An assessment method for residential buildings in Beirut

Transcription

1 An assessment method for residential buildings in Beirut Aram Yeretzian Prime Design - architects daoui building 7th floor - 63 nakkash st. - beirut lebanon / 02 - primedesign@inco.com.lb

2 Introduction Climate and environment in Beirut Climate and comfort Passive strategies Existing assessment methods Development of the design ecology index (DEI) Development of the material ecology index (MEI) Application of the method

3 Introduction Percentages of building types in the Beirut area Residential 65% Non-Residential 11% Mixed 20% Other 4% CAS Studies, (Lebanon State of the Environment Ministry of the Environment LEDO)

4 Climate and environment in Beirut Temperature and wind speed

5 Climate and environment in Beirut Relative humidity and solar radiation

6 Climate and comfort Comfort zones with yearly climatic conditions

7 Passive strategies Summer season

8 Passive strategies Mid season

9 Passive strategies Winter season

10 Existing assessment methods EcoHomes Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design (LEED) Building Materials Assessment System (BMAS)

11 Development of the design ecology index (DEI) Parameters to be considered for the evaluation Description Weight Massing of the building 3 points Shading of openings 3 points Natural ventilation 3 points Orientation of the building 2 points Thermal mass 2 points Landscaping 2 points Winter passive solar gain 1 point Weighting is from 1 to 3 (3 being the best score) Max score = 48 average = 32 low = 16

12 Development of the material ecology index (MEI) BMAS EF (ecology factor) Material = EF x W (weight) Material ecology index = sum of the ecology factors x weight MEI = Σ (EF x W)

13 Application of the method A Residential Building

14 Application of the method Design Ecology Index (DEI) score x weight Massing of the building 2 x 3 = 6 Shading of openings 3 x 3 = 9 Natural ventilation 1 x 3 = 3 Orientation of the building 1 x 2 = 2 Thermal mass 1 x 2 = 2 Landscaping 1 x 2 = 2 Winter passive solar gain 2 x 1 = 2 Total = 26 medium DEI

15 Application of the method Material Ecology Index (MEI) The weight per square meter of slab, by material, is equal to (from top to bottom): Floor tiles: 2.5 cm thick 55 kg/m2 Mortar bed: 2 cm thick 44 kg/m2 Fill: 10 cm thick 185 kg/m2 Hourdi slab: 25 cm thick 450 kg/m2 (approx. 400 kg/m2 concrete and 50 kg/m2 steel reinforcement) Plaster: 2 cm thick 44 kg/m2 The weight per square meter of wall, by material, is equal to (from outside to inside): Stone cladding: 5 cm thick 105 kg/m2 Mortar: 3 cm thick 66 kg/m2 Hollow concrete block: 20 cm thick 376 kg/m2 Rigid insulation: 5 cm thick 1.8 kg/m2 Hollow concrete block: 10 cm thick kg/m2 Plaster: 2 cm thick 44 kg/m2

16 Application of the method Material Ecology Index (MEI) Material Weight Cement 1710 tons Aggregate 9142 tons Metal reinforcement 205 tons Sand 2123 tons Stone cladding 130 tons Aluminium 10 tons Glass 35 tons Tiles 356 tons

17 Application of the method Cement

18 Application of the method Material EF x W Cement Aggregate Metal reinforcement Sand Stone cladding Aluminium 610 Glass 2100 Tiles Total material ecology index

19 Application of the method replacing a percentage of the opaque components (cement, aggregate, sand and stone cladding) with glass the index decreases by approximately 17% when the opaque elements are reduced and the glass is increased by 25%. the index decreases by around 37% when the opaque components are reduced and the glass is increased by 50%.

20 Conclusion This assessment method is a starting point in trying to initiate awareness pertaining to how a building is environment friendly. At the early stages of the design process, it provides a measure for architects to analyse and better understand the behaviour of the building. By varying the parameters included in the calculations, designers can implement changes to improve its performance. It can also be applied to existing buildings for a comparative purpose. Substantial work need to be executed n order to fine tune the value of the ecology factor for each material.

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