CHA0 Meloidogyne javanica

Transcription

1 Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 Meloidogyne javanica *** ** * 88/2/22 : 86/8/12 : Meloidogyne javanica (CFU/ml) Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 ( ). ( )... ( ).. fluorescens CHA0 : Pseudomonas - (m_mokhtari1384@yahoo.com ) ** - *** - - *

2 Pseudomonas fluorescens.(15) ISR..(17) - (POX) (PAL).(8) Lignifications.. Meloidogyne ) (spp...(13)...(12)..(19) 152

3 .(5) P. CHA0 fluorescens - NB 150 rpm g 10 9 (CFU/ml).(16) P. fluorescens CHA0 N3 2-3 (CaljN3) ) (2 1 1 ) 360.( Crosslinking H 2 O 2 H 2 O 2.(18 7) P. aeruginosa,p. fluorescens ) (.(14) (ISR). P. fluorescens CHA0. Meloidogyne javanica (Single egg mass)..(4) 153

4 . a. b. 0/5. ph 0/ g (10) 20.(2) 595 P. CHA (CFU/ml) fluorescens. (run-off).(20) 2000 M. javanica P. fluorescens CHA : ( )

5 /4 ph.. P. fluorescens CHA0.(6) ( ) ( 40 ) (10) (native PAGE)

6 . N3 M. javanica CHA0 P. fluorescens - 1 Table 1 - The effect of P. fluorescens CHA0, in tomato seedling against root-knot nematode (M. javanica) ) ( 14 ( ) ( ) /40 a ±26/ 66 1/20 a ± 8/ 33 a ± 7/21 a ± 69 51/ /32 b ± 60 29/00 b ± 153 3/16 b ±16/ 83 1/45 a ± 7/ /00 a ±86 6/66 a ± /14 a ± /33 a ± 440 1/66 b ±11/ 66 0/50 a ± 6/ 50 ( ). ES ±. Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different at (p 0.05) in accordance with Duncan's multiple range test. Each data ±SE +. + ). ( ( ) + ( )..(1 ) ( ). ( ) 156

7 / / P. fluorescens CHA (±SE) M. javanica P. fluorescens CHA0 M. javanica CaljN3 Fig. 1. Time course of change in peroxidase activity in root extracts of tomato plants infected with P. fluorescens CHA0 against root-knot nematode, Enzyme activities were determined as described in the text. Each value is the mean of three replications. Error bars indicate ± SE. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. CaljN3), Nematode (M. javanica), Bacterial (P. fluorescens CHA0) 0/5 0/45 0/37 0/32 0/28 R f ( = A) R f = 0/32 (B) R f. 0/5 0/32. 0/45 0/37 0/32 0/28 R f. 0/5 D C

8 Stacking gel A D C C B A D B P. fluorescens Resolving gel Rf =0.28 Rf =0.32 Rf =0.37 Rf =0.45 Rf =0.5 CHA0 2 + : D : C : B : A. Fig. 2. Native-PAGE assay of soluble peroxidase isozymes on the treated and untreated tomato roots by Pseudomonase fluorescens CHA0 in the absence and presence of Meloidogyne javanica challenge Rf], distance of isozyme migration divided by distance of migration of the dye fronts. A: M. javanica, B: healty control, C: P. fluorescens, D: P. fluorescens + M. javanica. M. javanica -. P. fluorescens.. - ( ).. ISR.(1) CHA0 P. fluorescens 158

9 R f. 0/32. P. fluorescens.(9). P. fluorescens CHA0.(3) P. CHA0 fluorescens.....(14) P. fluorescens. CHA0 P. fluorescens H 2 O 2. G12 Rhizobium Globodera pallida G α PR ) -3 PR.(11) ( 159

10 References 1. Aberra MB, Seah S and Sivasithamparam KC (1998) Suppression of the take-all fungus (Gaeumanomyces graminis var. tritici) by a sterile red fungus through induced resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling roots. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 30: Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilization the principle of protein dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72: Defago G, Berling CH, Haas D, Kahr G, Keel C, Voisard C and Wurthrich B (1990) Suppression of black root rot of tobacco and other root diseases by strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens.potential applications and mechanisms In Horny (editor) Biological control of soil-borne pathogens CAB International Wallingford, UK. Pp Hussay RS and Barker KR (1973) A compression of methods of collecting inoculate of Meloidogyne spp. including a new technique. Plant Disease. Rep. 57: Jepson SB (1987) Identification of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyn spp.). C.A.B. Interactional, 256 pp. 6. Laemmli UK (1976) cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the bead of bactriophage. Nature 227: Mader M and Fussl R (1982) Role of peroxides in lignifications of tobacco cells II. Regulation by phenolic compounds. Plant Physiology 70: Mpiga P, Belanger RR, Paulitz TC and Bennamou N (1997) Increased resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in tomato plants treated with endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 50: Nandakumar R, Babu S, Viswanathan R, Raguchander T and Samiyappan R (2001) Induction of systemic resistance in rice against sheath blight disease by fluorescens Pseudomona. Soil Biology Biochemistry 33: Reuveni R (1995) Biochemical marker for disease resistance, In: Singh, R. P., Singh, U.S. (Eds), Molecular Methods in Plant Pathology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Pp Ritze M, Rudolph K, Schroder I, Hoffmann- Hergarten S, Hallmann J and Sikora RA (2000) Lipopolysaccharides of Rhizobium etli strain G12 act in potato roots as an inducing agent of systemic resistance to infection by the cyst nematode Globodera pallida Appl. Environ Microbiol 66: Rodriguez-Kabana JA and Mcinroy RW (1992) Rhizospher bacteria antagonistic to soya bean 160

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12 Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 11, No. 1, Spring 2009 Study on biological control and systemic induction of peroxidase enzyme activity in tomato plant infected with root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) by Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 antagonist S. Mokhtari *, N. Sahebani ** and H. R. Etebarian *** Abstract Biological control of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by application of Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 was evaluated under greenhouse condition. Results showed that P. fluorescens (10 9 CFUml -1 ) as shoot spray significantly reduced in No. of eggmass and egg per individual eggmass as comparison to control. Application P. fluorescens as shoot spray induced systemic activation of peroxidase (POX) enzyme in root. In this study, changes of POX activity showed no significantly differences between treated plants at one day after inoculation with nematode and control (nematode treated plant). But it was stimulated significantly after one day and reached to maximum at 5 th day after inoculation. So P. fluorescens CHA0 can induce plant defense mechanisms such as POX in tomato plant against nematode infection. Keywords: Biological control, Peroxidase, Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0, Root-knot nematode, Tomato * - M.Sc. Former Student, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran - Iran (E_mail: s_mokhtari1384@yahoo.com) ** - Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran - Iran ** - Professor, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran - Iran