption of meat, milk and eggs... 9 Trends in annual per capita consumption of meat, milk and eggs... 9 Production versus consumption for meat, milk and eggs (2002) Trade in Livestock and Livestock Products...11 Trade in agricultural and livestock products Export/import dependency for livestock products Trade in live animals Trade in livestock products Livestock Health...14 Total number of cases/outbreaks of selected diseases reported in all susceptible species References and Further Reading...15 Data contained in this Livestock Sector Brief are taken from official sources. Official sources are no guarantee for data accuracy and the figures reported in this brief should be taken as indicative and not be used for official purposes. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations assumes no responsibility for its accuracy, completeness and coherence. FAO AGAL i

3 PREFACE The Livestock Sector Briefs (LSB) are intended to provide a quick overview and an approximate outlook for the livestock sector of the respective country using figures and quantitative indicators originating from official sources. The LSBs are complemented by a synthesis of policy documents available in the public domain. The majority of the data in the LSBs refer to the country as a whole and come from FAOSTAT, which is available on the internet ( FAO, as part of its mandate, compiles information and data on various aspects of food and agriculture from all countries. The data are analysed and interpreted to support FAO's programmes and activities and, in accordance with the basic functions of the Organization, they are disseminated to the public through publications, CD-ROM, diskettes and the Internet. The country level data are officially submitted to the Division for Statistics of FAO (ESS) by various ministries of the respective countries. For details of data collection procedures see The figures submitted often display inconsistencies across ministries, for example reported meat production does not always match reported meat consumption when taking into account imports and exports. FAO tries to reconcile the figures, to the effect that FAO statistics may differ from those originally submitted. The LSBs utilise FAOSTAT data from the following domains: human population, land use, agriculture production, food supply and agricultural and food trade. These are used to derive a standard set of indicators that can quickly be compared across the countries. Data on the economy are from the World Bank s World Development Indicators CD-Rom, which is also available online and is updated every year. Animal health data are taken from the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) HANDISTATUS II These are official data supplied by member nations. For any feedback and comment, please contact: Pius Chilonda - Livestock Information Analyst Livestock Information, Sector Analysis and Policy Branch Animal Production and Health Division Food and Agricultural Organisation Viale delle Terme di Caracalla Rome, Italy Tel: Fax: Pius.Chilonda@fao.org FAO AGAL ii

4 1. GENERAL INFORMATION Human population, land and socio-economics Human population 102 million Population density on total land 53.4 persons/sqkm Annual growth rate ( ) 1.7 % Population in agriculture 22.7 million As proportion of total population 22.3 % Total land area 1,908,690 sqkm Agricultural land 1,073,000 sqkm As proportion of total land 56.2 % Land under pasture 800,000 sqkm As proportion of total land 74.6 % Irrigated area 63,200 ha Agricultural land per 100 people ha Agricultural land per 100 people in agriculture ha Agricultural population density on agricultural land 21.2 persons/sqkm GDP 1 374,729 million US$ GDP annual growth rate ( ) 2.7 % GDP per capita/year 1 3,717 US$ GDP per capita annual growth rate ( ) 1.1 % Agriculture, GDP 16,009 million US$ As proportion of total GDP 4.3 % Livestock, GDP 1 8,623 million US$ As proportion of agricultural GDP 53.9 % Human development Rank 53 Ranking 2 Human development index Poverty incidence 3 Total 10.1 % Urban na % Rural na % 1 Constant 1995 US$ 2 The HDI rank is determined using HDI values to the fifth decimal point from 177 countries, as compiled by the UNDP; 3 National poverty line; na: not available Source: World Bank (2002); UNDP (2004); FAO (2005a) FAO AGAL 1

5 Human population trends Values expressed in 1,000 Population segment Year Annual growth rate (%) Total 67,569 83,225 98, , Rural 22,738 22,921 25,034 25, Urban 44,831 60,304 73,899 76, Trends in agricultural 1 land Values expressed in sqkm Land type Year Annual growth rate (%) Total 990,290 1,034,000 1,073,000 1,073, Cropped 2 245, , , , Pastures 744, , , , The sum of area under arable land, permanent crops and permanent pastures 2 Arable and permanent crops 2. LIVESTOCK RESOURCES Livestock populations Values expressed in 1,000 Species Year Annual growth rate (%) Cattle 27,742 32,054 30,524 30, Sheep and goats 16,120 16,285 14,750 15, Pigs 16,890 15,203 16,088 18, Poultry 192, , , , Total LUs 27,180 30,348 31,733 33, LU: Livestock unit; conversion factors: cattle (0.70), sheep and goats (0.10), pigs (0.25) and poultry (0.01) FAO AGAL 2

6 Contribution of different species to total livestock units 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Poultry Pigs Sheep and goats Cattle 0% YEAR Selected indicators of livestock resources 150 LIVESTOCK UNITS LUs per 100 people, total population LUs per 100 people, agricultural population YEAR LIVESTOCK UNITS LUs per sqkm, total land LUs per sqkm, agricultural land YEAR FAO AGAL 3

7 Agro-ecological zones and densities of livestock species (2000) Density calculated on total land area 1 Agro-ecological zones People/sqkm Cattle/sqkm Sheep/sqkm 1 Densities for livestock populations and production is based on total land suitable for livestock production Source: FAO (2001); LandScan (2002), FAO (2005b) FAO AGAL 4

8 Pigs/sqkm Chickens/sqkm Beef offtake/sqkm Milk offtake/sqkm Source: FAO (2005b) FAO AGAL 5

9 3. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION Trends in annual production of meat, milk and eggs 1,000 metric tonnes Product Year Annual growth rate (%) Meat, total 2,540 2,801 4,457 4, Beef 741 1,114 1,409 1, Mutton and goat Pig 1, ,030 1, Poultry ,863 2, Milk, total 7,232 6,456 9,443 9, Eggs, total 644 1,010 1,788 1, Composition of total meat production 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Poultry Pig Mutton and goat Beef 0% YEAR FAO AGAL 6

10 Carcass weights and percentage slaughtered by species Species/year Carcass weight (kg/animal) Percentage slaughtered/year Cattle Sheep Goat Pigs Poultry Milk yields and proportion of dairy animals Species/year Milk yield (kg/year) Percentage milked Cattle 1, ,369 1, Egg yields and proportion of laying birds Species/year Eggs (kg/year) Percentage laying Chicken FAO AGAL 7

11 Estimated feed used for livestock production 1,000 metric tonnes Product Year Annual growth rate (%) Maize 2,055 3,588 5,375 8, Barley Sorghum 6,776 8,636 10,731 9, Millet Wheat Brans 1,268 1,928 2,316 2, Rice Paddy, equivalent Roots and Tuber, dry equivalent Pulses Oil crops Blanks represent no data Trends in annual per capita production of meat, milk and eggs KG/CAPITA/YEAR Meat, total Beef Mutton and goat meat Pig meat Poultry meat Milk, total Eggs, total YEAR FAO AGAL 8

12 4. CONSUMPTION OF MEAT, MILK AND EGGS Trends in annual consumption of meat, milk and eggs 1,000 metric tonnes Product Year Annual growth rate (%) Meat, total 2,538 2,988 5,503 6, Beef 743 1,167 1,782 1, Sheep and goat Pig 1, ,234 1, Poultry ,214 2, Milk, total 8,079 7,010 8,698 9, Eggs, total ,541 1, Trends in annual per capita consumption of meat, milk and eggs 120 KG/CAPITA/YEAR Meat, total Beef Mutton and goat meat Pig meat Poultry meat Milk, total Eggs, total YEAR FAO AGAL 9

13 Production versus consumption for meat, milk and eggs (2002) METRIC TONNES (1,000) Production Consumption PRODUCT Meat, total Beef Mutton and goat meat Pig meat Poultry meat Milk, total Eggs, total FAO AGAL 10

14 5. TRADE IN LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS Trade in agricultural and livestock 1 products Values in billion US$ Product Exports Imports Total Agricultural % agricultural Livestock % livestock Total trade in goods and services expressed in current US$. Source: World Bank (2002) Agricultural trade refers to all agricultural products, while livestock trade refers to trade in livestock products and live animals. Source: FAO (2005b) Export/import dependency for livestock products Product Exports as percentage of production Imports as percentage of consumption Meat, total Beef Sheep and goat Pig Poultry Milk, equivalent Eggs, total Product Net exports as percentage of production Net imports as percentage of consumption Meat, total Beef Sheep and goat Pig Poultry Milk, equivalent Eggs, total FAO AGAL 11

15 Trade in live animals Species Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Quantities (count) Cattle 316,503 17, ,686 1,351,106 73,442 1,277,664 1,223, , , , , ,659 Sheep and goats 0 114, , , ,028 1, , , , ,309 Pigs 0 3,114-3, ,969-41, ,501-73, , ,650 Poultry (1,000) 42 3,324-3, ,043-1, ,905-5, ,252-5,252 Value (1,000 US$) Cattle 79,525 18,399 61, ,530 73, , , , , , , ,364 Sheep and goats 0 9,392-9, ,713-14, ,208-28, ,927-32,916 Pigs 0 1,059-1, ,958-7, ,413-9, ,149-33,125 Poultry (1,000) 150 5,760-5, ,777-8, ,625-16, ,967-17,965 Total 79,675 34,610 45, , , , , , , , , ,358 Net trade: Exports less Imports Blanks represent no data FAO AGAL 12

16 Trade in livestock products Product LIVESTOCK SECTOR BRIEF MEXICO Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Export Import Net trade Quantities (metric tonnes) Meat, total 9,696 5,557 4,138 13, , ,182 80,923 1,080,976-1,000,053 78,299 1,233,024-1,154,725 Beef 710 1,799-1,089 6,025 61,255-55,230 10, , ,943 9, , ,655 Mutton and goat ,189-10, ,667-44, ,964-46,964 Pig ,586-41,038 56, , ,183 59, , ,074 Poultry 31 1,264-1,233 5,870 65,988-60,118 10, , ,156 7, , ,927 Other 8,913 1,490-10,403 1,186 14,793-15,979 2,884 35,989-38,873 1,576 38,681-40,257 Milk, equivalent 347 2,141,557-2,141, ,726,226-2,725, ,923 2,310,820-2,202, ,308 2,581,842-2,476,534 Eggs, total 0 2,491-2, ,154-3, ,495-9, ,733-9,584 Hides and skins 1 53,916-53,915 2,581 62,066-59,485 9, , ,629 8, , ,459 Value (1,000 US$) Meat, total 15,015 8,729 6,286 35, , , ,347 1,483,612-1,246, ,541 1,838,668-1,599,127 Beef 1,770 3,383-1,613 18, , ,594 37, , ,002 31,860 1,058,387-1,026,527 Mutton and goat 0 1,603-1, ,622-12, ,451-46, ,489-65,489 Pig ,496 76,977-74, , , , , , ,932 Poultry 111 1,862-1,751 12,149 48,977-36,828 8, , ,970 9, , ,091 Other 13,047 1,549-14,596 2,725 18,354-21,079 8,176 30,954-39,130 4,674 39,762-44,436 Milk, equivalent , , , ,903 45, , ,338 44, , ,501 Eggs, total 0 3,894-3, ,563-5, ,446-19,839 1,822 25,980-24,158 Hides and skins 0 65,010-65,010 5,634 98,051-92, , ,005-72,110 92, ,122-83,997 Total 15, , ,325 41,888 1,139,917-1,098, ,244 2,308,796-1,922, ,953 2,754,736-2,376,783 Net trade: Exports less Imports Blanks represent no data FAO AGAL 13

17 6. LIVESTOCK HEALTH Total number of cases/outbreaks of selected diseases reported in all susceptible species Disease African swine fever Avian Influenza 1 (06/1995) (06/1995) (06/1995) (06/1995) (06/1995) (06/1995) (06/1995) Bluetongue BSE CBPP Classical swine fever 16,704/150 3,550/107 6,837/44 1,391/12 1,391/12 59/6 18/6 Foot and mouth disease (1954) (1954) (1954) (1954) (1954) (1954) (1954) Lumpy skin disease Newcastle disease 113/26 /41 18,322/48 /159 11,203/8 144/4 3,976/14 Peste des petits ruminants Rift Valley fever Rinderpest Sheep and goat pox Swine vesicular disease Vesicular stomatitis 604/31 475/45 239/12 640/22 5,065/55 171/22 623/99 1 Highly pathogenic avian influenza 2 Bovine spongiform encephalopathy 3 Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia no/no number of cases/outbreaks,... no information available, - disease not reported, 000 disease never reported; (month/year) date of the last reported occurrence of the disease in previous years Source: OIE (2004) FAO AGAL 14

18 7. REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING FAO (2001) Agro-ecological Distributions for Africa, Asia and North and Central America, Consultants Report. Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome. FAO (2005a) FAOSTAT data. Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome. (accessed July, 2005). FAO (2005b) Global Livestock Production and Health Atlas. Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome. (accessed July, 2005). LandScan (2002) Global Population Database. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oakridge. OIE (2004) HANDISTATUS II. Office International des Epizooties, Paris. (accessed July, 2005). UNDP (2004). The Human development Reports, United Nations Development Programme, New York. World Bank (2002) The 2002 World Bank development indicators CD-Rom. The World Bank, Washington DC. FAO AGAL 15