Adrian Unc 1, Memorial University, Boreal Ecosystems Research Initiative-Agriculture. Memorial University, Grenfell Campus, Division of Science

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1 Adrian Unc 1, Lakshman Galagedara 1, Mumtaz Cheema 1, Mano Krishnapillai 2, Vanessa Kavanagh 3, Daniel Altdorff 1 1 Memorial University, Boreal Ecosystems Research Initiative-Agriculture 2 Memorial University, Grenfell Campus, Division of Science 3 Newfoundland and Labrador Forestry and Agrifoods Agency

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7 Awareness of current knowledge Literature survey

8 How does NL agricultural research relate to research in other jurisdictions? Keyword analysis Multidimensional scaling

9 How is NL research reflected into current global research? Keyword analysis only keywords identified for NL Multidimensional scaling

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11 Direct knowledge access Learning from current activities & expanding: - ARAC = Identification of critical industry needs - Nesting applied research within current agricultural activities - Expanding Provincial Agricultural research - Integrating Federal and Provincial research

12 Knowledge adaptation learning from others Who s farming under similar soil and climatic conditions?

13 Soils

14 Land Capability Classes for Agriculture Class 4: Soils in this class have severe limitations that restrict the range of crops or require special conservation practices Class 5: Soils in this class have very severe limitations that restrict their capability in producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are feasible.

15 Who s farming under similar soil and climatic conditions? Podzols

16 NZ Podzols

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18 3.1. Land is capable of producing a moderate range of crops with high yield of cereals and grass; potatoes and other vegetables are also grown 3.2. Land is capable of producing a moderate range of crops with an increasing trend towards grass within the rotation 3.3. Land is capable of producing a narrow range of crops; enterprises are based primarily on grassland with short arable breaks

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22 Caveat! Expansion of agricultural lands on podzols a NL unique scenario!

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28 Climate change spurring agricultural activities

29 Baseline (>5deg C)

30 Baseline (>5deg C)

31 C Warmer? Julian Day Corner Brook

32 C Warmer? Corner Brook Julian Day

33 C day -1 year MAX MIN MEAN Temperature Trends Deer Lake Month

34 MAX MIN MEAN Temperature Trends Deer Lake C day -1 year Month C day -1 year Month

35 MAX MIN MEAN Temperature Trends Deer Lake C day -1 year Month C day -1 year Month Month

36 mm month -1 year RAIN SNOW Precipitation Trends Deer Lake Month

37 mm month -1 year RAIN SNOW Precipitation Trends Deer Lake mm month -1 year Month Month

38 mm month -1 year RAIN SNOW Precipitation Trends Deer Lake mm month -1 year Month mm month -1 year Month Month

39 mm Wetter? Julian Day Corner Brook

40 mm Wetter? Julian Day Corner Brook

41 Change in growing degree days per year Change in growing degree days per year Deer Lake above_10c above_5c

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43 Knowledge transfer and new knowledge Crop system development requires an Integrated decision support system approach

44 Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer

45 Weather Data The minimum required weather data includes: Latitude and longitude of the weather station, Daily values of incoming solar radiation (MJ/m²-day), Maximum and minimum daily air temperature (ºC), and Daily total rainfall (mm). Soil Data Desired soil data includes soil classification (SCS), surface slope, color, permeability, and drainage class. Soil profile data by soil horizons include: upper and lower horizon depths (cm), percentage sand, silt, and clay content, 1/3 bar bulk density, organic carbon, ph in water, aluminum saturation, and root abundance information. Management and Experiment Data Management data includes information on planting date, dates when soil conditions were measured prior to planting, planting density, row spacing, planting depth, crop variety, irrigation, and fertilizer practices. These data are needed for both model evaluation and strategy analysis.

46 Side effects Managing externalities Environmental Services Environmental Quality Quality of Life

47 Crops and cropping systems

48 Who carries out Agricultural research?

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50 1. Recognize the unique challenges of NL agricultural development 2. Treat this as an opportunity to develop a unique NL research program with global implications

51 Network partnerships Province MUN CNA & Industry Federal government National and international collaborators Support the sustainable development of NL Agriculture, Develop and retain local skills while Manage financial limitations Understand and overcome through collaborations the limitations of the local research capabilities = Manage priorities (objectively) & Balance resources

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