Case Study: U.S. Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program, Collecting, Verifying and Publishing Enterprise-Level GHG Data

Transcription

1 Case Study: U.S. Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program, Collecting, Verifying and Publishing Enterprise-Level GHG Data World Bank Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR) Data Management Workshop October 21 st, 2012 Sydney Kong Chiu U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

2 Overview Introduction to US GHGRP National Inventory vs. Facility Reporting Regulatory Process Programmatic Requirements Data Collection and Management RY2010 Data Results Costs

3 Introduction to US GHG Reporting Program Annual mandatory reporting of GHG by: Rule covers 41 source categories for reporting, accounting for 85-90% of total U.S. GHG emissions: 33 types of direct emitters 6 types of suppliers of fuel and industrial GHG Facilities that inject CO2 underground for geologic sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, or any other purpose. Direct reporting to EPA electronically EPA verification of emissions data Monitoring began in 2010 for most emission sources with first reports submitted to EPA in September,

4 GHG Inventory, GHG Reporting Program The U.S. GHG Inventory is a comprehensive top-down assessment of national GHG emissions and removals which presents emissions across multiple years starting in U.S. GHG emissions calculated using internationally-accepted methods and nationally appropriate statistics Emissions estimates not provided at the geographic or facility level Includes small industrial emitters, residential and commercial sectors Includes agriculture and land-use/forestry sectors When compared in aggregate, some of the summary emissions totals for specific industries appear different in the Inventory and GHGRP. Different Source Category Definitions Reporting Threshold Lack of Disaggregated Data to Represent Certain Industries Use of Continuous Emissions Monitoring Technologies Differences in use of Default International Factors from Facility-Specific Methods 4

5 Regulatory Process 5

6 Regulatory Process US Congress Passes US President Signs US EPA Develops Regulations Clean Air Act (1963, 1970, 1977, 1990) Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule Administrative Procedures Act 6

7 Regulatory Timeline, Stakeholder Outreach 26 December, 2007: Appropriations Act January, 2008: Rule Development 10 April, 2009: Proposed Rule 10 April 9 June, 2009: Notice & Comment Period 6 April and 16 April, 2009: Public Hearings 30 October, 2009: Final Rule 1 January, 2010: First reporting year begins 30 September, 2011: First data collected Stakeholder Engagement

8 Programmatic Requirements 8

9 Programmatic Requirements All-In Category: Any source category listed under Table A-3 of rule, including: Adipic Acid, Aluminum, Cement, Lime, EGUs (Part 75), Petroleum Refineries etc Threshold Category: Any facility that emits 25,000 metric tons CO2e or more per year from: All applicable source categories (Table A-4) at single facility (i.e Ferroalloy production, Glass production, Iron & Steel etc ) Stationary fuel combustion units Miscellaneous use of carbonates Suppliers: Any supplier listed under A-5, including: Petroleum products, Coal- Based Liquids, Industrial GHGs 9

10 All-In Sources * Manure Management Systems (Subpart JJ): EPA will not be implementing subpart JJ due to a Congressional restriction prohibiting the expenditure of funds for this purpose. 10

11 Threshold Sources 11

12 Over 6,000 Reporters in RY2010 Power Plants Landfills Oil and Natural Gas Chemicals Food Processing Metals Pulp and Paper Other Industrial Government and Commercial Manufacturing Ethanol Production Refineries Glass Production Cement Production Other Minerals Lime Manufacturing RY2010 GHGRP Number of Reporters (Direct Emitters)

13 Methodologies Methodologies developed from extensive review of existing GHG programs Tiering approach used in many sub parts (lower order to higher order) Example: Stationary Combustion employs 4 Tier Approach In addition to calculation methodologies, the GHG Rule Requires: Adherence to and reference of Standards (ASTM, ISO etc ) Calibration requirements Missing data procedures Extensive recordkeeping requirements 13

14 Electronic Data Collection and Management 14

15 Electronic Data Collection: Key Components FACILITY Registration And Roles USER Registration USER Authentication GHG Data Entry/Upload and Calculation Support Real-Time Data Validation Secure Facility <-> EPA Communication GHG Report Submission and Re-Submission CROMERR Electronic Signature Master Data Store (Database) 15

16 Data Collection: e-ggrt EPA s electronic Greenhouse Gas Reporting Tool (e- GGRT) Web-based application for facilities/suppliers to report directly to EPA For Reporting Year 2010, included 29 individual sub-part modules, each with self-guided web forms Additional 12 Source Category modules added in mid Also includes option for direct data upload via XML Annual Reports are electronically submitted and CROMERR Compliant 16

17 Electronic Reporting Tool Interactive Tax software-like Interview workflow 17

18 Electronic Reporting Tool (cont d) Tab Navigation Context- Sensitive Help Rolling tax refund style GHG Calculator Real-time Data Quality Feedback Part 98 Rule Equations 18

19 Electronic Data Management EPA GHG Data System EPA EnviroFacts: (Under Development) Serviceable, searchable and separately hosted copy of non-cbi dataset. Open Access to Public State-Specific Service Oriented data flow over State-EPA Exchange Network (e-ggrt XML Reporting Schema) Data Verification (EPA) Downloadable XLS, XML & HTML Data Files, all non-cbi data (e-ggrt XML Reporting Schema). Open Access to Public CBI Redaction Reporters Appox. 10,000 Facilities and Suppliers e-ggrt, interactive web-based, CROMERR compliant data reporting tool, 40+ modules Collection (e-ggrt XML Reporting Schema) e-ggrt Database Servers (Master Data Store) e-ggrt Datamart GHGRP Data Publication Website (ghgdata.epa.gov) 19 GUI with open-source APIs.. Publication (Datamart XML Schema)

20 California GHG Reporting Emissions Data Product Data Allowance Allocations

21 Data Verification Reporter Self-Certifies Electronic Verification Pre-submittal warning for reporters entering data outside reasonable ranges or missing data Post-submittal verification through logic checks, use of outside data sets, and statistical analyses across facilities Improvements to ranges & algorithms over time with real data Staff review and direct follow-up Staff review electronic verification results Phone/ follow-up- built in secure communications via e- GGRT Resubmissions, as needed 21

22 Verification Checks (examples) Type of Check Validation Example The annual CH4 emissions for the subpart have not been reported Max. rated HI capacity was not reported for the subpart Range Group max. rated heat input (HI) cannot exceed 250 mmbtu/hr Algorithm Statistical Unit operating hours cannot exceed 8,784 Fuel is not appropriate for a unit using a Tier 1 method with a maximum rated HI capacity greater than 250 mmbtu/hr The annual CO2 emissions is more than expected based on fuel type and max. rated HI capacity The ratio of annual CO2 emissions to max. rated HI has been identified as a potential outlier for large-capacity units that burn oil/gas. 22

23 RY2010 Data Highlights 23

24 Data Publication Multi-Prong Approach Interactive Data Publication Website (ghgdata.epa.gov) Downloadable Data Files Service-oriented application programming interface (APIs) Increase understanding of the sources of GHG emissions in the U.S. among the public Voluntary management Improve quality of reported data Support regional, state, and local programs Provide a tool for schools, students, researchers and journalists Information displayed in a simple, transparent manner Allows public to use data in creative ways 24

25 RY2010 GHG Data Power Plants Refineries All Other 25

26 RY2010 Data: National Map 26

27 Costs 27

28 Costs (Reporters) Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) Estimates cost and benefits of regulatory action Information Collection Request (ICR) Estimates burden associated with information collection Estimated Costs of Compliance (RIA and ICR) Annualized Costs, including Applicability determination Monitoring, recordkeeping, reporting activities Labor costs Capital and O&M Costs Original RIA (2009) ICR Renewal, Proposed Collection (May, 2012) For more information:

29 Costs (EPA) Agency Costs Oversight and implementation of program Collection, verification and publication of emission reports Database and software maintenance Communication & Outreach including Help Desk support EPA Staff and subject matter experts Consultants and technical experts FY2012 Agency Budget (enacted)

30 High Quality Data begins with High Quality Submissions Real Time Data Quality Feedback Comprehensive GHGRP Help Site Context-Sensitive Help within e-ggrt Staffed Help Desk Multi-Tier Ticket Triage Received and resolved over 3,000 tickets during RY2010 Reporting Season Training Webinars Part 98 overviews, e-ggrt overviews, registration, testing and subpart webinars Beta Testing e-ggrt Sandbox 30

31 For More Information Part 98 (Mandatory Reporting Rule) Info: Electronic Reporting, General GHGRP Help: Published Data: ghgdata.epa.gov Kong Chiu US EPA 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW Washington, DC USA