THE COLORADO EXPERIMENT STATION

Transcription

1 Press Bulletin 79 Sept-ember, 1932 THE COLORADO EXPERIMENT STATION FORT COLLINS FEEDLOT FATTENING RATIONS FOR LAMBS Report of Test Progress Report of Livestock Feeding Experiment By GEORGE E. MORTON ahd B. W. FAIRBANKS Summary 1. Cottonseed M:eal.-The addition of cottonseed meal to the ration increased the gains and improved the finish of the lambs. At prevailing feed prices, cottonseed meal proved to be a profitable addition to the basic rations, except when it was added to whole barley, wet beet pulp and alfalfa hay. This is somewhat difficult to explain as cottonseed meal should have a greater feed value with wet beet pulp in the ration than in a straight grain-and-hay ration. It is admitted that this does not check with previous work reported from this station. It should be noted, however, that the barley used this year was a No.3 grade barley. 2. Linseed Oilmeal.-The addition of linseed oilmeal increased the gains, but in every case the cost of 100 pounds of gain was increased, and the profit per lamb was decreased. In no instance did the feed replacement value of the linseed oilmeal equal its purchase price. Linseed oilmeal is an excellent feed from the standpoint of its nutritive value, but its cost to Colorado feeders makes its use prohibitive. Other protein supplements have proved of higher value under Colorado's price conditions. 3. Ground Flaxseed.-The results indicate one significant difference in the feeding value of ground flaxseed. It proved to be an excellent protein supplement when added to rations containing whole barley, but the results were not as satisfactory in the whole-wheat rations. When added to barley rations, ground flaxseed increased the gains, decreased the cost of gains, increased the dressing percentage, and increased the profit per lamb. When added to whole wheat and alfalfa hay, the feed-replacement value of ground flaxseed did not equal its cost. 4. Wheat Mixed Feed and Screenings.-Six-tenths pound of wheat mixed feed and screenings fed with whole barley and alfalfa hay increased the gain per lamb 4.35 pounds and when added to whole

2 barley, wet beet pulp and alfdlfa hay it increased the gain 7.99 pounds per lamb. Each ton of wheat mixed feed and screenings fed replaced pounds of whole barley and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay, in the first ration and pounds of whole barley, pounds of wet beet pulp and pounds of alfalfa hay in the second ration. In every case this protein supplement decreased the cost of gain, improved the condition of the lambs, and increased the profit per lamb. The feed, wheat mixed feed and screenings, is known to the Colorado lamb feeder as wheat bran. 5. Protein Supp lements for Colorado Lamb Feeders.-The Colorado lamb feeder now has four protein supplements from which a choice may be made. These are cottonseed meal, linseed oilmeal, ground flaxseed, and wheat mixed feed and screenings. Selection of any one of these should be made upon its feed-replacement value as compared to its cost. 6. Supplementing Whole Barley and Alfalfa Hay.-Cottonseed meal showed a feed-replacement value of $37.92 per ton; linseed oilmeal, $29.78 per ton; ground flaxseed, $56.91 per ton; and wheat mixed feed and screenings, $18.69 per ton. Based upon gain, cost of gain, profit per lamb, and feed-replacement value, ground flaxseed proved the best supplement to the whole-barley-alfalfa ration. Of the four supplements used, linseed oilmeal was the only one that had a feed-replacement value which did not equal its cost. 7. Supplementing Whole Barley, Wet Beet Pulp and Alfalfa Hay.-The most efficient supplement to whole barley, wet beet pulp and alfalfa hay was wheat mixed feed and screenings. When fed at the rate of 0.62 pound daily, each ton of wheat mixed feed and screenings replaced pounds of whole barley, pounds of wet beet pulp and pounds of alfalfa hay. The wheat mixed feed and screenings, costing $12.00 per ton, had a feed-replacement value of $ Ground flaxseed was an economical supplement to this ration, while the feed-replacement values of cottonseed meal and linseed oilmeal did not equal their purchase prices. 8. Sup plementing Whole Wheat and Alfalfa Hay.-Cottonseed was the most efficient supplement to the whole-wheat-alfalfa-hay ration, when efficiency is judged by economy of gain, profit per lamb, and feed-replacement value. Linseed oilmeal produced the greatest gain, but its cost was in excess of its feed-replacement value. Ground flaxseed was not an economical supplement to the whole-wheat-alfalfahay ration. 9. Supp.lementing Whole Wheat, Wet Beet Pulp and Alfalfa Hay.-Cottonseed meal proved more economical as a supplement to whole wheat, wet beet pulp and alfalfa hay than did ground flaxseed or linseed oilmeal. Based upon gain, cost of gain and profit per lamb,

3 ground flaxseed was a superior protein supplement to linseed oilmeal in this combination. 10. Shelled Corn vs. Whole Wheat.-The significant difference in the results of these two feeds is found in the feed requirements for 100 pounds of gain. A choice between these two feed~ should be made largely upon relative costs. Each ton of corn replaced 2, pounds of wheat and pounds of alfalfa hay. Wheat proved a much more satisfactory feed when supplemented with wet beet pulp and a protein supplement. Objects of the Experiment 1. To compare cottonseed meal, linseed oilmeal, ground flaxseed and wheat mixed feed and screenings as protein supplements respectively to the following rations for fattening lambs: a. Whole-barley-alfalfa b. Whole-barley-wet-beet-pulp-alfalfa c. Whole-wheat-alfalfa d. Whole-wheat-wet-beet-pulp-alfalfa 2. To determine the comparative feeding values of shelled corn and whole wheat. 3. To compare gains and costs of gains when different supplementary feeds were added to the whole-wheat-alfalfa-hay ration. Lambs Used The lambs used were grade range lambs from Northwestern Colorado. They were out of white-faced ewes and sired, for the most part, by Hampshire rams, altho some Suffolk rams and a very few Hampshire-Suffolk rams were used. The lambs were the entire feeder-end of the shipment of one grower to the Denver market. They were in good feeding condition, vigorous and thrifty, but due to the fact that the entire feeder-end was secured from only one shipment, there was a lack of uniformity in size and weight. When the lambs were allotted to the 18 pens, great care was exercised to have all lots uniform in size, weight, type and condition. At the end of 70 days the heavy end of each lot was cut off and shipped to market. Accurate data were kept of this first shipment and they became a part of the figures from which the average figures per lamb were computed for presentation in the tables included in this report. Rations Fed-Series I Lot 1.-'----Shelled corn, alfalfa hay. Lot 2.-Whole barley, alfalfa hay. Lot 3.-Whole barley, cottonseed meal, alfalfa hay. Lot 6.-Whole barley, linseed oilmeal, alfalfa hay. Lot 4.-Whole barley, ground flaxseed, alfalfa hay. Lot 5.-Whole barley, wheat mixed feed and screenings, alfalfa hay.

4 Rations Fed-Series II Lot 2~-Whole barley, alfalfa hay. Lot 13.-Whole barley, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Lot 15.-Whole barley, cottonseed meal, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. L-ot 16.-Whole barley, linseed oilmeal, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Lot 14.-Whole barley, ground flaxseed, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Lot 17.-Whole barley, wheat mixed feed and screenings, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Rations Fed-Series III Lot l.-shelled corn, alfalfa hay. Lot 8.-Whole wheat, alfalfa hay. Lot 12.-Whole wheat, cottonseed meal, alfalfa hay. Lot 11.-Whole wheat, linseed oilmeal, alfalfa hay. Lot 10.-Whole wheat, ground flaxseed, alfalfa hay. Lot 9.-Whole wheat, cottonseed meal, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Lot 7.-Whole wheat, linseed oilmeal, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Lot 13.-Whole wheat, ground flaxseed, wet beet pulp, alfalfa hay. Feeds Used Shelled corn, No. 1 yellow (recleaned), percent moisture, was secured from the local elevator. Whole barley, No. 3, percent moisture, was secured from the local elevator. The weight per bushel was 44.0 pounds. Whole wheat, No. 2 mixed, percent moisture, was secured from. the local elevator. Weight per bushel was 58.8 pounds. Wet beet pulp was hauled from the local sugar factory and was stored temporarily in a small pit at the experiment station. The moisture content varied from percent to percent, with an average of percent. Wet beet pulp was charged to the lambs at net factory price plus 53 cents per ton to cover handling charges. Cottonseed meal, 7.26 percent moisture, had a guaranteed analysis of 43 percent protein. Linseed oilmeal, 9.02 percent moisture, had a guaranteed analysis of 34 percent protein. Ground flaxseed, 8.50 percent moisture, came from a Northeastern Colorado ranch and was ground in a hammer mill at a Fort Collins elevator. This feed was analyzed by Maxwell Parshall, chemist, Colorado State Dairy Commission, with the following results : Moisture percent Ash percent Crude fat percent Crude protein percent Crude fiber percent Nitrogen-freeextract percent

5 Wheat mixed feed and screenings, percent moisture, had a guaranteed analysis of 14.5 percent protein, and was secured from the local elevator. In Northern Colorado this feed is known and referred to as wheat bran and was so called in our Feeders' Day report. In this bulletin, which is prepared for general distribution, the feed is referred to by its official name. The tags upon the sacks carried the following notation : ''Ingredients-Wheat Bran, Shorts, and Ground Wheat Screenings not over 8 percent." The chemical analysis as reported by Maxwell Parshall, is as follows: Moisture percent Crude protein percent Ash percent Crude fiber 8.42 percent Crude fat percent Nitrogen-freeextract percent Alfalfa bay was grown locally. Second cutting was used for the most part, but it was necessary to use a few loads of first cutting. The hay was bright, leafy and of good quality; in fact, this season's hay was superior to the average hay grown. No. 4 sheep salt was self-fed in all lots. Method of Feeding All concentrates were fed twice daily, one-half the amount in the morning and one-half in the afternoon. Shelled corn, whole barley and whole wheat were gradually increased from pound to 1.25 pounds daily in approximately 8 weeks. Exceptions to this general plan of feeding occurred in the straight grain-and-hay lots where the corn and barley were increased to 1.5 pounds, and in the pulp-fed lots where the grain was cut back to 1 pound as results did not seem to justify the additional grain. :Maximum feed of cottonseed meal was.25 pound; maximum feed of wheat mixed feed and screenings was. 75 pound, and maximum feed of linseed oilmeal was approximately.30 pound. The attempt was made to feed these three protein supplements in amounts that were comparable to the respective amounts of digestible crude protein found in each feed. Maximum feed of ground flaxseed was.20 pound. All protein supplements were mixed with grains at the time of feeding. Wet beet pulp was increased from 1 pound to the maximum of 5 pounds daily in 11 days. All lots cleaned up the pulp readily with the exception of Lot 17. In this lot it was necessary to cut back for a few days toward the end of the experiment and especially when the weather was warm. Alfalfa hay and salt were self-fed. Financial Statement The lambs were shipped to Denver where they were sold and slaughtered. Actual cost per lamb, feed costs and shipping and selling expenses are reported in Tables 1b, 2b and 3b. An estimate of fixed costs, including interest charges, equipment and labor, is in-

6 eluded in the financial statement. This estimate is based on unpublished studies from the Economics Department of the Colorado Agricultural College, but for this report the labor charge per lamb was reduced 10 cents. Discussion of Results Value of Cottonseed Meat-The addition of cottonseed meal to the whole-barley-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 2 and 3, Tables 1a and 1b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage, improved the condition and increased the profit per lamb from 3 cents (Lot 2) to 11 cents (Lot 3). One ton of cottonseed meal replaced 1, pounds of barley and 5, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of cottonseed meal to the whole-barley-wet-beetpulp-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 18 and 15, T'ables 2a and 2b) increased the gain and improved the finish slightly, but the cost of gain was increased and the dressing percentage was decreased, while the profit per lamb was 21 cents in both lots. One ton of cottonseed meal replaced pounds of barley, 4, pounds of wet beet pulp, and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of cottonseed meal to the whole-wheat-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 8 and 12, Tables 3a and 3b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage and increased the profit per lamb from 16 cents (Lot 8) to 27 cents (Lot 12). One ton of cottonseed meal replaced 1, pounds of wheat and 5, pounds of alfalfa hay. Value of Linseed Oilmeal.-The addition of linseed oilmeal to a whole-barley-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 2 and 6, Tables 1a and 1b) increased the gain and increased the dressing percentage, but increased the cost of gain and decreased the return per lamb from a profit of 3 cents (Lot 2) to a loss of 10 cents (Lot 6). One ton of linseed oilmeal replaced 1, pounds of barley and 4, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of linseed oilmeal to a whole-barley-wet-beet-pulpalfalfa-hay ration (Lots 18 and 16, Tables 2a and 2b) increased the gain and increased the dressing percentage, but the cost of gain was increased, and the profit per lamb was decreased from 21 cents (Lot 18) to 13 cents (Lot 16). One ton of linseed oilmeal replaced pounds of barley, 5, pounds of wet beet pulp and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of linseed oilmeal to a whole-wheat-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 8 and 11, Tables 3a and 3b) increased the gain, but the dressing percentage was decreased, the finish of the lambs was not as high, the cost of gain was increased, and the profit per lamb was decreased from 16 cents (Lot 8) to 3 cents (Lot 11). One ton of lin-

7 seed oilmeal replaced 1, pounds of wheat and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. The figures indicate clearly that linseed oilmeal is an excellent nitrogenous supplement, but under Colorado conditions its price is too high as compared to other available supplements. Value of Ground Flaxseed.-The addition of ground flaxseed to the whole-barley-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 2 and 4, Tables 1a and 1b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage and increased the profit per lamb from 3 cents (Lot 2) to 21 cents (Lot 4). One ton of ground flaxseed replaced 3, pounds of barley and 7, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of ground flaxseed to the whole-barley-wet-beetpulp-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 18 and 14, Tables 2a and 2b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage, improved the condition slightly and increased the profit per lamb from 21 cents (Lot 18) to 31 cents (Lot 14). One ton of ground flaxseed replaced 2, pounds of barley, 11, pounds of wet beet pulp, and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of ground flaxseed to the whole-wheat-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 8 and 10, Tables 3a and 3b) did not increase the gain (0.3 pound per head per day in both lots), increased the dressing percentage, improved the finish slightly, but increased the cost of gain and decreased the profit per lamb from 16 cents (Lot 8) to 7 cents (Lot 10). One ton of ground flaxseed replaced 1, pounds of wheat and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. Ground flaxseed may be added to the list of protein supplements available for Colorado lamb feeders. Its value depends upon its feed-replacement value and this in turn is influenced by the price of the feeds replaced. Value of Wheat Mixed Feed and Screenings.-As mentioned on page 5 this feed is known to Colorado lamb feeders as wheat bran. The addition of wheat mixed feed and screenings to the wholebarley-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 2 and 5, Tables 1a and 1b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage, improved the condition and increased the profit from 3 cents per lamb (Lot 2) to 18 cents per lamb (Lot 5). One ton of wheat mixed feed and screenings replaced pounds of barley and 3, pounds of alfalfa hay. The addition of wheat mixed feed and screenings to the wholebarley-wet-beet-pulp-alfalfa-hay ration (Lots 18 and 17, Tables 2a and 2b) increased the gain, decreased the cost of gain, increased the dressing percentage, improved the finish and increased the profit per Iamb from 21 cents (Lot 18) to 53 cents (Lot 17). One ton of wheat

8 mixed feed and screenings replaced pounds of barley, pounds of wet beet pulp and 2, pounds of alfalfa hay. Of the 18 rations fed in this experiment, the one containing whole barley, wheat mixed feed and screenings, wet beet pulp and alfalfa hay produced the largest gain, the lowest cost of gain, the highest dressing percentage, the greatest profit per lamb, and every carcass was graded choice in the cooler. Comparison of Cottonseed Meal, Linseed Oi1meal, Ground Flaxseed and Wheat Mixed Feed and Screenings as Protein Sup.plements to a Whole-Barley-Alfalfa-Hay Ration (Tables 1a and 1b).-Ground flaxseed gave the largest average daily gain (0.33 pound), the lowest cost of 100 pounds of gain ($5.95), and the largest profit per lamb (21 cents). The highest dressing percentage was secured with wheat mixed feed and screenings. The grades of carcasses show but very little difference in the finish of these four lots of lambs. The cottonseed meal showed a feed-replacement value of $37.92 per ton. The linseed oilmeal showed a feed-replacement value of $29.78 per ton. T he ground flaxseed showed a feed-replacement value of $56.91 per ton. The wheat mixed feed and screenings showed a feed-replacement value of $18.69 per ton. Comparison of Cottonseed Meal, Linseed Oi1meal, Ground Flaxseed and Wheat Mixed Feed and Screenings as Protein Supplements to a Whole-Barley-Wet-Beet-Pulp-Alfalfa-Hay Ration, (Tables 2a and 2b).-When these supplements are compared upon the basis of average daily gain per lamb, cost of 100 pounds of gain, profit per lamb and dressing percentage, the feed, wheat mixed feed and screenings, was superior to the other three protein supplements. The differences in finish between the four lots of lambs were not significant. The cottonseed meal showed a feed-replacement value of $23.26 per ton. The linseed oilmeal showed a feed-replacement value of $25.94 per ton. The ground flaxseed showed a feed-replacement value of $37.58 per ton. The wheat mixed feed and screenings showed a feed-replacement value of $17.84 per ton.

9 Comparison of Cottonseed Meal, Linseed Oilmeal and Ground Flaxseed as Protein Supplements to a Whole-Wheat-Alfalfa-Hay Ration (Lots 8, 12, 11 and 10, Tables 3a and 3b.)-Linseed oilmeal produced the highest average daily gain per lamb (0.32 pounds). Cottonseed meal put on the cheapest gain ( $5.87 per cwt.) and with this protein supplement the largest profit per lamb (27 cents) was realized. The highest dressing percentage was from the lambs receiving ground flaxseed. Linseed oilmeal did not produce quite the finish as did the other two protein supplements. Each ton of cottonseed meal had a feed-replacement value of $30.03 per ton. Each ton of linseed oilmeal had a feed-replacement value of $24.79 per ton. Each ton of ground flaxseed had a feed-replacement value of $20.09 per ton. CompariSio n of Cottonseed Meal, Linseed Oilmeal and Ground Flaxseed as Protein Supplements to a Whole-Wheat-Wet-Beet-Pulpw Alfalfa-Hay Ration. (Lots 9, 7 and 13, Tables 3a and 3b).-Cottonseed meal produced the highest average daily gain per lamb (0.36 pounds) while the gains from linseed oilmeal and ground flaxseed were equal (0.35 pounds). Cottonseed meal produced the cheapest gains ($5.55 per cwt.) while the cost of gains in the ground-flaxseed lot was $5.77 per cwt., and in the Iinseed-oilmeal lot the cost of gains was $6.10 per cwt. Cottonseed meal produced Iambs which made a profit of 43 cents per lamb, while the profit on the lambs fed ground flaxseed was 36 cents and on linseed oilmeal, 16 cents. All Iambs in all three lots graded choice in the cooler. Shelled Corn vs. Whole Wheat.-The greatest difference between these two lots of lambs is found in the feed required for 100 pounds of gain (Lots 1 and 8, Tables 3a and 3b). The decision as to which of these two grains to use rests upon their relative feed costs. At existing feed prices the wheat-fed lambs put on gains at a cost of $6.03 per cwt., while the cost of 100 pounds of gain in the corn-fed lot was $6.47. The wheat-fed lambs returned a profit of 16 cents per lamb, and the profit on the corn-fed lambs was 8 cents per lamb. Each ton of corn replaced 2, pounds of wheat and pounds of alfalfa hay. The slaughter data for the wheat-fed lambs in this experiment are rather significant. Before slaughter the wheat-fed lambs were criticized for lack of finish and a low dressing percentage was predicted. The slaughter data do not seem to confirm the pre-slaughter estimates.

10 Supplementing the Wheat-Alfalfa-Hay Ration.-The addition of a protein supplement and wet beet pulp increased the gain, improved the dressing percentage and improved the finish. As feed cost per 100 pounds of gain and profit per lamb are influenced so much by the prices of feeds used, special attention must be given to the feed cost per 100 pounds of gain which may be quickly computed from the feed requirements for 100 pounds of gain.

11 Table la.-lamb-feeding Experiment, Colorado Experiment Station-24 Lambs pe'r Lot; Fed 114 days (November 20, 1931, to March 13, 1932) (Table Based on One Average Lamb) Lot Number 1 2 3!i 4 5 Ration fed Barley Barley Barley BarlE'y Cotton- Linseed Ground Wheat Alfalfa hay and salt Corn Barley seed Oil- Flax- Mixed in all lots Meal meal seed Feed* Weight at start (lbs.) Final weight (Denver) (lbs.) Gain at market Average daily gain (market weight) Shipping shrinkage (percentage) Average daily feed (lbs.) Shelled corn 1.00 Whole barley Cottonseed meal 0.21 Linseed oilmeal 0.25 Ground flaxseed 0.17 Wheat mixed feed* 0.62 Alfalfa hay Salt Feed required per 100 lbs. gain Shelled corn Whole barley Cottonseed meal Linseed oilmeal Ground flaxseed Wheat mixed feed* Alfalfa hay Salt Feed cost per 100 lbs. (Gain at market) *Contained screenings not exceeding 8 percent.

12 Table lb.-financial Statement Based on Average Feed Prices and Sale of Lambs. Lot NumbE-r 1 2 Ration fed Alfalfa hay and salt Corn Barley in all lots Cost per $5.25 cwt Feed cost per lamb Est. fixed cost including interest, equipment and labor Shipping and selling expense Total cost at market (Denver) Selling weight (Denver) Gross receipts per Iamb Profit per lamb Dressing percentage Grade of carcass in cooler Choice Good 3 2 Medium Common Feed costs; Shelled corn... c... $20.00 per ton Whole barley per ton Cottonseed meal per ton Linseed oilmeal per ton *Contained screenings not exceeding 8 percent. 3 Barley Cottonseed Meal Barley Barley Barley Linseed Ground Wheat Oil Flax~ Mixed meal seed Feed* ~ Ground flaxseed... $30.00 per ton Wheat mixed feed and screenings per ton Alfalfa hay per ton Salt per ton

13 Table 2a.-Lamb-Feeding Experiment, Colorado Experiment Station-24 Lambs per Lot; Fed 114 Days-(November 20, 1931, to March 13, 1932) (Table Based on One Average Lamb) Lot Number Barley Barley Barley Barley Ration fed Barley Cottonseed Linseed Ground Wheat Barley Wet Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Mixed Feed* Alfalfa hay and salt Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet in all lots Pulp Pulp Pulp Pulp Pulp Weight at start (lbs.) Final weight (Denver) (lbs.) Gain at market Average daily gain (market weight) Shipping shrinkage (percentage) Average daily feed (tbs.) Whole barley Cottonseed meal 0.21 Linseed oilmeal 0.24 Ground flaxseed 0.16 Wheat mixed feed* 0.62 Wet beet pulp Alfalfa hay Salt Feed required per 100 Ibs. gain - Whole barley l')() Cottonseed meal Linseed oilmeal Ground flaxseed Wheat mixed feed* Wet beet pulp Alfalfa hay MG.ro Salt Feed cost per 100 lbs. (Gain at market) *Contained screenings not exceeding 8 percent.

14 Table 2b.-Financial Statement Based on Average Feed Prices and Sale of Lambs. Lot Number Barley Barley Barley Barley Ration fed Barley Cottonseed Linseed Ground Wheat Barley Wet Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Mixed Feed Alfalfa hay and salt Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet in all lots Pulp Pulp Pulp Pulp Pulp Cost per lamb Feed cost per lamb Est. fixed cost including interest, equipment and labor Shipping and selling expense Total cost at market (Denver) Selling weight (Denver) Gross receipts per lamb Profit per lamb Dressing percentage Grade of carcass in cooler Choice ** Good Medium Common Feed costs: Whole barley -... $15.00 per ton Cottonseed meal per ton Linseed oilmeal per ton Ground flaxseed per ton contained screenings not exceeding 8 percent. One lamb condemned-uremia. Wheat mixed feed and screenings... $12.00 per ton Wet beet pulp per ton Alfalfa hay per ton Salt per ton

15 Table 3a.-Lamb-Feeding Experiment, Colorado Experiment St:ation-24 Lambs per Lot; Fed 114 Days (November 20, 1931, to March 13, 1932) (Table Based on pne Average Lamb) Lot Number Ration fed Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat c. s. L. S. Ground Corn Wheat c. s. L. S. Ground Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Alfalfa hay and salt Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Wet Dee~ Wet Beet Wet Beet in all lots Pulp Pulp Pulp Weight at start (lbs.) Final weight (Denver) (Ibs.) Gain at market Average daily gain (market wt.) Shipping shrinkage (percentage) Average daily feed (Ibs.) Shelled corn 1.00 Whole wheat Cottonseed meal Linseed oilmeal Ground flaxseed Wet beet pulp Alfalfa hay Salt Feed required per 100 lbs. gain Shelled corn Whole wheat Cottonseed meal ~ Linseed oilmeal Ground flaxseed Wet beet pulp Alfalfa hay Salt ) Feed cost per 100 lbs. (Gain at market)

16 Table 3b.-Finanetal Statement Based on Average Feed Priees and Sale of Lambs. Lot Number Ration fed Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat c. s. L. S. Ground Corn Wheat c. s. L. S. Ground Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Alfalfa hay and salt Meal Oilmeal Flaxseed Wet Beet Wet Beet Wet Beet in all lots Pulp Pulp Pulp Cost per lamb cwt Feed cost per lamb Est. fixed cost including interest, equipment and labor Shipping and selling expense Total cost at market Selling weight (Denver) Gross receipts per lamb Profit per lamb Dressing percentage Grade of carcass in cooler Choice Good Medium Common Feed costs: Shelled corn... $20.00 per ton Whole wheat per ton Cottonseed meal per ton I.inseed oilmeal per ton Ground flaxseed... $30.00 per ton Wet beet pulp per ton Alfalfa, hay per ton Salt per ton