Genes found in the genome include protein-coding genes and non-coding RNA genes. Which nucleotide is not normally found in non-coding RNA genes?

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1 Midterm Q Genes found in the genome include protein-coding genes and non-coding RNA genes Which nucleotide is not normally found in non-coding RNA genes? G T 3 A 4 C 5 U 00% Midterm Q Which of the following is false concerning eukaryotic DNA replication? Okazaki fragments contain both RNA and DNA template is read 3' to 5' during DNA polymerization 3 leading-strand DNA polymerization does not require a primer 00% 4 each replication bubble is composed of two replication forks 5 two of the above

2 3 Midterm Q3 Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms can remove chemical adducts that distort the normal shape of DNA? nucleotide excision repair 00% error-prone double-strand DNA repair 3 base excision repair 4 double-strand DNA repair by homologous recombination 5 mismatch excision repair 4 Midterm Q4 In addition to a DNA polymerase activity, DNA polymerase alpha has which other enzymatic activity? endonuclease RNA polymerase 3 3 to 5 exonuclease 4 5 to 3 exonuclease

3 5 none of the above 00% 5 Midterm Q5 Acetylated, phosphorylated, methylated and ubiquinated amino-acids of protruding histone tails from the nucleosome protein core are formed posttranslationally 00% are directly incorporated during translation 3 are directly incorporated during transcription 4 are formed posttranscriptionally 5 have no effect on the regulation of chromatin structure 6 Midterm Q6 The function of polypeptides are defined by the presence of domains Which of the following is true concerning domains? stabilized by long-range interactions

4 can contain motifs of secondary structure 3 can contain betasheets 4 similar domains can be found in different polypeptides 5 all of the above 00% 7 Midterm Q7 Which of the following is false concerning DNA denaturation? is important in dideoxy DNA sequencing occurs more readily in AT-rich regions 3 is important in PCR 4 involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds between bases in base pairs 5 is irreversible 00% 8 Midterm Q8

5 SINEs are derived from non-coding RNA genes 00% LINEs 3 simple sequence repeats 4 nucleosomes 5 protein-coding genes 9 Midterm Q9 Which of the following is the initial primer used during reverse transcription as part of LTRretrotransposon mobility? DNA transposons oligonucleotides produced by primase 3 rrna 4 trna 00% 5 oligonucleotides produced by DNA polymerase alpha 0 Midterm Q0

6 In eukaryotes, most actively transcribed genes are found in heterochromatin transposon-rich regions 3 simple-sequence repeats 4 euchromatin 00% 5 SARs and MARs Midterm Q The control region (ie, promoter) of retroviral protein-coded genes is located in the PBS in the U5 region of LTRs 3 between the LTRs 4 in the U3 region of LTRs 00% 5 in the R region of LTRs Midterm Q Which of the following are wobble base pairs that occur during translation?

7 G-U C-I 3 A-I 4 U-I 5 all of the above 00% 3 Midterm Q3 DNA- and RNA-binding proteins usually contain which of the following? zinc-finger motif 00% helix-loop-helix motif 3 coiled-coil motif 4 all of the above 5 none of the above 4 Midterm Q4 How many products will be produced in the following DNA sequencing reaction? Reaction tube contains DNA polymerase, dntps (00 mm), ddatp ( mm), primer (see below) and template (see below) NOTE: the concentration of DNA polymerase, primer and template are NOT rate limiting Primer = 5 -CTTGGCTACTGCC-3

8 Template = 5 -TTTCGGAAGCAATGGACTAAGGCAGTAGCCAAGCTGCT % Midterm Q5 The base excision repair of base pairs formed between G and deaminated methyl-c involves specific DNA glycosylases that hydrolyze the covalent bonds between G and U bases and the sugar-phosphate backbones a specific apyrimidinic endonuclease that hydrolyze the covalent bonds between G and T bases and the sugar-phosphate backbones 3 a specific DNA glycosylase that hydrolyzes the 00%

9 covalent bond between a T base and the sugarphosphate backbone 4 a specific DNA glycosylase that hydrolyzes the covalent bond between a G base and the sugarphosphate backbone 5 a specific apurinic endonuclease that hydrolyze the covalent bonds between G and T bases and the sugar-phosphate backbones 6 Midterm Q6 In a criminal case involving an assault of a teenager, blood found at the crime scene had an exact DNA barcode (from CO) sequence as a suspect under arrest This means that the suspect was definitely not at the scene of the crime not much as DNA barcoding is the wrong tool for this investigation However, the result does imply 00%

10 that the blood at the scene is human 3 that the suspect and the victim are definitely the same person 4 that the suspect and victim are definitely cousins 5 that the suspect was at the scene of the crime 7 Midterm Q7 Which enzyme is responsible for the integration, ie "paste", of DNA transposons? integrase LINE ORF 3 RNA polymerase 4 transposase 00% 5 reverse transcriptase 8 Midterm Q8 During normal DNA replication, which is true concerning the rate of DNA polymerization by the pol delta/rfc/pcna complexes at the replication fork?

11 lagging strand DNA synthesis is slower than leading strand DNA synthesis lagging strand DNA synthesis is faster than leading strand DNA synthesis 3 lagging strand DNA synthesis proceeds at the same rate as leading strand DNA synthesis 4 the rate of both leading strand and lagging DNA synthesis is limited by DNA helicase 5 two of the above 00% 9 Midterm Q9 Using the codon usage table below, which codon(s) can base pair with the anticodon 5 -IGG- 3? SER LYS

12 3 ALA 4 PRO 00% 5 LEU 0 Midterm Q0 Through the action of reverse transcriptase, the proviral or DNA form the retroviral genome is formed In step 5 (see diagram), a short piece of RNA (large red arrow) persists long enough to act as a primer This is because the sequence is more difficult to degrade by ribonuclease (RNase) 00% the sequence corresponds to a trna sequence 3 the sequence corresponds to a region within the LTR 4 the sequence is protected by integrase 5 the sequence is protected by reverse transcriptase Midterm Q v

13 The terminal sequences (that is, at the very ends) of DNA transposons are composed of direct repeats SINEs 3 inverted repeats 00% 4 LTRs 5 integrase Midterm Q Both standard PCR and in vivo DNA replication involve RNA polymerase integrase 3 primer(s) 00% 4 ribonucleotides (rntps) 5 DNA ligase 3 Midterm Q3 Which is true for microsatellites? repeat units are

14 approx 4 to 00 bp in length arrays are composed of tandem repeat units 3 expansion of repeat units can occur by backward slippage during DNA replication 4 are often found in telomeres and centromeres 5 two of the above 00% 4 Midterm Q4 Organellar genomes have no genes are typically larger than eukaryotic nuclear genomes 3 were originally derived from an endosymbiont 00% 4 have only pseudogenes 5 contain genes the resemble the structure of

15 typical eukaryotic nuclear genes (eg, have introns) 5 Midterm Q5 Which of the following are features of complex transcription units? have control regions can have introns 3 have exons 4 diversity of mrna transcripts increased through alternative splicing 5 all of the above 00%

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