MOLLY STEVENS Regeneration

Transcription

1 MOLLY STEVENS Regeneration

2 ABOUT ME When I was a student, the idea of taking a skin cell (outpatient procedure) and turning it into brain stem cell was an idea that would have been heresy. It s real today. If you asked me 5 years ago, 90% of the research I do now I wouldn t have predicted

3 ONCE UPON A TIME... Prometheus and the Eagle Greek Mythology

4 THE RANGE OF REGENERATIVE CAPACITY Every species is capable of regeneration, but mammals have more limited regenerative capacity compared to amphibians. A newt regenerating

5 Aging CLINICAL NEED Cardiovascular Digestive and Endocrine systems Urinary Skin Musculo-Skeletal Injury

6 IT S BEEN A LONG TIME COMING 600 AD Mayan culture Nacre teeth from shells 1893 Themistocles Gluck Endoprostheses Egypt 2000 BC Linen sutures Willem Kolff 1943 Artificial kidney

7 IT S BEEN A LONG TIME COMING 600 AD Mayan culture Nacre teeth from shells 1893 Themistocles Gluck Endoprostheses Egypt 2000 BC Linen sutures st blood transfusion 1840 Lane Full-body blood transfusion Willem Kolff 1943 Artificial kidney Organ transplant (kidney) First bone marrow transplant (1968) 1998 Human embryonic stem cells isolated 2010 Full face transplant 2002 Circe bioartificial liver completes Phase III clinical trials FDA approval not granted

8 IT S BEEN A LONG TIME COMING 600 AD Mayan culture Nacre teeth from shells 1893 Themistocles Gluck Endoprostheses Egypt 2000 BC Linen sutures st blood transfusion 1840 Lane Full-body blood transfusion Willem Kolff 1943 Artificial kidney Organ transplant (kidney) First bone marrow transplant (1968) Late 80s Tissue Engineering term coined 1970s Cells + biomaterials: artificial skin and biohybrid pancreas 2006 TE bladder 42% stem cell firms, coining of term Regenerative Medicine 2009 President Obama lifts funding research ban 2010 Full face transplant 2001 President Bush restricts funding for embryonic stemcell research 1998 Human embryonic stem cells isolated 2002 Circe bioartificial liver completes Phase III clinical trials FDA approval not granted

9 SUPER FUTURE?...NOT QUITE YET!

10 STEVENS LAB New biomaterials to heal the body New nanomaterials to detect disease

11 REGENERATIVE MEDICINE Stem cell approach Materials + Cells + Biologics

12 IN VIVO BIOREACTOR FOR BONE REGENERATION Engineering of hierarchically organised tissue at donor site in body Even simple materials can elicit powerful biological responses!

13 GROWING REPLACEMENT BONE WITHIN THE BODY Surgical formation of pocket for bone growth

14 ENERATING BONE USING THE BODY AS A BIOREACTOR Stevens et al, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2005 & report in Science 2005

15 MARKET PRODUCTS TODAY << EXPECTATIONS

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17 HUMAN BODY PARTS Grand Challenge 15 years ago: Reconstruction of a heart By 2022 but all we have to show for it today is a heart valve and patch still far from a replacement whole heart

18 PRINTING WHOLE ORGANS > 10 YEARS

19 REGEN-BEAUTY The promise The reality Scientists warn on 'rogue clinics' offering costly stem cell therapies By Clive Cookson in London Published: December :00 Stem cell scientists last night warned patients and doctors to beware of "rogue clinics" that are proliferating round the world, cashing in on publicity about stem cell research by offering unproved therapies at huge cost.

20 STEM CELLS FOR MEAT PRODUCTION The promise The reality There is research and progress, but today Frankenmeat is still only in the laboratories in a petri dish

21 STEM CELLS FOR VETERINARY The promise The reality A friend for life? Dolly the Sheep, National Museum of Scotland

22 RegenMed FOR THE FUTURE 2032 Today Off the shelf parts? Can regen-med cater for the whole body in the same way Pharma does today?