Imperial College London Key Research Themes for NBIT and FP7

Transcription

1 Imperial College London Key Research Themes for NBIT and FP7 Professor Richard I Kitney Imperial College

2 Research Systems and Software Solutions Advanced Information Systems (eg CISs) Systems Analysis and Modelling Home based Telecare Wireless Technology

3 Prototype Home Clinical Workstation

4 Web-based Home Telecare System Blood Oximetry Blood Pressure Heart Rate Lung Function Home Clinical Workstation Software Body Temperature Weight Ambulatory. Medication Management HOME PC DATA SERVER Monitor. Patient Daily Log THE INTERNET Health Questionnaire GP WORKSTATION Health Education

5 Physiological Monitoring on the Move Transducers and Data Loggers embedded into Clothing

6 Information and Communications Technology Web-based Information Systems

7 Today s s Advanced Medical Information Systems

8 The Technology Application Software

9 Web-based based Electronic Patient Records

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11 Web-based based Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS)

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16 Image Viewer Pan function

17 Image Viewer Window/Level function

18 Some conventionally acquired images

19 Some direct DICOM Images

20 The Molecular Biology Revolution

21 April 25 th 1953

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23 We stand at the dawn of a new understanding of disease Nature 409, (2001) Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence. The dawn of molecular based medicine

24 The Double Helix Model Watson and Crick Nature 25 th April 1953 Scanning Tunnelling Micrograph

25 2001 and beyond. The dawn of the New Medicine

26 Bases of the New Medicine

27 The Biological Continuum Systems Viscera Tissue Cells Proteins Genes

28 Bases of the New Medicine Visualisation and Imaging at Different Levels of the Biological Continuum

29 Advanced Imaging Technology (different techniques for the different levels) MRI, PET deconvolution light microscopy Cryo electron microscopy NMR, x-rays AFM resolution and size scale 1 nm 1 µm 1 mm 1 m molecules protein machines organelles cells tissues, organs, organisms After Paul Matsudaira

30 Some Examples

31 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (The Biological Continuum Tissue) MRI, PET deconvolution light microscopy Cryo electron microscopy NMR, x-rays AFM resolution and size scale 1 nm 1 µm 1 mm 1 m molecules protein machines organelles cells tissues, organs, organisms

32 Imaging Bone and Articular Cartilage Damage PD Sequence for Bone SPGR Sequence for Articular Cartilage

33 Cashman and Kitney. IEEE Trans on Nanobioscience. March 2002 pp 42-51

34 Cryo-EM Tomographic Imaging (The Biological Continuum Cells) MRI, PET deconvolution light microscopy Cryo electron microscopy NMR, x-rays AFM resolution and size scale 1 nm 1 µm 1 mm 1 m molecules protein machines organelles cells tissues, organs, organisms

35 A Peripheral Region of a Dictyostelium Cell Analysed by Cryo-ET Successive tomographic slices 60 nm thickness Conventional EM micrograph Surface rendered volume

36 Surface Rendering of the Tomogram Volume 815 nm x 870 nm x 97 nm Pseudo colours: Actin filaments red; other macromolecular complexes (mostly ribosomes) green; membranes -blue

37 High magnification image of kink like End binding of the Actin filaments to the structures close to the filament-membrane plasma membrane interaction sites

38 Bases of the New Medicine Omics Data

39 The Biological Continuum: supporting the molecular medicine revolution BODY SYSTEMS VISCERA TISSUES MRI ECG Patient X CT Today s epatient Record

40 What are the next steps?

41 The Biological Continuum: supporting the molecular medicine revolution BODY SYSTEMS ORGANS TISSUES CELLS MRI ECG Patient X CT cellular MOLECULES GENES molecular genetic Tomorrow s epatient Record

42 Advanced Web-based Information Systems User Input User Input Systems Visera Tissue Cells Proteins Genes Display Interface Visualsation 1 Interface... Display Interface Model 1 Interface Interface Visualisation 2 Interface Interface Model 2 Interface... Interface Interface... Database... Database

43 Data Input The Biological Continuum DICOM Data Systems Data e.g., CT, MRI, US Standards Converter Viscera Tissue Data e.g., Confocal Microscopy Standards Converter Cells Visualisation Proteins Genes

44 DICOM Data Data Input The Biological Continuum Systems Level Interface Data e.g., CT, MRI, US Standards Converter Viscera Tissue Data e.g., Confocal Microscopy Standards Converter Cells Visualisation Proteins Genes

45 3-D Volume 2-D Image 3-D to 2-D Slice Number 1 mm Angle Visceral Level 2-D Image Tissue Level 0.1 mm

46 WearMap Window Image Window Navigation Controls

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48 Bases of the New Medicine Modelling

49 Advanced Web-based Information Systems User Input User Input Systems Visera Tissue Cells Proteins Genes Display Interface Visualsation 1 Interface... Display Interface Model 1 Interface Interface Visualisation 2 Interface Interface Model 2 Interface... Interface Interface... Database... Database

50 Systems Biology Systems Visera Tissue Cells Proteins Genes

51 Part of a Simulation of the Blood Pressure Control System Brain Stem Heart and Vascular Sympathetic Modulation SA Node Seydnejad and Kitney. IEEE Eng in Med and Biol. Vol 20, No.2, pp92-101

52 Actual and Predicted BPV for Two Subjects

53 Multi-scale Modelling Population emergent properties due to interactive cell-agents Population behaviour Cell-Agent within a diffusive environment uptake death migration Petri Nets gene expression modelling secretion division differentiation Network dynamic

54 Explosion of Omics Data: Biology as a high throughput science microarrays Flow cytometry Gel electrophoresis Daily lab outputs And more: -PCR -Spectrometry -Microscopy -

55 Explosion of Omics Data: Biology as a high throughput science microarrays Data often not stored or difficult to retrieve Flow cytometry Gel electrophoresis Daily lab outputs And more: -PCR -Spectrometry -Microscopy -

56 Standards Development DICOM HL7 SNOMED A new XML standard New healthcare oriented Operating Systems Semantic web

57 Achievements with DICOM MODALITY Mac/Win SERVER DICOM CONNECTIVITY MODALITY MODALITY Inter Connectivity Inter Operability Archiving Information System Archiving System Printer All what Omics data needs

58 Standardisation efforts in relation to biological data Gel Electrophoresis Western Blot 1D Gel 2D Gel...HUPo Flow Cytometry / FACS.. CytometryML Microarray Experiments BASE, MAGE-OM Mass Spectrometry....HUPo Microscope Images....OME Complete In progress Preliminary

59 The Biological Continuum Systems Viscera Tissue Cells Proteins Genes

60 Standards Converter System Visceral Protein Model Gene Sequence Images Tissue Cell Protein TIFF JPEG DICOM/ DICOM + XML XDICOM O/P JPEG2000 Tissue Cell Protein Meta Data Genes

61 Biological Continuum Body Modalities Repositories Ontologies Body Ontology Systems ECG DICOM System Ontology Organs Tissues Cells Molecules Genes MRI US CT microscopy Cytometry NMR CryoEM microarrays OME HMDB Swiss-Prot PDB MIAME GenBank Organ Ontology Tissue Ontology Cell Ontology Molecular Ontologies Gene Ontology

62 The Fit with FP7 Challenge 5: Towards sustainable and personalised healthcare Objective ICT : Personal Health Systems for Monitoring and Point-of-Care Diagnostics Objective ICT : Advanced ICT for Risk Assessment and Patient Safety Objective ICT : Virtual Physiological Human

63 The End