Energy efficiency improvements in Indian brick industry

Transcription

1 Energy efficiency improvements in Indian brick industry Girish Sethi Director, Industrial Energy Efficiency Division TERI 10 March 2011

2 About TERI An independent, not-for-profit research organization established in 1974 Pursuing activities related to energy, environment, and sustainable development Staff strength of over 900 drawn from multidisciplinary and highly specialized fields Great emphasis on capacity building and education. Set up TERI university in 1999 offering doctoral and master programmes Based in New Delhi; regional centres in southern; western and northeastern India; and staff presence in Japan and Brussels Affiliate: TERI-NA in Washington DC, TERI-Europe in London, TERI- Gulf in Dubai

3 Indian Brick Sector: Salient features Construction sector Important contributor of GDP; annual growth rate of around 9% Solid clay fired bricks Most popular building material Annual production ~ 140 billion bricks ( data) Per capita consumption ~ 100 bricks/capita/year Decentralized unorganized production Decentralized Production: No. of units > 0.1 million Seasonal operation (Dec to Jun) Employment for about 10 million workers directly Resource Intensive process: 3 rd largest coal consumer (about 24 million tonnes/year) Large consumption of good quality top soil (400 million tonnes/year)

4 Brick making in India No Bricks BTK Clamps

5 BTKs - Characteristics Production capacity - From few millions to more than 10 millions/ annum Market: Caters to both local and regional markets (up to a distance of 200 km) Segregation based on quality (generally 5 classes) Fuel Coal transported from larger distances or even imported (e.g Indonesian/Australian coal). Agricultural residue Production process: Continuous Workforce: Different categories: moulders, loaders/unloaders, firemen Migratory labour from far-off regions : Workers contracted through labour contractors by paying advance money

6 Key issues facing brick industry Technological obsolescence Increasing fuel prices Labour shortage seasonal industry Unskilled manpower Increasing demand for quality products Niche market for new products

7 UNDP-GEF project Project objective: To make India s major brick producing clusters more energy efficient Chandigarh PSCST Local Resource Centres (LRCs) Executing Agency UNDP; Implementing Agency MoEF; Responsible Partner TERI Project focusing major brick producing clusters in different regions East, West, North, South and North-East Ahmedabad CEPT Varanasi INP Agartala TSCST Project being implemented through 5 Local Resource Centres TERI Bangalore Project duration 4 years ( )

8 Project focus Promote manufacturing of REB products in different parts of the country Facilitate market creation of such products Capacity building of stakeholders Develop linkage with banks and financial institutions

9 Need for technology upgradation Switching over from manual moulding to mechanization e.g. use of extrusion for brick making Adoption of better firing technologies e.g. tunnel kiln, Hoffman kiln etc. Better control on raw material and product characteristics Changes in product profile Hollow blocks and perforated bricks Use of alternate material for brick making e.g. Fal-G bricks with curing instead of baking Brick industry to operate round the year

10 Challenges Technology transfer and adaptation to local needs Financing Capacity building and awareness generation of large endusers Implementation of ECBC guidelines to promote green construction practices Transformation of brick industry into an organised industry set up

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