The marking period is, for the most part, 15 working days, otherwise it s the following date

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1 Biotechnology 15 ECTS Ladokcode: A113TG, A903TI The exam is given to: TGKEB15h ExamCode: Date of exam: 13 March, 2017 Time: 09:00-13:00 Means of assistance: Tillåtna hjälpmedel är lexikon. Dock EJ elektroniskt lexikon It is possible to use dictionary but not in electrical form Total amount of point on exam: 30 points Requirements for grading: Failed: < 18 points; Passed: 18 points Additional information: True or False questions: 1 point for each right answer, but ATTENTION!!! -1 point for the wrong answer!!! Multiply choice questions: 1 point for each right answer Development questions: You can give your answers either in English or in Swedish Next re-exam date: The marking period is, for the most part, 15 working days, otherwise it s the following date Important! Do not forget to write the ExamCode on each paper you hand in. Good Luck!

2 Examiner: Ilona Sárvári Horváth Phone number:

3 True or False questions: Mark the following sentences with true T, or false F on the short line after the sentence. If marked correctly: 1 point. If marked incorrectly: -1 point. If there is no mark: zero point. 1. Without microorganisms all higher life forms on earth would cease to exist. 2. The four macromolecules common to all cells are carbohydrates, proteins, sugars and nucleic acids. 3. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are distinguished based on the structure of their cytoplasmic membranes. 4. Peptidoglycan is only present in species of Archaea. 5. The breakdown of glucose to CO 2 and H 2 O by microorganisms in order to produce energy is an example of an anabolic reaction. 6. The nitrogenous bases found in DNA are A, U, C, and G. 1

4 Multiply choice questions: Mark the right alternative by drawing a small but obvious ring around the letter corresponding to your choice for each of the question. 1 point of each for correct answer. No negative points if not correct answer. Question 7 Regarding early life on Earth: a) Microbial life existed on Earth for billions of years before plant and animal life. b) Microbial life existed on Earth long before animals but has been around for about the same amount of time as plants. c) Microbial life, plant life, and animal life all appeared at about the same time. d) It is impossible to determine which type of life first appeared on Earth. Question 8 Which of the following are made up of prokaryotic cells? a) Archaea and fungi b) Bacteria and Archaea c) Protozoa and animals d) Bacteria and fungi Question 9 Paired chromosomes are found in the a) Eukarya. b) viruses c) Archaea d) Bacteria Question 10 In a given quantity of water molecules one will find a) neither covalent nor hydrogen bonds b) only hydrogen bonds. c) both covalent and hydrogen bonds. d) only covalent bonds. Question 11 Our ability to observe small objects if limited by: a) Magnification b) Resolution Question 12 The cytoplasmic membrane s functions include: a) Permeability barrier b) Protein anchor c) Energy conservation d) All of the above 2

5 Question 13 The breakdown of the β-(1, 4)-glycosidic bonds of peptidoglycan can be carried out by: a) Lysozyme b) Penicillin Question 14 Chemolitotrophs obtain energy from: a) Organic chemicals b) Inorganic chemicals organic and inorganic chemicals d) Light Question 15 In the absence of oxygen, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells will breakdown glucose to CO 2 and ethanol through: a) Respiration b) Fermentation c) Oxidative phosphorylation d) Krebs cycle Question 16 The growth stage where a microorganism doubles its cell number at a regular time interval is called: a) Lag phase b) Stationary Phase c) Exponential phase d) All of the above Question 17 The regulation of the concentration of a certain amino acid in the cell can be carried out through: a) Inhibition of the enzyme responsible for the first step of the production pathway by feedback inhibition b) Inhibition of expression of the genes that lead to the production of the enzymes needed for the pathway Question 18 Protein denaturation can be attained by varying: a) ph b) Temperature 3

6 Development questions 2 point of each for correct answer Question 19 Draw a general picture of a nucleotid. Question 20 Draw the formation of a peptide bond from 2 general amino acids at ph 7. Question 21 Which regular patterns construct the secondary structure in proteins? Question 22 Which amino acid can form covalent bond with its R-group? What is the name of the bond? Question 23 Give the names for two different physical methods which can be used for removal of microorganisms (microbial growth control)? Question 24 Distinguish a nonsense mutation from a silent mutation. 4