Sustainable Nanotechnology (and Other Emerging Technologies)

Transcription

1 Sustainable Nanotechnology (and Other Emerging Technologies) Tim Harper Cientifica Ltd / Envision ALR 1 1

2 Sustainable Nanotechnology (and Other Emerging Technologies) Tim Harper Cientifica Ltd / Envision ALR 1 1

3 Tim Harper Engineer at European Space Agency Serial Entrepreneur Founder of European NanoBusiness Association Chair / Chief Advisor of Several National Funding Bodies World Economic Forum Emerging Technologies Council President, Nanotechnologies at Envision ALR 2 2

4 We Wrote The Book on Nano in 2002 The Nanotechnology Opportunity Report is a breakthrough - it is the first complete report of the state of our field -Meyya Meyyappan director of the Center for Nanotechnology at NASA Ames, March

5 And Rewrote It In 2008 "Almost a billion dollars of investors cash has been poured down the drain by investors who did not understand the crucial difference between a science project and a successful company, egged on by a plethora of nanotech experts, while large corporations have laughed all the way to the bank 4 4

6 Envision ALR Envision A Living Revolution ( Envision ) was launched in 2006 with the vision of becoming a leading integrated operating company in the markets of Healthcare Energy Green Chemicals & Materials Water 5

7 Envision ALR Envision builds strategic and profitable positions in these markets by acquiring & commercialising underexploited technology platforms in the scientific fields of: Regenerative Medicine Nanotechnology Industrial Biotechnology Envision employs an integrated operating model and full life-cycle funding approach allowing it to drive commercialization from the point of technology acquisition all the way through manufacturing and marketing Envision develops products that can be marketed under Envision s own brand, or marketed by partners, under their own brands 6

8 Sustainable Technologies - From A Passive To An Active Role 7 7

9 5000 Years of Science 8 8

10 5000 Years of Science Humans have 8 8

11 5000 Years of Science Humans have Been observing the world for 5000 years 8 8

12 5000 Years of Science Humans have Been observing the world for 5000 years Significantly changing it for 100 years 8 8

13 5000 Years of Science Humans have Been observing the world for 5000 years Significantly changing it for 100 years Understanding our actions for 20 years 8 8

14 How Do We Use Technology For Good? 9 9

15 Control Over Materials Materials Have Always Been Vital to Humanity Clothing, Heating, hunting tools Coal, iron, oil, copper Semiconductors Satellites 10 10

16 Materials Have Shaped Our Culture 10,000 BC 1000 BC s Stone & Wood Iron Cement Steel Polymers Composites Nanotechnology Synthetic Biology Adapted from Herrmann, W. Chem. Eng. Technol. 21(7), 549 (1998) 11 11

17 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

18 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

19 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

20 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

21 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

22 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Control 12 12

23 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Semiconductors Control 12 12

24 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Biotechnology Semiconductors Control 12 12

25 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Nanotechnologies Biotechnology Semiconductors Control 12 12

26 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Nanotechnologies Biotechnology Semiconductors Synthetic Biology Control 12 12

27 Science Enables New Technologies Complexity Nanotechnologies Biotechnology Semiconductors Synthetic Biology Geoengineering? Control 12 12

28 With This 13 13

29 And This 14 14

30 And This 15 15

31 16 16

32 And Even This 17 17

33 Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of Things 18 18

34 Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of Things Materials Metals Semiconductors Food Processing Passive 18 18

35 Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of Things Materials Things Metals Semiconductors Food Processing Passive 18 Crops Cells The Planet? Active 18

36 Resources Are Getting Scarcer Global competition for resources Demand driven by increasing and increasingly affluent population Some resources are almost exhausted 19 19

37 Scarce Resources Metal Indium Antinomy Platinum Hafnium Tantalum Uranium Remaining Supply* 5-10 years years 15 years 10 years years years Armin Reller, U. Augsburg, Tom Graedel, Yale * Pre Global Economic Crisis 20 20

38 The Rare Earth Global demand for rare earths has tripled from 40,000 tonnes to 120,000 tonnes over the past 10 years China now controls 97% of the global supply of 17 rare earths 25% of new green technologies rely on minor metals and rare earths 21 21

39 A Fuel Efficient Resource Hog Each electric Prius motor requires 1 Kg of neodymium Each battery uses 10 to 15 kg of lanthanum 22 22

40 Uses of Indium Global Market for Transparent Conductors Touch Screens, & other electronics $3.0B $2.5B Solar Cells $2.0B $1.5B $1.0B LCD Displays $0.5B

41 He Could Be Right! Rare earths are to China as oil is to the Middle East - Deng Xiaoping (1992) 24 24

42 What Can We Do? 25 25

43 We Have The Tools 26 26

44 How To Use Them? 27 27

45 Using Emerging Technologies Emerging technologies are critical to long-term global prosperity Innovative technologies do not conform to conventional technology development paradigms Effective policies for nurturing and employing emerging technologies are largely absent or poorly formed in government, industry and other stakeholder organisations 28 28

46 Understanding Nature 29 29

47 A Top Down Approach 30 30

48 A Bottom Up Approach 31 31

49 By Copying This Trick Reducing friction between container ships hull & water could Save 1% of global oil consumption or 850,000 barrels per day 32 32

50 An Old Trick For Textiles 33 33

51 3 Emerging Technologies 34 34

52 3 Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology 34 34

53 3 Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Synthetic Biology 34 34

54 3 Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Synthetic Biology Geoengineering 34 34

55 35 35

56 Nanotech Already In Use 36 36

57 Nanotech Already In Use Composite Materials Conducting Polymers Thin Film Photovoltaics 36 36

58 Nanotech Already In Household Cleaners Use Sporting Equipment Insulation Food Displays Drug Delivery Sunscreen Paints Cosmetics Lighting Water Treatment Construction Filtration Anti Corrosion Data Storage Textiles Coatings Computer Memory Catalysis Tissue Engineering 36 36

59 Nanotech Already In Use 36 36

60 Composite Applications Automotive body parts Packaging Conducting polymers Aerospace composites & coatings 37 37

61 Nanocomposite Materials Polymer + nanoparticle, nanofibre or clay Increases strength & rigidity Lowers weight Much of value is in the formulation rather than the filler 38 38

62 Nanocomposite Materials Polymer + nanoparticle, nanofibre or clay Increases strength & rigidity Lowers weight Much of value is in the formulation rather than the filler Abalone Shell - Nanoscale Engineering 38 38

63 Nanocomposite Use In Automotive Industry Conducting composites for better paintability Moulding cycle time reduction Improved mechanical properties High scratch resistance paints 39 39

64 Replacing Indium With Conductive Inks Demand Drivers Rising demand for touch screens and flat panel displays Increasing use of thin film solar panels Solar applications and displays require better materials than Indium Tin Oxide Global supply of Indium is limited 40 40

65 Conducting Polymers at Envision 41 41

66 42 42

67 ilab 43 43

68 A Paradigm Shift in Medical Diagnostics Broad range of Point-of-Care applications Complete blood profiling HIV/STD testing Infectious diseases Molecular Diagnostics: Cancer diagnostics Animal health Cardiovascular diseases 44 44

69 Nanosolar 45 45

70 Nanosolar 45 45

71 market volume (Billion $) Silicon semiconductors Printed semiconductors Market forecast SIA, IDTechEx

72 market volume (Billion $) Silicon semiconductors Printed semiconductors Market forecast SIA, IDTechEx

73 No Quick Returns? It will take ten to twenty years for new sources for renewables to become competitive with existing sources Market forces will drive up the cost of dwindling resources in the meantime Current investment levels in renewables have priced many investors out of the market 47 47

74 It Takes $1Bn To Get In The Solar Game Konarka Technologies burned through over $100 million in VC funding Nanosolar has raised $295 million to date Realistic opportunities are enabled by organic solar, not producing solar 48 48

75 The Rise Of Biotech 49 Source: Rob Carlson synthesis.cc 49

76 Synthetic Biology Longest Published DNA Sequence 50 Source: Rob Carlson synthesis.cc 50

77 A Lot Like Moore s Law 51 51

78 Not Just Biofuels Converting waste products into feedstock Wheat & Rice Straw to Sugars Sugars to Glycol Glycol to Bioplastics 52 52

79 Reducing Our Dependence On This 53 53

80 Cleaning Up The Mess 54

81 Geoengineering - Could We? Should We? 55 55

82 Geoengineering - Could We? Should We? There are no current proposals that have clear validity at the moment, but I think we are faced with such an enormous problem that we need to do all the research we can to see if there are any geo-engineering proposals that work through to the marketplace - Sir David King, former UK Chief Scientist 55 55

83 56 56

84 Should We Do It? 57 57

85 Should We Do It? Not if we can help it - but we do need a Plan B 57 57

86 What We Need Sector Need Solution Food Energy Climate Disease Improve Yields Address Malnutrition Reduce Consumption Generate Clean energy Alternative Fuels Make Better Use of What We Have Earlier & Cheaper Detection Effective Treatment GM Crops Golden Rice Composites Photovoltaics Wind/ Tidal Industrial Biotech Synthetic Biology Nanomaterials Synthetic Biology Targeted Nanoparticle Drug Delivery 58 58

87 Can We Do It? 59 59

88 Can We Do It? Well

89 Can We Do It? Well... The innovation process is inefficient 59 59

90 Can We Do It? Well... The innovation process is inefficient Capital for Emerging Technologies is Poorly Educated 59 59

91 Can We Do It? Well... The innovation process is inefficient Capital for Emerging Technologies is Poorly Educated Governments Lack Foresight 59 59

92 Inefficient Innovation 60 60

93 Inefficient Innovation To get there we need 60 60

94 Inefficient Innovation To get there we need Scientists to realise commercial potential 60 60

95 Inefficient Innovation To get there we need Scientists to realise commercial potential Investor to both get it and have liquidity 60 60

96 Inefficient Innovation To get there we need Scientists to realise commercial potential Investor to both get it and have liquidity Quality management to take it to market 60 60

97 Inefficient Innovation To get there we need Scientists to realise commercial potential Investor to both get it and have liquidity Quality management to take it to market Market pull rather than technology push 60 60

98 The Capital Gap VC investments are highly concentrated 6 of 17 industries receive >73% of investment Me too company investments are common Sectors are selected with inexperience Example: $ Billions invested into biofuels Investments have unrealistic expectations > $100 MM in annual revenue targets Ignoring advances and foundation technologies 61 61

99 Government Foresight Huge pressure on finances Hard to second guess the market Governments have a poor record of picking winners 62 62

100 In The End

101 In The End... Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years 63 63

102 In The End... Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years It can create and clear up problems (e.g Ozone layer depletion) 63 63

103 In The End... Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years It can create and clear up problems (e.g Ozone layer depletion) It is human nature to innovate 63 63

104 Conclusions 64 64

105 Conclusions Nanotechnologies and biosciences will be as important to the 21st Century as oil, polymers and semiconductors were to the 20th Century 64 64

106 Conclusions Nanotechnologies and biosciences will be as important to the 21st Century as oil, polymers and semiconductors were to the 20th Century We have the tools, lets use them wisely 64 64

107 @tim_harper 65