DATA BASE FOR A RESOURCE EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF VIENNA S BUILDING STOCK

Transcription

1 DATA BASE FOR A RESOURCE EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF VIENNA S BUILDING STOCK Fritz Kleemann a, Philipp Aschenbrenner b, Jakob Lederer b, Johann Fellner b a Waste & Material Flow Management, Environment Agency Austria b Christian Doppler Laboratory for Anthropogenic Resources, Technische Universität Wien

2 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AUSTRIA Austria s most important and one of Europe s leading environmental expert organisation Stands for a transformation of the economy and society to ensure sustainable living Provides the basis for decision making at local, regional and international level Committed to transparency and impartiality Engagement in dialogue with politics, administration, business, science and civil society Umweltbundesamt/Berthold 2

3 BACKGROUND Buildings greatly contribute to the material stock and material turnover in urban systems About 20-30% of waste flows nationwide are related to construction and demolition (excavation material excluded) 25-30% of waste flows on a European level are related to construction and demolition High potential to save primary resources and landfill space through recycling Knowledge about material stocks and flows in this system is limited 3

4 CONTENT 1. Specific material intensities for different building categories 2. Building structure and material stock 3. Demolition activity and associated demolition waste 4

5 CONTENT 1. Specific material intensities for different building categories 5

6 SPECIFIC MATERIAL INTENSITIES Information about the material composition of buildings derived from: Case studies Construction files of demolished buildings Data about new buildings Literature Aim: generate specific material intensities (kg/m³ gross volume GV) for different building categories in Vienna Microsoft 6

7 SPECIFIC MATERIAL INTENSITIES Document based analysis (main construction materials) On-site investigation and selective sampling (materials in low concentration) Location of the materials: Microsoft 7

8 SPECIFIC MATERIAL INTENSITIES 8 Period of construction kg/m³ GV Utilization Mineral materials Organic materials Metals Total Residential Commercial Industrial Residential Commercial Industrial Residential Commercial Industrial Residential Commercial Industrial Residential Commercial Microsoft 340 Industrial

9 CONTENT 2. Building structure and material stock 9

10 BUILDING STRUCTURE AND MATERIAL STOCK Spatially joining different GIS datasets Building categorization Aim: One dataset containing information about: Size: m³ GV Utilization Construction period 10

11 BUILDING STRUCTURE 11

12 DATA COMBINATION 12

13 MATERIAL STOCK 13

14 MATERIAL STOCK/CAP t/cap Mineral 200 Organic 5.5 Metal 3.3 Concrete 83 Wood 4.0 Iron/Steel 3.2 Bricks 70 Various plastics 0.35 Aluminium Mortar/plaster 29 Bitumen 0.22 Copper Mineral fill 7.8 Carpet 0.19 Lead Slag fill 3.4 Heraklit 0.16 Brass Gravel/sand 2.7 Asphalt 0.13 Natural stone 0.72 PVC 0.10 Foamed clay bricks 0.71 Polystyrene Plaster boards/gypsum 0.74 Paper/Cardboard Ceramics 0.42 Laminate (Cement) asbestos 0.34 Linoleum Glass 0.22 Mineral wool 0.21 Mineral wool boards Total

15 MATERIAL STOCK/CAP Bricks & Mortar 93 [t] Concrete 85 [t] Wood 4 [t] Steel 3.7 [t] 3,9m 3,3m 2m 0,8m 15

16 MATERIAL STOCK ON A BUILDING LEVEL Building information Height [m] 17.7 Area [m²] 443 Volume [m³] 7823 Utilisation Construction period residential before 1918 Material composition [t] Mineral material 3400 Steel 23 Aluminium 0.66 Copper 0.74 PVC 2.3 Wood 67 Cement asbestos 0.73 Other plastics 1.8 Others

17 CONTENT 3. Demolition activity and associated demolition waste 17

18 DEMOLITION ACTIVITY Based on change detection data from remote sensing image matching Based on statistics (address points) 18

19 CHANGE DETECTION Aerial images 2013 Aerial images 2014 Image matching Digital surface model 2013 Digital surface model 2014 Difference model 19

20 DIFFERENCE MODEL 20

21 VERIFICATION AND DATA COMBINATION Polygons of potentially demolished buildings Verification through orthophotos Demolished volume of building categories Specific material intensities of building categories Waste from building demolition GIS building model 21

22 DIFFERENCE MODEL POLYGON 22

23 ORTHOPHOTO

24 ORTHOPHOTO

25 + GIS DATA 25

26 ADDRESS POINT 26

27 ORTHOPHOTO

28 ORTHOPHOTO

29 + GIS DATA 29

30 DEMOLISHED BUILDING VOLUME Change detection: 2.8 M m³ /a Statistical data: 1.7 M m³ /a 30

31 DEMOLISHED BUILDINGS 6-7% of demolition project represent about 50% of the total demolished building volume 31

32 DATA COMBINATION 32

33 DEMOLITION WASTE 1.1 M t/a or 0.3% of the overall building stock 33 kg/cap/a Mineral 570 Organic 15 Metal 12 Concrete 280 Wood 11 Iron/Steel 12 Bricks 180 Asphalt 1.4 Aluminium 0.26 Mortar/plaster 76 Bitumen 1.3 Copper 0.15 Mineral fill 15 Various plastics 0.35 Natural stone 6 PVC 0.27 Slag fill 5 Heraklit 0.25 Plaster boards/gypsum 2.8 Carpet 0.19 Gravel/sand 2.6 Polystyrene 0.1 Foamed clay bricks 1.2 Paper/Cardboard Ceramics 0.86 Linoleum Glass 0.65 Laminate (Cement) asbestos 0.43 Mineral wool 0.33 Mineral wool boards Total 600

34 CONCLUSIONS Specific material intensities for different building categories [kg/m³ GV] based on case studies, construction files of demolished buildings, LCA data, construction plans of new buildings, final bills, and literature Building structure [m³] based on different GIS data Demolished building volume [m³] based on statistics and image matching change detection data Material stock in buildings Building demolition waste 34

35 THANK YOU! Publications Kleemann, F., Lehner, H., Szczypińska, A., Lederer, J., Fellner, J. (2016). Using change detection data to assess amount and composition of demolition waste from buildings in Vienna. Resources Conservation and Recycling. Kleemann, F., Lederer, J., Rechberger, H., Fellner, J., (2016). GIS-based analysis of Vienna s material stock in buildings. Journal of Industrial Ecology. Kleemann, F., Lederer, J., Aschenbrenner, P., Rechberger, H., & Fellner, J. (2016). A method for determining buildings material composition prior to demolition. Building Research & Information, 44(1), Special thanks to Christian Doppler Laboratory for Anthropogenic Resources, Technische Universität Wien Vienna City Administration, Municipal Department 41 Urban Survey 35

36 CONTACT & INFORMATION Fritz Kleemann Johann Fellner DIE MARILLA OG 36