Update on tobacco budworm susceptibility and management of tomato spotted wilt virus.

Transcription

1 Managing key tobacco pests with Verimark and Coragen insect control: Update on tobacco budworm susceptibility and management of tomato spotted wilt virus. Hector E. Portillo 1, Robert W. Williams 1, Jeff H. Meredith 1, Dan Smith 1, Hannah Burrack 2, Gabriel Zilnik 2 and J. Michael Moore 3 1 FMC Corporation, Agricultural Solutions 2 North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC 3 University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 48 th Tobacco Workers Conference, Myrtle Beach, SC, January 2018 As of November 1, 2017, the USEPA registrations for DuPont Coragen and Verimark insect control and Steward EC insecticide have been -1- sold to FMC by DuPont.

2 The Discovery of Cyantraniliprole and Chlorantraniliprole Potent Activators of the Insect Ryanodine Receptor Outstanding Long Residual Lepidopteran Control Cl Me O N O NHMe NH N N Br Lower Log P Compounds NC Me O N O NHMe NH N N Br Broader Insect Spectrum With Improved Systemic Activity Cl Chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxypyr insect control) Cl Cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr insect control) -2- Lepidoptera Coleoptera Hemiptera Thrips

3 Coragen Insect Control Attributes Delivering Great Grower Value Coragen insect control is the first product labeled (2009) for Lepidoptera control via soil application as a transplant water treatment (TPW), delivering excellent control of tobacco budworm and tobacco hornworm larvae. Coragen insect control via TPW at 5-7 oz./a provides plant protection for 30 to 45 days, reducing the number of foliar applications of other insecticides needed for an equivalent length of control. Tobacco budworm An additional foliar spray application of Coragen insect control for tobacco budworm control may be used after topping if a different mode of action insecticide group is used between the transplant water and the foliar spray. Because of the value it provides, Coragen insect control has seen rapid adoption as an insect control practice in many tobacco growing areas around the globe over the last seven to eight years. Tobacco hornworm Understanding any changes in susceptibility of tobacco budworm to Coragen insect control is very important. -3- Tobacco splitworm

4 Rynaxypyr Technology: U.S. Resistance Monitoring of Tobacco Budworm 2016 and Source: Dr. Hannah Burrack and Gabriel Zilnik, NCSU, 2016 and 2017

5 Ingestion Bioassay Method to Monitor Susceptibility of Tobacco Budworm to Rynaxypyr Insect Control Rynaxypyr technology (Coragen insect control) is incorporated into insect artificial diet Third instar first generation larvae are individually placed into diet cells Insect mortality is assessed 96 hours postinoculation -5- UTC Rynaxypyr technology

6 The Goal is to Avoid Selecting for Individuals Responding as Shown on the Far Right (Theoretical Example) % MORTALITY 100 Before selection, rare genotypes Freq (RR) = DOSE (ppm)

7 %Mortality Rynaxypyr Technology: U.S. Resistance Monitoring of Tobacco Budworm 2016 and 2017 Tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa virescens Prog Rates(log-scale) 2016 US GA Tift Tifton Uga Research Station SOK US NC Granville Oxford Ncsu Research Statio SOK US NC Robeson --- Commercial Farm SOK US NC Wake Raleigh Lab SOK US NC --- Rocky Mount Rocky Mtn 623 SOK US NC --- Rocky Mount Rocky Mtn 703 SOK US NC Edgecombe Rocky Mount Rocky Mtn 622 SOK US NC Franklin Louisburg Nelms #9 SOK US NC Granville Oxford Oxford 725 SOK US NC Lenoir Kinston Kinston Coragen Trt SOK US NC Pitt Grifton Hwy 11 SOK US VA --- Blackstone Vt Arac SOK US VA Nottoway Blackstone Vt Arac Cor Trt SOK Source: Dr. Hannah Burrack and Gabriel Zilnik, NCSU, 2016 and 2017

8 Rynaxypyr Technology: U.S. Resistance Monitoring of Tobacco Budworm 2016 and 2017 Year of Collection/Test -8- Tobacco Budworm Population (Location) EC50 Resistance Ratio (EC50 Field/EC50 lab) 2016 Laboratory Tifton UGA Research Station Oxford, NC NCSU Research Station Blackstone, VA Rocky Mount, NC Blackstone, VA Grifton, NC Louisburg, NC Rocky Mount, NC Kinston, NC Rocky Mount, NC Robeson, NC Oxford, NC Source: Dr. Hannah Burrack and Gabriel Zilnik, NCSU, 2016 and 2017 The resistance ratio (RR), the ratio of dose required to kill field insects versus lab insects, is another measure of the level of resistance in a field population RR higher than 10 indicate an increase in resistance, but it may take much higher RR levels to see differences in field performance Results in 2016 and 2017 with TBW populations collected in NC, VA and GA indicate low levels of resistance to Rynaxypyr technology

9 % Reduction in Tobacco Budworm Incidence at Various Days After a Coragen Insect Control Transplant Water Application at 7 fl. oz./a in Tobacco N=1 N=1 N=2 N=2 N=1 N=1 N=1 N=7 N=1 N=4 N=1 N=4 N=2 N=2 N=2 N= DAT DAT DAT -9- Field efficacy results from 2009 to 2015 don t seem to show any changes in Coragen insect control efficacy As expected, efficacy is higher within the first days after the TWP application Test locations: Reidsville, NC (SOK ), Greenville, TN (SWL ), Pikeville, NC (SOK ), Florence SC (SOK ), Tifton, GA (SOH ), Florence SC (SOK ), Florence SC (SOK ), Greenville, TN (SWL ), Lexington, KY (MWB ), Kinston, NC (SOK )

10 Verimark insect control Powered by Cyazypyr technology Features at a Glance Novel mode of action providing rapid feeding cessation in the critical crop establishment phase Cross-spectrum control of chewing and sucking pests for superior protection against feeding damage and pest-vectored diseases The ideal choice at the beginning of a season-long IPM and IRM program for sustainable farming -10- Sustainable use thanks to an excellent environmental profile and convenient use from root systemicity

11 Reduction of Disease Transmission Verimark insect control stops insect-vector feeding quickly enough to reduce transmission of some plant diseases -11- List of insect-vectored pathogens studied to date that showed a decrease in disease incidence after treatment with Cyazypyr technology Pathogen Abbreviation Vector Crop Labeled Zebra Chip (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum ZC Potato psyllid Potatoes Yes (psyllaurous)) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus TYLCV Silverleaf whitefly Tomatoes Yes Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus TSWV Thrips Tomatoes, Peppers, Peanuts Yes Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder Virus CYSDV Whitefly Melons Yes Curly Top Disease BCTV Beet leafhopper Tomatoes Yes Source: DuPont, Global Development Database

12 Rapid Feeding Cessation Impact of Cyazypyr Technology on Thrips Thrips (adult and larvae) exposed to Cyazypyr technology via ingestion of treated plant material stop feeding quickly The ability of adult thrips to reproduce is also significantly reduced Effect on feeding is within hours of exposure; effect on reproduction is evident in the following thrips generation (five to seven days time from egg to larvae hatch); effects on adult or larvae mortality take one to five days -12- Onion thrips on Exirel insect control treated pepper leaves: insect gut lacks any visible content indicating insect has not been able to feed It may take a few hours to a day for the gut contents to clear Over time, thrips also become dehydrated, shrinking in size as shown in picture Onion thrips on untreated pepper leaves: dark contents in insect gut indicate insect has been feeding

13 Verimark insect control is effective through a variety of soil application systems Nursery Tray Spray Drench -13- Transplant Water Drench Float House Injection in Tobacco

14 Verimark Insect Control Alone or in Programs With Imidacloprid for Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Management Performance of Verimark Insect Control (Tray Drench) vs. Imidacloprid Alone (TD) or Verimark Insect Control (TD or Transplant Water Application) for the Management of Spotted Wilt Virus in Tobacco Evaluated in SC, GA and FL from 2010 to 2017 Mean % TSWV Reduction Vs. Untreated Mean % TSWV Incidence Reduction Vs Untreated in Tobacco n = 12 n = 6 n =16 Verimark insect 13.5 oz/a control TD Imidacloprid lb. ai/1000 TD TD Verimark insect 13.5 oz/a control + imidacloprid 13.5 oz./a lb 13.5 oz./a TD Imidacloprid 0.04 lb. ai/1000 (TPW or TD) ai/1000 (TPW or TD) -14- Spotted wilt virus is reduced by interfering with transmission by thrips vectors Source: DuPont field trials, analysis across locations, years and evaluation dates n = number of evaluations across trials used in the analysis Programs of Verimark insect control and imidacloprid improved TSWV suppression vs. each product alone

15 Verimark Insect Control Alone or in Programs With Imidacloprid for Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Management % Plants with TSWV/plot 28 DAT % Plants with TSWV/plot 49 DAT % Plants with TSWV/plot 64 DAT Untreated Untreated Imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb. ai/1000 plants Imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb ai/1000 plants Verimark insect control Verimark 13.5 fl oz/a 13.5 fl. oz./a TPW TPW Verimark insect control 13.5 fl. oz./a TD Verimark 13.5 fl oz/a TD Verimark insect control 13.5 fl. oz./a TDW + Imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb. ai/1000 plants Verimark 13.5 fl oz/a TPW + imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb ai/1000 plants Imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb. Imidacloprid TD 0.04 lb ai/1000 plants fb Imidacloprid ai/1000 plants 0.04 lb. fbai + imidacloprid Coragen insect 0.04 control lb ai + 7 Coragen fl. oz./a TPW 7 fl. Oz/A TPW Programs of Verimark insect control and imidacloprid improved TSWV suppression vs. each product alone Applying imidacloprid twice (TD and TPW) also provided good TSWV reduction -15- Source: Dr. J. Michael Moore, UGA, 2017

16 Verimark Insect Control for Flea Beetle Management Performance of Verimark insect control applied as tray drench (TD) or transplant water (TPW) treatment against flea beetles, evaluated in PA, NC, SC, KY, TN, GA and FL from 2008 to 2015 Mean % Flea Beetle Damage Control n=35 n=30 n=17 n=16 n=15 n=37 n=11 n=17 n=19 Verimark Verimark Verimark Verimark insect insect control 13.5 control oz/a TD 13.5 oz/a fl. oz./a TD 13.5 fl. oz./a fb Coragen TD fb TD Coragen 5-7 oz/a TPW insect control 5-7 oz./a TPW Verimark insect Verimark control 13.5 oz./a oz/a+ + imidacloprid Imidacloprid TD Verimark insect Verimark control 13.5 oz./a oz/a+ + imidacloprid Imidacloprid TD fb Coragen Coragen insect control 7 7 oz/a oz./a TPW Imidacloprid Imidacloprid oz. ai/a TDoz ai/a TD Imidacloprid Platinum imidacloprid oz. Platinum 0.9 insecticide ai/a TD oz fb ai/a oz oz. ai/a TD Coragen TD fb insect control Coragen 7 7 oz./a TPW oz/a TPW Coragen insect Coragen control 5 oz/a TPW 5 oz./a TPW Coragen insect control 7 oz./a TPW Coragen 7 oz/a TPW -16- Source: DuPont field trials, analysis across locations, years and evaluation dates n = number of evaluations across trials used in the analysis Verimark insect control at 13.5 oz./a TD provided effective, long lasting flea beetle control Programs of Verimark insect control and imidacloprid with or without Coragen insect control resulted in the best flea beetle protection

17 Verimark and Coragen Insect Control Programs for Tobacco Budworm Management Performance of Verimark and Coragen insect control applied as tray drench (TD) or transplant water (TPW) treatment against tobacco budworm, evaluated in NC, SC, KY, TN, GA and FL from 2008 to 2015 Mean % Tobacco Budworm Damage Reduction Vs Untreated DAT DAT DAT n=7 n=5 n=9 n=23 n=22 n=26 n=13 n=8 n=16 Verimark insect control Coragen insect control Verimark insect control Verimark 13.5 oz/a TD Coragen 7 oz/a TPW Verimark 13.5 oz/a TD fb Coragen 13.5 fl. oz./a TD 7 oz./a TPW 13.5 oz./a TD fb Coragen insect control 5 oz/a TPW 5 oz./a TPW -17- Source: DuPont field trials, analysis across locations, years and evaluation dates n = number of evaluations across trials used in the analysis Programs of Verimark insect control at 13.5 oz./a and Coragen insect control at 5 oz./a resulted in better protection against budworms vs. either one alone

18 Use Scenarios for Coragen and Verimark Insect Control and Imidacloprid in Tobacco Product Attribute Active Ingredient Coragen insect control Rynaxypyr technology Verimark insect control Cyazypyr technology Imidacloprid imidacloprid Verimark insect control and Imidacloprid Program Cyazypyr technology, imidacloprid Verimark insect control, Imidacloprid, Coragen insect control Cyazypyr and Rynaxypyr technology, imidacloprid IRAC MOA Group A A A Efficacy Rating level % % % - <50% Lepidoptera (Budworm, Hornworm) Residual Lepidoptera Control Flea beetle Thrips - ++*, ** ++*, ** ++*, ** ++*, ** Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus - +*, *** +*** ++*, *** ++*, *** Aphids - +*, *** Application Method -18- Transplant Water (TPW) Use rate 5-7 fl. oz./a fl. oz./a lb. ai/1,000 plants TPW or Tray Drench TPW or Tray Drench TPW or Tray Drench Tray drench fb TPW (Coragen insect control) Source: DuPont field trials, summary of multiple trials across geographies ( ) 13.5 fl. oz./a, lb. ai/1000 plants 13.5 fl. oz./a,5 fl. oz./a, lb. ai/1,000 plants * Not all are labeled in tobacco ** Data in crops other than tobacco *** Tobacco data, labeled via Section 3 or 2(ee)

19 Proposed Technical Position for Verimark and Coragen Insect Control When TSWV is a Concern in Flue Cured Tobacco -19- Verimark insect control TD Imidacloprid TD Coragen insect control 5 oz./a TPW No Group 28

20 What s Next? Under Evaluation Steward EC insecticide Fast, broad-spectrum control Unique mode of action (Group 22) Controls pyrethroid-resistant worms and offers a new mode of action to rotate with other foliar insecticides used in tobacco for worm control -20- Steward EC insecticide is not registered for sale or use on tobacco. No offer for sale, sale or use of this product on tobacco is permitted prior to the issuance of the required EPA and state registrations.

21 Summary Coragen insect control continues to be an effective tobacco budworm product, no evidence of decreased TBW sensitivity observed. Proper rotations with other MOA insecticides for budworm control should continue to maintain the effectiveness of Group 28 for budworm management in tobacco. Programs of Verimark insect control at 13.5 oz./a TD fb Coragen insect control at 5 oz./a TPW resulted in similar or better overall consistency and residual protection against budworms vs. either product alone. Verimark insect control TD at 13.5 oz./a provided the best protection against flea beetles. Programs including Verimark insect control and imidacloprid appeared to enhance the overall consistency and residual protection against flea beetles Programs including Verimark insect control and imidacloprid resulted in the overall best reduction in TSWV incidence as compared to the individual products.

22 -22- THANK YOU!

23 *FMC acquired one or more of the referenced studies from DuPont as of November 1, Capture LFR insecticide and Brigade 2EC insecticide/miticide are Restricted Use Pesticides. Always read and follow all label directions and precautions for use when using any pesticide alone or in tank-mix combinations. FMC, Aim, Brigade, Capture, Command, Coragen, Spartan, Steward and Verimark are trademarks of FMC Corporation or an affiliate. Platinum is a trademark of a Sygnenta Group Company FMC Corporation. All rights reserved. 1/18-23-