Monarperm Systems. High performance for pitched roofs. Energy efficiency right under your roof WORLD LEADER IN BUILDING MEMBRANES. July 2006.

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1 Monarperm Systems CI/SfB (47) Ln July 2006 High performance for pitched roofs Energy efficiency right under your roof ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION CERTIFICATE No 03/4062 CERTIFICATE No 02/3932 BUILDING PRODUCT CERTIFICATION Certificate No. 03/0194 WORLD LEADER IN BUILDING MEMBRANES

2 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems About Icopal About Icopal Products Design Warm roofs Cold sealed roofs Icopal is the world's leading producer of membranes for roofing. We have 29 manufacturing plants in Europe and America and distribute our products through 79 subsidiaries in Europe, America, the Middle East and Asia. From our UK head office in Manchester, and Vapour open membranes Icopal has produced vapour open membranes since the 1970s, when we pioneered the concept of membranes which are vapour open, watertight and airtight. is the latest addition to the Icopal family of membranes. Cold vented roofs Installation Technical support References through a national network of 2,200 distributors, we offer the UK construction industry the most complete range of construction membranes backed by support services and insurance-backed guarantees. We combine the resources of an international company with intimate knowledge of the requirements of local markets. We work with construction industry professionals to identify Monarperm pitched roof systems The construction of efficient pitched roofs requires consideration of the performance of all the materials involved and their interaction; it is not sufficient to rely solely upon any one component. In order to assist designers in the creation of high performance pitched roofs, Icopal offers several pitched roof systems. problems and develop solutions for better buildings - solutions which are innovative, sometimes unique. Each system comprises membrane and accessories which give the best performance for any given roof type. The following pages Icopal has pioneered the use of membrane technology to improve building performance by controlling the movement of water, air and provide details of those materials and accessories and describe the key design considerations for each type of roof. heat. Designers can rely on Icopal membrane systems to produce energy efficient, sustainable buildings. Benefits of Monarperm roof systems energy efficient fully integrated solutions fully compatible materials easy to use full independent third party approval approved by local authorities 2

3 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems vapour-open underlay has been designed specifically to meet the performance requirements for a pitched roof underlay: it consists of a highly vapour-open film bonded between two layers of nonwoven polypropylene which give the membrane its strength and water resistance. Technical description Composition Colour Thickness A three layer composite structure manufactured from non woven micro porous polypropylene with polypropylene layers on both sides Blue surface, Athracite underside 0.6mm Construction of Roll dimensions 50m x 1.5m Roll total area 75m 2 Specially formulated non-woven polypropylene Micro-porous film Specially formulated non-woven polypropylene Airtight: helps prevent the displacement by the wind of roofing tiles and slates. Watertight: Any wind-driven rain or snow which penetrates the tiles or slates is stopped by the underlay and drains safely down to gutters. Vapour open: allows water vapour arising from the occupied space to diffuse safely to atmosphere; it prevents the build up of high concentrations of water vapour, so reducing the likelihood of harmful condensation. Roll weight Performance Water vapour resistance to BS 3177 Water vapour transmission Resistance to hydrostatic pressure Tensile strength MD TD Nail tear strength MD TD Coefficient of friction Dry Wet Flame retardancy MD: machine direction TD: transverse direction 10.5kg 0.17MNs/g g/m 2-24 hours 7.31m 230N/5cm 160N/5cm 87N 85N To DIN 4102 Class B2 Benefits: UV stable - can be exposed on site for up to two months ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION CERTIFICATE No 03/4062 CERTIFICATE No 02/3932 BBA and IAB certified for use in warm and cold roof applications, both sealed and vented Waterproof to 7m head of water Stable across a wide temperature range BUILDING PRODUCT CERTIFICATION Certificate No. 03/0194 Strong and tear resistant Non-tenting - can be laid directly on insulation boards Unaffected by rot or fungal attack Lightweight and easy to handle 3

4 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Monarperm vapour-tight air leakage barriers Monarperm ALB 200 has been designed to be used as a vapour-tight air leakage barrier in pitched roof constructions; it consists of two layers of low density polyethylene bonded to a high density polyethylene grid. The performance of Monarperm pitched roof systems can be enhanced by the use of Monarperm air leakage barriers (ALB): they are:- Airtight: Monarperm air leakage barriers reduce air movement through the roof, cutting convection heat losses resulting from air infiltration. Such heat losses can represent as much as half the total heat loss through the roof. Vapour tight: Monarperm air leakage barriers reduce the transmission of water vapour from the occupied space into the roof structure. By preventing the build up of moisture within the roof Monarperm air leakage barriers minimise the risk of interstitial condensation. Heat reflective: When fixed on one face of an unvented cavity Monarperm HLB 200 reflects much of the heat radiated across that cavity. The reduction in radiation heat transfer can make a 10% improvement in the thermal performance of the roof. Benefits: Strong and tear resistant Easy to handle and fix Stable across wide temperature range Compatible with most common building materials Description Composition Monarperm ALB 200 Monarperm HLB 200 two layers of LDPE bonded to an HDPE grid Thickness 0.2mm 0.175mm Width 2.0m 2.0m Roll length 50m 50mm Roll area 100m 2 100m 2 Weight 200g/m 2 180g/m 2 Roll weight 20kg 18kg a layer of metalised PET film and a layer LDPE bonded to a PET grid Monarperm HLB 200 has been designed to be used as a vapour-tight air leakage barrier which will limit the transfer of heat by radiation; it consists of a layer of metalised PET and a layer of low density polyethylene bonded to a PET reinforcing grid. Performance Monarperm ALB 200 Monarperm HLB 200 Water vapour resistance 350MNs/g 550MNs/g Water vapour transmission 0.6g/m 2 /24 hours 0.11g/m 2 /24 hours Tensile strength MD TD Elongation at maximum force MD TD Nail tear resistance MD TD 290 N/5cm 240 N/5cm 20% 20% 240N 230N 460 N/5cm 400 N/5cm 25% 15% 265N 250N Temperature range -40 C C -40 C C MD: machine direction, TD: transverse direction 4

5 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Monarperm accessories Eaves Guard Product data Monarperm Eaves Guard Eaves Guard Material EG300 High density polyethylene Monarperm Eaves Guard is designed to prevent ponding behind a fascia board (see BRE Defect Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) 1300mm 300mm 1.50mm Action Sheet 9); and to eliminate the need for a tilting fillet. It also protects from prolonged exposure to UV light at eaves. Weight (kg) 0.46kg Monarperm Eaves Guard EG300 is suitable for roof pitches down to 12.5º. Monarperm Eaves Monotape Product data Material 7 microns polyester film coated on both sides with a acrylic adhesive both sides Guard can be installed before or after the gutter. Monotape Monarperm Eaves Guard Colour Length (m) Width (mm) Transparent with white release paper 25m 75mm Monotape is a double sided acrylic tape for joining laps in to form a continuous vapour open underlay. Thickness (mm) 0.11mm Monobond Monobond is a permanently flexible butyl strip Monobond Product data designed to remain flexible at temperatures down Composition Thickness Non hardening, permanently flexible, high performance sealant 2mm to -40ºC with an application temperature of +5 C and above. It is ideal for joining polyethylene membranes - such as and Monarperm ALB 200. It should be used to seal Monotape Colour Blue laps to form vapour control layers and air leakage Roll sizes (mm x m) 15 x 24, 30 x 24, 70 x 15 barriers and to seal them to adjoining elements. Application temperature Service temperature Water vapour resistance Down to -12ºC -40ºC to +90ºC 900 MNs/g Tensile adhesion 1.9kg/cm 2 Elongation 400% at 100mm/min Joint movement 20% UV resistance Chemical resistance Very good Good to dilute acids and alkalis, poor to organic solvents Monosleeve Monosleeve is a flexible sleeve designed to seal service penetrations through Monarperm ALB 200 and Monarperm HLB 200. The rubber sleeve fits tightly around the pipe or cable whilst the selfadhesive base forms an airtight seal with the membrane. Monosleeve is available in a wide range of sizes to accommodate most situations. Benefits Monobond Pre-formed accessories: are fit for purpose improve build quality save time Monosleeve 5

6 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Design considerations Back to basics A fundamental requirement of any building is that it should provide a suitable internal climate for the occupants and their activities: that will usually involve keeping the weather out, keeping heat in, avoiding a build-up of moisture and providing sufficient fresh air. Building Regulations stipulate the following requirements: Part L in England and Wales (Section 6 of the Technical Handbooks in Scotland, Technical Booklet C in Northern Ireland) - designers must limit carbon dioxide emissions by conserving energy. In addition to addressing heat losses by conduction through the building elements, designers must consider thermal bridging at junctions and the effects of air infiltration upon overall building performance. Conventional methods The conventional approach has been to tackle those requirements separately, and accept the resultant inefficiencies. For example, the conventional solution to harmful condensation in pitched roofs has been to vent the airspace beneath the impermeable underlay. Whilst that does prevent condensation it also increases the rate of heat loss through the roof and encourages air infiltration into the occupied space. As the requirements of the regulations are tightened such a piecemeal approach will not suffice: specifiers must adopt a holistic approach to the management of heat, air and moisture. Part C in England and Wales (Sections 3.10 and 3.15 in Scotland, Technical Booklet C in Northern Ireland) - buildings must be designed to resist water penetration and avoid damaging condensation. Part F in England and Wales (Section 3.14 in Scotland, Technical Booklet K in Northern Ireland) - there must be sufficient ventilation for the building occupants. 6

7 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Design considerations Holistic design The key to achieving holistic solutions for pitched roofs is to identify the external and internal control planes for each building element and use materials with the right combination of properties to form those planes. The external control plane on a pitched roof should: Protect against water ingress - a waterproof membrane is required behind discontinuous roofing units such as slates and tiles. Reduce unnecessary air movement from outside to inside, so improving the thermal performance of the roof. The figure below shows the balance of properties required in a roof construction. Adopting membranes to form control planes, and correctly detailing their junctions, enables designers to create weatherproof, draught-free buildings which will be energy efficient and free from condensation. Once air infiltration has been addressed, designers can set about providing correct levels of ventilation. Heat/air/moisture movement external control plane: watertight airtight vapour-open water vapour disperses to atmosphere no air infiltration External wind pressure Allow any moisture which does diffuse from the occupied space into the roof to pass safely into atmosphere. Those requirements can best be met by using watertight / airtight / vapour-open membrane. Internal water vapour retained for extraction radiation heat losses reduced internal control plane airtight vapour-tight reflective The internal control plane should prevent air filtration through the construction in order to: Reduce convection heat loss Prevent vapour transfer by diffusion Those requirements can best be met by using Monarperm ALB200 vapour-tight airtight membrane. The use of Monarperm HLB 200 to form the internal control plane will also: limit radiation heat loss Benefits of Monarperm pitched roof systems Warm roof Cold sealed roof Vented cold roof Avoids condensation 'fail-safe' condensation control reduces convection heat losses easier to make airtight no unnecessary voids in construction maximises useful space 7

8 Monarperm warm roof system The Monarperm warm pitched roof system In warm pitched roofs insulation is installed in the plane of the rafters: over and between the rafters, wholly between the rafters, or between and beneath the rafters. Warm pitched roofs may be used to provide an additional storey, to form a cathedral roof or to give a conditioned roof void. The Monarperm warm roof system uses to form the external control plane and Monarperm ALB 200 or Monarperm HLB 200 as the internal control plane. In the Monarperm warm roof system prevents water penetration, reduces air infiltration and allows any water vapour within the structure to escape. To obtain maximum benefit from the system all laps in should be sealed with Monotape; junctions between the membrane and adjoining elements should be sealed with Monotape or Monobond. is fixed by counterbattens: they allow water to drain from the roof and form a deeper air space to aid the dispersal of water vapour. The gaps between tiles and natural slates provide sufficient air paths for water vapour to disperse to atmosphere: for tighter coverings it may be necessary to vent the batten space at the top and bottom of each slope (see BS 5250 section for guidance). Monarperm ALB 200, or Monarperm HLB 200, reduces air infiltration and prevents water vapour generated within the occupied space entering the roof. Icopal recommends the membrane be fixed to the underside of the rafters with battens. The voids formed by the battens enable services to be installed without penetration of the membrane and, if used in conjunction with Monarperm HLB 200, reduce radiation heat loss. Eaves Monarflex Eaves Guard Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 All laps in Monarperm ALB 200 or Monarperm HLB 200, and junctions with other elements should be sealed with Monobond. Service penetrations should be formed with Monosleeve. Monarflex Eaves Guard Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 8

9 30/6/06 2:25 pm Page 11 Monarperm warm roof system Abutment & Ridge Verge Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 Benefits of the Monarperm warm roof system: Better use of space within the building envelope Protects the building structure from extremes of temperature All services within the heated environment Eliminates large voids in the construction - cutting air infiltration Monarperm ALB 200 / HLB 200 Monarperm HLB 200 reduces radiation heat loss. 9

10 Monarperm Sealed Cold Roof System The Monarperm sealed cold roof system In cold roofs insulation is laid at ceiling line, between and above the joists, with the loft and roof structure outside the insulated envelope giving rise to a risk of harmful condensation. In the Monarperm sealed cold roof system prevents water penetration, reduces air infiltration and allows any water vapour within the structure to escape. To obtain maximum benefit from the system the membrane should be laid taut and all laps in should be sealed with Monotape; junctions between the membrane and adjoining elements should be sealed with Monobond. Eaves The Monarperm sealed cold roof system eliminates that risk by using as a vapour open external control plane and Monarperm ALB 200 as a vapour-tight internal control plane. There is no need to vent the loft to atmosphere. With no ventilation, the air in the loft forms a buffer which reduces air infiltration to the loft both from outside and from the occupied space; that, in turn, reduces moisture transfer into the loft and cuts convection heat loss. The Monarperm sealed cold roof system is suitable for use with board sarking with at least 5mm gaps between boards (for sheet sarking see page 12). is fixed by counterbattens; they allow water to drain from the roof and form a deeper air space to aid the dispersal of water vapour. The gaps between tiles and natural slates provide sufficient air paths for water vapour to disperse to atmosphere: for tighter coverings it may be necessary to vent the batten space at the top and bottom of each slope (see BS 5250 section for guidance). There is no need to maintain ventilation paths at eaves; they may be packed with insulation to reduce thermal bridging. Whilst the system will work satisfactorily with a well sealed ceiling (see page 12), its performance may be enhanced by forming an internal control plane with Monarperm ALB 200, which will reduce air infiltration and prevent the transfer of water vapour to the loft by diffusion. Monarflex Eaves Guard Monarperm Seal Plus Monarperm ALB 200 Monosleeve Monarperm ALB 200 Note: If counterbattens cannot be used then in this situation, must be draped between the rafters. Monarflex Eaves Guard 10

11 30/6/06 2:25 pm Page 13 Monarperm Sealed Cold Roof System Abutment & Ridge Verge Benefits of the Monarperm sealed cold roof system: Reduces convection heat losses Cuts air infiltration Avoids interstitial condensation without ventilation Minimises thermal bridging at eaves No need for costly ventilation products 11

12 Monarperm Vented Cold Roof System The Monarperm vented cold roof system The Monarperm vented cold roof system offers a conventional solution to the control of condensation in the roof. Whilst ventilation of the loft will generally prevent the occurrence of harmful condensation it also results in unnecessary heat loss through air infiltration and a reduction in the effectiveness of fibrous thermal insulation in the loft. may be used in exactly the same way as 1F felt, but is easier to install as it is lighter and handles better on the roof. In the Monarperm vented cold roof system should be draped over the rafters leaving a minimum 25mm gap between the membrane the underside of the tiling/slating battens to allow water to drain from the roof. The Monarperm vented cold roof system is suitable for roofs which include board or sheet sarking. In a conventional sarked roof the slates would be nailed to the sarking, puncturing the membrane in many places: that may be avoided by fixing counterbattens and slating battens to the sarking and then slating the roof (see page 13). Ventilation should be provided in accordance with BS 5250 section (summarised in the figures on page 13). The depth of insulation required to meet Part L - approximately 300mm - can make it difficult to maintain a clear air path at eaves: designers should consider alternative locations for vents, such as gable walls. A well sealed ceiling is recommended to minimise the transfer of water vapour into the loft by air infiltration. The installation of Monarperm ALB 200 between the ceiling and the insulation would reduce further the amount of water vapour reaching the loft. Eaves Monarflex Eaves Guard Well sealed ceilings The following measures are essential for achieving a well sealed ceiling: access hatches should be adequately sealed and not sited in kitchens or bathrooms; the heads of wall cavities should be sealed; the ceiling should be sealed to the external walls; penetrations for services should be permanently sealed with Monosleeve; recessed light fittings should be airtight or be hooded or boxed. (see BS 5250 section for further guidance) 12

13 30/6/06 2:25 pm Page 15 Monarperm Vented Cold Roof System Conventional sarking Ventilation requirements Sarking 25mm 25mm Pitch <15 10mm 10mm Pitch mm Protected sarking 10mm 10mm Pitch >35 Sarking 5mm 25mm Mono slope any pitch 25mm Span greater than 6m 25mm Pitch any 13

14 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Installation guidance Safety When working on a roof ensure all necessary safety precautions are in place and follow safe working practices. Although Monarperm 700 is strong it should not be walked on nor used as a working platform. There are three methods of installing : designers should select the method suitable for the specified roof system. Monarperm Eaves Guard Fit Monarperm Eaves Guard over the fascia and arrange so water cannot pond. Nail Monarperm Eaves Guard to the rafters. Form laps at rafters. Seal the whole width of the lap with Monobond. The eaves batten must be level or higher than the top of the fascia board. - supported on insulation or sarking Fit Monarperm Eaves Guard. Lay the first run of, blue side up and parallel to the eaves. Lap at least 100mm over the Eaves Guard. Seal the lap with Monotape. Pull taut and fix with counterbattens. Lay the second run of Monarperm, lapped over the first run. See table for lap size. Seal the lap with Monotape. Continue laying up the slope. Lap the final run at least 150mm over the ridge. When laying over boarding take care not to catch the membrane on splinters. lap dimensions Roof Pitch Horizontal Lap Vertical Lap* Partially Supported Fully Supported 12.5º - 14º 225mm 150mm 100mm 15º - 34º 150mm 100mm 100mm >34º 100mm 75mm 100mm * form vertical laps over rafters - unsupported - taut Fix Monarperm Eaves Guard. Lay the first run of, blue side up and parallel to the eaves. Lap at least 100mm over the Eaves Guard. Seal the lap with Monotape. Tack in place with broad headed clout nails, keeping the membrane taut. Lay the second run of lapped over the first run. See table for lap size. Tack in place. Seal the lap with Monotape. Continue laying up the slope. Lap the final run at least 150mm over the ridge. Fix permanently with counterbattens. - unsupported - draped Fix Monarperm Eaves Guard. Lay the first run of, blue side up and parallel to the Eaves. Leave a 25mm drape between the rafters. Lap at least 100mm over Eaves Guard. Secure with tiling battens. Lay the next run of lapped over the first run. See table for lap size. Secure with tiling battens. Fix one batten within 25mm of the lower edge of the lap to protect it against wind uplift. Continue laying up the slope. Lap the final run at least 150mm over the ridge. 14

15 Monarperm Pitched Roof Systems Technical Support Perimeters and penetrations At abutments, roof windows and chimneys turn at least 50mm up the vertical face. Seal the junction with Monobond and protect with flashing. At verges extend to within 50mm of the external face and seal the junction with Monobond. Seal to penetrating pipes and cables with Monotape or Monobond. Monarperm ALB 200 and HLB 200 Installation at rafter line Fix Monarperm ALB 200/HLB 200 in vertical runs to the underside of the rafters. Tack in place with broad headed clout nails or staples. Lap adjoining runs by 100mm at rafters. Seal laps with Monotape. Nail battens to the rafters to fix Monarperm ALB 200/HLB 200 permanently. Seal Monarperm ALB 200/HLB 200 at perimeters and seal penetrations with Monosleeve. Installation at ceiling line Fix Monarperm ALB 200 to the underside of the ceiling joists. Run Monarperm ALB 200 parallel to the joists. Tack in place with broad headed clout nails or staples. Lap adjoining runs by 100mm at joists. Seal laps with Monotape. Extend Monarperm ALB 200 down the walls by 100mm and seal to the wall with Monobond. Technical Services Icopal s technical consultants are experienced in a wide range of roofing applications and provide free advice on all aspects of membrane and insulation specification and installation. Our specialists help to ensure optimum solutions at the design stage and can visit the site throughout the contract to provide practical assistance to overcome any technical problems. For FREE Technical Advice phone: Research and Development To maintain our position as world leader in building membrane technology Icopal has an on-going programme of product research and development, pushing forward levels of performance while helping to control your costs. Quality Assured All Icopal products are manufactured to strict quality guidelines. As part of our commitment to the highest standard of quality and service, Icopal are registered to ISO 9001:2000. Certificate No. Q05556 ISO 9001:2000 References NHBC Standards, Chapter 7.2 Approved Document C to the Building Regulations 2004 Approved Document F to the Building Regulations 2006 Technical Handbooks to the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2005 BS 5250:2002: Code of practice for control of condensation in buildings BS 5534:2003: Code of practice for slating and tiling BS 8000 Workmanship on building sites: Part 6 Code of practice for slating and tiling of roofs and claddings BRE Report: Thermal : avoiding risks BRE Defect Action Sheet 9 BRE Defect Action Sheet 10 15

16 CI/SfB July 2006 (47) Ln Icopal Ltd Barton Dock Road Stretford, Manchester M32 0YL Telephone: Fax: Technical Fax: Northern Ireland Mobile: Telephone: Fax: Republic of Ireland Mobile: Freephone Facility Telephone: Fax: NBS Support To simplify specification and help ensure compliance, NBS specification clauses for all Icopal products are included in the NBS PLUS section of NBS Specification Writer/ Specification Manager software. Copies of the clauses are also available from Icopal. CPD Seminars Icopal is a member of the RIBA CPD Providers Network. We are happy to provide RIBA approved CPD presentations to specifiers and designers. Please call for more information. High performance for pitched roofs RIBA Product Selector Full information on the Icopal range can be found in the RIBA PRODUCT SELECTOR and PRODUCT SELECTOR-plus CD. Every effort has been taken in the preparation of this brochure to ensure the accuracy of representations contained herein. Recommendations as to the use of materials, construction details and methods of installation are given in good faith and relate to typical situations. However, every site has different characteristics and reliance should not be placed upon the foregoing recommendations. Advice can be given as to specific applications of the products, upon request. Certificate No. Q05556 ISO 9001:2000