Civil Engineering and Architecture Detailed and Performance Objective Outline

Transcription

1 Civil Engineering and Architecture Detailed and Performance Objective Outline Unit 1: History of Civil Engineering and Architecture (21 Total Days) Lesson 1.1: History of Civil Engineering and Architecture 1. Civil engineers are problem solvers concerned with providing a public infrastructure of buildings, dams, roads, highways, and other construction projects. 2. Architects primarily focus on designing the interior and exterior look and feel of commercial and residential structures. 3. Many features of ancient structures are seen in modern buildings. 4. Architectural style is often an important key to understanding how a community or neighborhood has developed and the aesthetic customs that have formed over time. 5. The multiple architectural styles that have been developed throughout history are an indication of changing needs and uses for space. 6. Visual design principles and elements constitute an aesthetic vocabulary that can be used to describe buildings and may contribute to their function, location, or time period. : Connect historical architectural and civil engineering achievements to current structural and design applications. Compare examples of three general categories of structural systems based on historical buildings. Explain how historical innovations have contributed to the evolution of civil engineering and architecture. Identify the application of principles and elements of design to architectural buildings. Determine architectural style through identification of building features, components, and materials. Create a mock-up model house depicting an architectural style using a variety of materials.

2 Lesson 1.2: Careers in Civil Engineering and Architecture 1. Civil engineers and architects apply math, science, and discipline-specific skills to design and implement solutions. 2. Civil engineering and architecture careers are comprised of several specialties and offer creative job opportunities for individuals with a wide variety of backgrounds and goals. 3. An effective method for brainstorming possible solutions involves a collaboration of many stakeholders with a variety of skills coming together in an organized meeting called a charrette. Identify with the primary duties and attributes of a civil engineer along with the traditional path for becoming a civil engineer. Recognize that many specialty fields are associated with civil engineering. Participate in a charrette to develop innovative solutions to support whole building design. Unit 2: Residential Design (49 Total Days) Lesson 2.1: Building Design and Construction 1. Many residential structures are constructed with wood framing systems and are built using standard practices. 2. A variety of roof shapes and materials are available for residential structures to meet aesthetic preferences, loads, and environmental challenges. 3. Designers are constantly looking at new ways to create buildings that are green and sustainable. 4. Designers design, modify, and plan structures using 3D architectural software. Identify common components of a residential framing system. Recognize common residential roof designs. Model a common residential roof design and detail advantages and disadvantages of that style. Use 3D architectural software to create a small building. Incorporate green strategies in an existing building design.

3 Lesson 2.2: Cost and Efficiency Analysis 1. The combination of concrete and rebar are an important component of residential foundations. 2. Accurately determining the cost and quantities for a construction project can ensure a high quality structure with less material and financial waste. 3. An effective residential structure should include methods for adequate heating and cooling. 4. R-value and U-value measurements are used to ensure that a structure is properly insulated. Apply basic math skills to calculate the quantity and cost of concrete needed to pour the pad for a small building. Create a cost estimate for a small construction project, including a detailed cost break-down. Understand the relative costs of different parts of a project. Calculate the heat loss through one wall of a conditioned building. Calculate the heat loss for a building envelope with given conditions appropriate for the project. Apply the principles of sustainable design to a small project. Lesson 2.3: Residential Design 1. Responsible designers maximize potential of the property, minimize impact on the environment, and incorporate universal design concepts in order to create an attractive and functional space. 2. Codes and building requirements define and constrain the location of structures, utilities, and landscape components placed on a site. 3. Successful planning of cost, material, and time is essential for a successful building project. 4. Appropriate flow rate, pressure, and water quality are necessary for effective use. 5. Landscape plantings must be designed to take into consideration the local conditions and the resources required for maintenance.

4 Classify a building according to occupancy and construction type using the International Building Code. Apply elements of good residential design to a basic house to meet the needs of a client. Recognize the critical nature of codes and why they were created. Follow specifications and codes during a design process. Incorporate sustainable building principles and universal design concepts to the design of a house. Create bubble diagrams and sketch a floor plan. Given 3D architectural design software, design a residential structure. Given 3D architectural design software, create appropriate documentation to communicate a residential structure design. Place a building on a site with favorable orientation considering the sitespecific information. Calculate and plan for the drainage that takes place before and after the development of a site. Calculate the head loss and estimate the water pressure for a given water supply system. Estimate the cost of creating a foundation and footing for a residential design. Create a bubble diagram and preliminary sketch for a specified site. Unit 3: Commercial Applications (52 Total Days) Lesson 3.1: Commercial Building Systems 1. Commercial building systems differ from residential building systems in many significant ways. 2. Codes and building regulations define and constrain all aspects of building design and construction including the structure, site design, utilities, and building usage. 3. Zoning is the most common method of controlling land use and development. 4. Wall, roof, floor, and framing systems for commercial facilities are chosen based on many factors. 5. Successful planning of cost, material, and time is essential for a successful building project. Identify applicable building codes and regulations that apply to a given development. Classify a building according to its use, occupancy, and construction type using International Building Codes.

5 Research Land Use regulations to identify zoning designations and allowable uses of property. Comply with specifications, regulations, and codes during a design process. Compare a variety of commercial wall systems and select an appropriate system for a given commercial application based on materials, strength, aesthetics, durability, and cost. Compare a variety of commercial low-slope roof systems and select an appropriate system for a given commercial application based on materials, strength, durability, and cost. Incorporate sustainable building principles, especially a green roof, into the design of a commercial building. Use 3D architectural design software to incorporate revisions for the redesign of a building. Use 3D architectural design software to create appropriate documentation to communicate a commercial building design. Build a structure out of playing cards to carry a given load. Through testing, redesign the structure to improve its performance. Calculate the structural efficiency of a structure. Select appropriate steel bar joists and precast concrete floors/roofs using load-span tables. Lesson 3.2: Structures 1. The purpose of a structure is to withstand all applied loads and forces and to transfer these forces to the Earth. 2. Structural engineering involves the critical analysis of forces and loads, their anticipated effect on a structure, and the design of structural elements to safely and efficiently resist the anticipated forces and loads. 3. Design loads are often dictated by building codes. 4. Structural design includes the determination of how structures disperse the applied loads. 5. The application of loads to a building results in resisting forces from the structure which can be predicted through the use of mathematics and physical science principles. Identify the work of a structural engineer. Determine the live, dead, and snow loads applied during the design of a structure using load tables and appropriate mathematics. Determine the tributary width and tributary area of structural elements.

6 Trace a gravity load imposed on a structure to the ground through all structural elements that contribute to supporting the load. Analyze simply supported beams to determine maximum shear and bending moment. Design structural steel floor framing for an elevated floor taking into consideration bending moment, shear and deflection limits. Research the various foundation types, draw sketches of each one, and describe their use. Design a spread footing for a given loading condition. Lesson 3.3: Services and Utilities 1. When utilities are not available within a reasonable distance to be economically brought on site, substitutions must be designed and constructed. 2. Utilities and systems must be properly sized to minimize cost and appropriately serve the project. 3. Responsible designers anticipate the needs and requirements of the users. 4. The HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning), electrical, and plumbing systems of a structure must be sized to meet the needs of the structure occupants. 5. The design of HVAC, electrical, and plumbing systems impact the architectural and structural design of a building. 6. Codes dictate the minimum requirements for services and utilities that must be met. 7. The design of internal systems is documented with construction drawings specific to each system. Interpret and explain code requirements and constraints as they pertain to the installation of services and utilities. Read and understand HVAC, electrical and plumbing construction drawings for a commercial project. Apply criteria and constraints to layout plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems for a commercial facility. Create construction drawings to document plumbing, electrical and HVAC system designs. Modify system designs to incorporate energy conservation techniques. Analyze site conditions and select an appropriate waste water management system for the facility.

7 Lesson 3.4: 1. Engineers must consider parking requirements, pedestrian access, ingress and egress, landscaping, storm water management, and site grading when creating a site design. 2. Codes determine the type, sizing, and placement of site features such as parking lots, entrance and exit roads, pedestrian and handicapped access, and storm water facilities. 3. Ingress and egress, parking, pedestrian access, and handicapped access must be planned to efficiently and safely move traffic, goods, and people. 4. The surface conditions and topography of a site affect the quantity and quality of storm water runoff from a site. 5. The amount of work needed to alter the topography of a site can be mathematically predicted and used to inform changes to the design. Classify a roadway according to its level of use. Calculate important information needed to document a road design. Design appropriate pedestrian access, vehicular access and a parking lot for a commercial facility. Estimate the increase in storm water runoff from a commercial site and create a preliminary design for a storm water storage facility. Apply Low Impact Development techniques to reduce the impact of development on the storm water runoff quantity and quality. Estimate the amount of cut and/or fill necessary to build a structure. Follow specifications and codes during a design process. Given 3D architectural design software, document a commercial site design. Unit 4: Commercial Building Design (50 Total Days) Lesson 4.1: Commercial Design Problem 1. People work in teams to produce solutions to complex problems. 2. A legal description of property is used to identify real estate in a legal transaction and can be found in a deed, mortgage, plat or other purchase documents. 3. A site should be thoroughly research to determine whether it is compatible with the project to be built. 4. Land surveying is used for many purposed during the design and construction of a project including documenting the topography of a site, setting control points, and establishing the location of project features.

8 5. The characteristics of soils present on a site impact the design and construction of improvements to a property. 6. Legal, physical, and financial conditions as well as the needs of the surrounding community should be taken into consideration when determining the viability of a project. 7. Detailed planning and management of a project is essential to its success. Work individually and in groups to produce a solution to a team project. Research codes, zoning ordinances and regulations to determine the applicable requirements for a project. Identify the boundaries of a property based on its legal description. Perform research and visit a site to gather information pertinent to the viability of a project on the site. Use differential leveling to complete a control survey and establish a point of known elevation for a project. Identify the criteria and constraints and gather information to promote viable decisions regarding the development of their solution. Analyze a site soil sample to determine the United Soil Classification System designation and therefore soil characteristics important to the design and construction of a building on the site. Create an architectural program, a project organization chart, and a Gantt chart and hold project progress meetings to help manage the team project. Communicate ideas developing a project using various drawing methods, sketches, graphics, or other media collected and documented. Investigate the legal, physical, and financial requirements of a project and consider the needs of the community to determine project viability. Communicate the current common practices utilized in Civil Engineering and Architecture and apply them to develop a viable solution to their project. Develop an understanding of how software is used as a tool to aid in the solution and then the communication of a project. Lesson 4.2: Commercial Building Design Presentation 1. Presentations and displays of work provide the means to effectively promote the implementation of a project. 2. A well-done presentation will enhance the quality of a team s project. 3. Critiques and reviews are used to inform and provide suggestions for improvement.

9 Assemble and organize work from the commercial project to showcase the project in an effective and professional manner. Conduct a presentation that includes appropriate drawings, renderings, models, documentation, and the rationale for choosing the proposal for project development. Complete a personal evaluation and peer evaluations of team members to assess performance during team project.