CDM projects development activities in India. Vivek Kumar TERI 26 July 2005

Transcription

1 CDM projects development activities in India Vivek Kumar TERI 26 July 2005

2 What is CDM? One of the three flexibility mechanisms in the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC Purpose Joint Implementation International Emission Trading Clean Development Mechanism Assist developing countries in achieving sustainable development Contribute to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and Assist developed countries in achieving compliance with their QELRCs

3 The UNFCCC Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system Such a level should be achieved within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to CC to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner

4 The Kyoto Protocol Adopted at CoP3 in Kyoto, Japan, in Dec Provides legally binding commitments for ICs to return their GHG emissions to an average of approx. 5.2% per cent below their 1990 levels during the Target gases CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, HFCs, PFCs, SF 6

5 Reduction commitments Countries USA UK Canada EC Germany Japan Netherlands QELRCs Percentage of base year or period

6 Status of Kyoto Ratification Percentage contribution to the total carbon dioxide emissions of Annex I Parties in 1990 Countries USA %age 36.1 Status --- Russia Japan Germany UK Canada Italy Poland Ratified Nov 2004 Accepted 06/02 Ratified 05/02 Ratified 05/02 Ratified 12/02 Ratified 05/02 Ratified 12/02

7 Kyoto Protocol mechanisms Annex I countries Clean development mechanism Emissions trading Joint implementation Domestic actions Present day 2012 (bau) 2012 (KP)

8 Value of all transactions in the carbon market in 2004 is estimated to be 360 million Euros (Point Carbon) Source: WB CF Assist

9 Source: WB CF Assist

10 Source: WB CF Assist

11 CDM project cycle + Stakeholder comments Source: UNFCCC

12 PD NCDMA OE EB CDM Project Cycle PIN/PCN & PDD Host country approval Validation Registration Baseline M&V Plan EIA St. Consul Contracts Participation EIA Baseline & ER M&V Plan PD PD OE Financing & Implementation Monitoring Verification & Certification On-site Inspection Review Monitoring GHG Reductions Verification Report Issuance EB

13 CDM project and methodology approval process Emission reduction from a CDM project activity Large scale CDM Small scale CDM Approved Consolidated Methodologies Approved Methodologies New Methodologies Simplified methodologies PDD EB approved methodology SSC-PDD Validation Registration

14 HCA approval process NCA proposes to meet once a month Submission of PCN & PDD by the project proponent to NCA Desk Review of documents by NCA Presentation by project proponent during the NCA meeting Clarification/additional information by the project proponent, if required by NCA at the NCA meeting NCA Composition Chairperson: Secretary, MoEF Members (or his nominee) Foreign Secretary Finance Secretary Secretary, Industrial Policy and Promotion Secretary, Ministry of Non- Conventional Energy Sources Secretary, Ministry of Power Secretary, Planning Commission Joint Secretary (Climate Change), MoEF Member Secretary Director (Climate Change), MoEF State CDM Cells in MP, AP & WB Approval letter issued The complete process takes about 60 days

15 India s CDM potential Seen as one of the key players for sale of CERs Potential for Mitigation - Industrial - Energy sector -Other Sequestration - Afforestation and reforestation activities Potential is very large but linked to Demand and Frameworks and institutional support

16 Potential for CDM in India GHG emissions (MtCO 2 ) Natcom (1994) TERI Potential for CDM in non-co 2 GHG emitting sectors HFCs N 2 O 100 CH 4 0 Energy and transformation industries Industries Transport Commercial- Institutional Residential Dominance of smallscale projects

17 PINs received in NSS call Transport, 2 Fuel Sw itch, 4 Fig 5.1 Industrial w aste to NSS PINs : Percentage distribution of sectoral annual generat use, 1 Agriculture, of CERS 1 Building Sector, 2 Waste to Energy, 11 Renew able Energy, 26 3% 1% 1% Energy Efficiency, 17 Pow er Sector, 4 21% 10% 5% 0% 59% Power Renewable energy Waste to energy Fuel switch Energy efficiency Transport Industrial waste to use Building

18 Methodology approval status CDM EB Approved methodologies - 23 Approved consolidated methodologies - 4 Sectors covered Energy industries Energy demand Manufacturing industries Chemical industries Transport - (one small scale project) Fugitive emissions from fuels (solid, oil and gas) Fugitive emissions halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride Waste handling and disposal Agriculture

19 Methodology approval status CDM EB Methodologies required for following sectors Energy distribution Construction Mining/mineral production Metal production Solvent use Afforestation and reforestation

20 Methodologies/projects from India 91 projects approved by NCA, India 25 methodologies submitted from India Number of approved methodologies 4 Biomass cogeneration Biomethanitation of MSW Steam optimization system Water pumping efficiency improvements

21 Registered projects 12 projects in total Small hydro -5 Fuel switch Wind Landfill gas - 2 Biomass to energy HFC decomposition 2

22 Thank you