Canadian Standards Association Thermoplastic pressure piping compendium

Transcription

1 Contents Technical Committee on Plastic Pressure Piping xx Preface xxiii Foreword xxv B , Definitions, general requirements, and methods of testing for thermoplastic pressure piping 1 Scope 3 2 Reference publications 3 3 Definitions and abbreviations Definitions Abbreviations 11 4 Material requirements Compounds General Virgin compounds Reworked material Stabilizers, lubricants, and pigments Environmental requirements Toxicity Chemical resistance Environmental stress cracking Ultraviolet (UV) radiation protection Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength 12 5 Manufactured pipe and fittings General Quality of work Insert fittings Threaded connections Transition- and mechanical-type fittings Piping for pressure applications Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Validation of the hydrostatic design basis for polyethylene (PE) compounds Classification of pipe 14 6 Test methods General Conditioning Conditioning for the impact resistance test Conditions for conducting tests Specimens Selection of test specimens Toxicity Chemical resistance Apparent tensile properties (ring tensile test) 15 iii

2 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association General Apparatus Test specimen Procedure Calculations Carbon black dispersion Apparatus Specimens Preparation of the dispersion slide Assessment of the slides Hydrostatic sustained pressure test Purpose Calculating circumferential (hoop) stress Calculating pressure ratings Procedure for testing pipe materials Procedure for testing manufactured pipe and tubing Hydrostatic pressure test of fittings Thermocycling test for plastic-to-metal transition fittings Impact resistance test for pipe Apparatus Specimens Procedure Failure criteria Measuring dimensions of pipe and tubing General Diameters Wall thickness Wall thickness range Out-of-roundness Measuring dimensions of bell- and socket-type fittings General Fitting diameters Out-of-roundness Fitting wall thicknesses Minimum fitting lengths Measuring threads 26 7 Markings Pipe Fittings Solvent cement 27 A (informative) Supplementary information for hydrostatic sustained pressure strength testing 32 B (informative) Tapered plug gauges 36 C (informative) Conversion factors 37 Figures 1 Blunt start thread 28 2 Test specimen for ring tensile test 28 3 Split-disc test fixture for ring tensile test 29 4 Reproduction of photomicrographs for carbon black dispersion 30 5 Tup nose detail 31 iv

3 B , Polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold-water pressure services 1 Scope 41 2 Reference publications 41 3 Definitions and abbreviations 41 4 General Basic requirements Materials Compounds Basic properties Long-term hydrostatic strength Ultraviolet (UV) stabilization Carbon black 42 5 Manufactured pipe, tubing, and fittings Pipe and tubing Diameter Wall thickness Pressure rating Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Kellam stress-cracking test Fittings Plastic insert fittings Transition- and mechanical-type fittings Mechanical-type fittings using threads formed on outside diameter-sized pipe 44 6 Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Kellam stress-cracking test Pullout test of fittings 45 7 Markings Pipe and tubing Plastic insert fittings Transition- and mechanical-type fittings 45 A (informative) Standard Kellam stress-cracking test apparatus 56 B (informative) Standard practice for the installation of polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold-water applications 57 C (informative) Standard practice for the material traceability of polyethylene (PE) pipe and tubing for cold-water pressure applications 67 1 Hydrostatic design stress for PE materials 46 2 Diameters for ID- and OD-sized PE pipe 46 3 Outside diameters for PE tubing 47 4 Minimum wall thicknesses and tolerances for ID-sized PE pipe for insert fittings 48 5 Minimum wall thicknesses and tolerances for OD-sized PE pipe 51 6 Minimum wall thicknesses and tolerances for PE tubing 55 7 Pressure ratings for PE pipe (water at 23 C) 55 v

4 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association B , Polyvinylchloride (PVC) injection-moulded gasketed fittings for pressure applications 1 Scope 71 2 Reference publications 71 3 Definitions and abbreviations 71 4 General Basic requirements Materials Compounds Long-term hydrostatic strength 72 5 Manufactured fittings Dimensions and tolerances Qualification test Pressure rating Gasketed joints Quality control of fittings Burst pressure Accelerated regression test Heat reversion in PVC moulded fittings 72 6 Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Fitting qualification test Accelerated regression test 73 7 Markings 73 A (informative) Hydrostatic pressure testing considerations 77 1 Wall thicknesses, inside diameters, and gasketed bell depths 74 2 Minimum fitting dimensions and tolerances 75 3 Physical properties of elastomeric gaskets for pressure fittings 76 4 Heat reversion exposure times for PVC moulded fittings 76 B , Rigid polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipe and fittings for pressure applications 1 Scope 83 2 Reference publications 83 3 Definitions and abbreviations 83 4 General Basic requirements Materials Compounds 83 vi

5 4.2.2 Basic properties Long-term hydrostatic strength 84 5 Manufactured pipe General Dimensions of pipe Average outside diameter Out-of-roundness Wall thickness Integral bell ends Squareness of pipe ends Pressure rating of pipe Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength of pipe Apparent tensile strength of pipe Quality control of pipe Flattening Extrusion Impact resistance of pipe Gasketed bell-end and self-restrained joints Gasketed bell-end joints Self-restrained joints Solvent-cemented joints Solvent cement Joining 86 6 Fittings Dimensions of fittings Threaded or solvent-weld joints Moulded gasketed IPS fittings Transition joints Mechanical joints Pressure rating of fittings Hydrostatic sustained pressure test for fittings Heat reversion in PVC moulded fittings Fabricated fittings Pressure rating Hydrostatic sustained pressure test Quality control 87 7 Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Flattening test for pipe Long-term hydrostatic strength test for solvent-cemented joints Quality control tests for fabricated fittings Spark test Lap shear test Tensile testing for self-restrained joints Failure criteria Test procedure 89 8 Markings Pipe Fittings 89 vii

6 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association General Fabricated fittings Solvent cements 89 A (informative) Standard practice for the installation of PVC pressure pipe and fittings Average outside diameters of PVC pipe 90 2 Out-of-roundness of PVC pipe 91 3 Wall thicknesses of IPS (SDR) PVC pipe 92 4 Wall thicknesses of IPS (schedule) PVC pipe 93 5 Wall thicknesses of IPS (DR) PVC pipe 93 6 Wall thicknesses of CI PVC pipe 94 7 Dimensions of solvent weld bell-end IPS PVC pipe 95 8 Pressure rating of schedule PVC pipe 96 9 Pressure rating of SDR PVC pipe Pressure rating of DR PVC pipe Short-term internal test pressure for gasketed bell-end joints Minimum impact requirements for PVC pipe at 0 C Physical properties of elastomeric gaskets for pressure pipe Minimum wall thicknesses of IPS series PVC fittings Pressure rating of schedule PVC fittings Pressure rating of IPS series PVC fittings Heat reversion exposure times for PVC moulded fittings 102 Figures 1 Lap shear test 102 B , Polyethylene (PE) piping systems for gas services 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations PE compounds and manufactured pipe, tubing, and fittings Compounds Pipe and tubing General Visual appearance Dimensions Performance requirements Fittings and connections General Dimensions Performance requirements Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests 124 viii

7 5.2 Single-point elevated temperature pressure test Leak test Pullout strength test In-plant quality assurance Compound quality evaluation Preliminary requirements Compound sampling Compound testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Pipe quality evaluation In-line monitoring Coiling parameters Pipe sampling and testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Shipping and storage Fittings Quality evaluation Fittings Sampling and testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Markings Pipe and tubing Fittings 129 A (informative) Long-term hydrostatic strength of plastic pipes 136 B (informative) Multipoint elevated temperature hydrostatic test 137 C (informative) Dimensional tolerances based on specified minimum wall thickness requirements for PE pipe and tubing 140 D (informative) Cell classifications 142 E (informative) Established coil diameters Tolerances for outside diameters of PE pipe for gas services Wall thicknesses of PE pipe for gas services Dimensional requirements of PE tubing for gas services PE pipe for gas services sampling and testing schedule Socket-fitting dimensions for PE tubing for gas services Socket-fitting dimensions for PE pipe for gas services Minimum pullout strength of compression and transition fittings used with PE pipe for gas services Coil lengths for PE pipe for gas services PE fitting sampling and testing schedule 135 B , Electrofusion-type polyethylene (PE) fittings for gas services 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Basic requirements 147 ix

8 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association 4.2 Materials Reworked material Heating mechanism Dimensions and tolerances Performance requirements General Pressure testing Short-term rupture strength Hydrostatic pressure Single-point elevated temperature pressure Tensile strength Socket-type joints only Impact resistance Saddle-type joints only Joint crush Socket- and saddle-type joints Test methods Conditioning Preparation of specimens for testing Pipe replacement Joint crush test Tensile strength test In-plant quality assurance General Fitting tests Markings Fitting sampling and testing schedule 152 Figures 1 Preparation and position of the specimen for the joint crush test Specimen position after the joint crush test Preparation of a saddle specimen for the joint crush test Saddle fitting position before and after the joint crush test 155 B , Crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing systems for pressure applications 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Basic requirements Materials Tubing Metal components of mechanical fittings Plastic fittings and components Reworked material Interior liner 160 x

9 5 Detailed requirements Dimensions Tubing Mechanical- and compression-type fittings Insert fittings Transition fittings Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Thermocycling test Density Environmental stress cracking Degree of crosslinking Stabilizer functionality Bent-tube hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Excessive temperature and pressure capability Test methods Conditioning Test conditions Density Environmental stress cracking test Degree of crosslinking Stabilizer functionality Bent-tube hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Hot bending Cold bending Excessive temperature and pressure capability of tubing and fittings Hydrostatic sustained pressure test of tubing and fittings Additional tests for tubing manufactured using reworked material General Long-term hydrostatic strength Temperature and pressure capability Environmental stress cracking Additional certification requirements of tubing manufactured using reworked material Markings Tubing Fittings Packaging Flexible pre-insulated tubing 165 A (informative) Standard hydrostatic design stress information Crosslinking processes for materials used to produce PEX tubing Outside diameters and tolerances for PEX tubing Wall thicknesses and tolerances for PEX tubing Coil dimensions for PEX tubing Fitting insert dimensions and tolerances Crimping ring dimensions* before crimping Crimping ring dimensions after crimping Stepless one-ear clamp dimensions Minimum hydrostatic sustained pressure requirements for PEX tubing and fitting assemblies 171 xi

10 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association Figures 1 Test specimen for environmental stress cracking test 172 B , Chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) pipe, tubing, and fittings for hot- and cold-water distribution systems 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Basic requirements Materials Manufactured pipe, tubing, and fittings Dimensions of pipe and tubing Diameter, out-of-roundness, and wall thickness Length Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Fittings Socket-type fittings CPVC-to-metal transition fittings Mechanical fittings Solvent cement Quality assurance Test methods Hydrostatic pressure test of pipe and tubing Sustained hydrostatic pressure test Short-term hydrostatic pressure test Apparatus Sampling and specimen preparation Test procedure Markings Pipe and tubing Fittings Solvent cement 186 A (informative) Standard practice for the installation of CPVC piping for hot- and cold-water distribution systems Dimensions of CPVC tubing Dimensions of CPVC pipe Minimum coil inside diameters for coiled CPVC tubing Dimensions for CPVC socket-type fittings for tubing Dimensions for CPVC socket-type fittings for pipe Laying lengths for CPVC socket-type fittings 192 xii

11 7 Minimum hydrostatic short-term pressure requirements for CPVC pipe, tubing, and fitting assemblies 193 Figures 1 Dimensions for CPVC socket-type reducer bushings 193 B , Polybutylene (PB) piping systems for pressure applications 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Basic requirements Material General Basic short-term properties Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Plastic components of mechanical fittings Metal components Metal components of mechanical fittings Metal valves Toxicity Carbon black Oxygen barrier Detailed requirements Dimensions Pipe and tubing Socket-type fittings Plastic-to-metal transition fittings and compression-type fittings Insert-type fittings Hydrostatic burst strength Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Thermocycling of fittings Steel clamps Excessive temperature and pressure capability Test methods Conditioning Hydrostatic sustained pressure test for pipe Thermocycling test for fittings Apparatus Specimen preparation Test procedure Hydrostatic burst strength test General Assembly Procedure Failure criteria Hydrostatic sustained pressure test of fitting assemblies Excessive temperature and pressure capability 220 xiii

12 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association Test conditions Failure criteria Markings Pipe and tubing PB fittings Plastic-to-metal transition fittings and compression-type fittings Insert-type fittings 221 A (informative) Hydrostatic design stress 230 B (informative) Design, assembly, and installation considerations for PB piping 231 C (informative) Recommended performance qualification and in-plant quality control program for PB hot- and cold-water distribution system components Dimensions of PB pipe Dimensions of PB tubing Dimensions of socket-fusion fittings for PB pipe Dimensions for socket-fusion fittings for PB tubing Dimensions for coiling PB pipe and tubing Minimum dimensions from centre to end of socket (laying length) of PB socket-fusion tees and 90 elbows for pipe Minimum dimensions from centre to end of socket (laying length) of PB socket-fusion tees and 90 elbows for tubing Dimensions of insert-type fittings Crimping ring dimensions before crimping Crimping ring dimensions after crimping Excessive temperature and pressure requirement for PB 21 SDR 11 tubing and fitting assemblies Minimum hydrostatic burst strength for PB component joints 229 B , Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) composite pressure-pipe systems 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Constituent materials Basic requirements Aluminum metal Thermoplastic PE compound Melt adhesive Detailed requirements Dimensions of pipe Outside diameter Pipe wall thickness PE tube thickness Supplied length of pipe 243 xiv

13 5.2 Adhesion test Apparent tensile strength of pipe ring Burst pressure Sustained pressure strength Thermocycling Fittings Test methods General Sampling Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Dimensions and tolerances Specimens Outside diameter Wall thickness Outer PE tube thickness Specimen preparation Thickness determination Adhesion test Cutting the spiral Examining for delamination Ring strength test Specimen size and shape Test procedure Burst pressure test Pipe specimens Temperature control Test procedure Thermocycling Markings 246 A (informative) Hydrostatic design stress 251 B (informative) Assembly and installation considerations Outside diameters, aluminum thicknesses, and tolerances for PE-AL-PE composite pipe Wall thicknesses and tolerances for PE-AL-PE composite pipe Minimum pipe ring strengths and burst pressures of PE-AL-PE composite pipe 247 Figures 1 Position for thickness measurement of outer tube of PE at the aluminum weld Sketch of the spiral cutter for the adhesion test Spiral-cut pipe for the adhesion test Detection of delamination (adhesion test) Schematic presentation of the pipe ring-strength test (showing the aluminum weld at 90 to the tensile axis) 250 xv

14 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association B , Crosslinked polyethylene/aluminum/ crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) composite pressure-pipe systems 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Constituent materials General Basic requirements Aluminum metal Thermoplastic crosslinked PE Melt adhesive O-rings Metal components of mechanical fittings Detailed requirements Dimensions of pipe Outside diameter Pipe wall thickness Crosslinked polyethylene tube thickness Supplied length of pipe Adhesion test Apparent tensile strength of pipe ring Gel content requirement Burst pressure Sustained pressure strength Thermocycling Fittings General Water contact Metallic fittings Plastic fittings Hydrostatic sustained pressure test Threads Solder-joint ends Hydrostatic burst test Thermocycling of fittings Excessive temperature and pressure capability for fittings Insert-type fittings Test methods General Sampling Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Dimensions and tolerances Specimens Outside diameter Wall thickness Outer crosslinked PE tube thickness Specimen preparation 262 xvi

15 6.6.2 Thickness determination Adhesion test Cutting the spiral Examining for delamination Ring strength test Specimen size and shape Test procedure Gel content determination Specimen preparation Test method Burst pressure test Pipe specimens Temperature control Test procedure Thermocycling Pipe-end protection Excessive temperature and pressure capability Hydrostatic sustained pressure test of fitting assemblies Hydrostatic burst test of fitting assemblies Markings 264 A (informative) Hydrostatic design stress 270 B (informative) Assembly and installation considerations Outside diameters, aluminum thicknesses, and tolerances for PEX-AL-PEX composite pipe Wall thicknesses and tolerances for PEX-AL-PEX composite pipe Minimum pipe ring strengths and burst pressure of PEX-AL-PEX composite pipe Hydrostatic burst pressure for insert-type fitting assemblies 266 Figures 1 Position for thickness measurement of outer tube of crosslinked polyethylene at the aluminum weld Sketch of the spiral cutter for the adhesion test Spiral-cut pipe for the adhesion test Detection of delamination (adhesion test) Schematic presentation of the pipe ring-strength test (showing the aluminum weld at 90 to the tensile axis) 269 B , Polypropylene (PP-R) pipe and fittings for pressure applications 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations General Basic requirements Compound Properties 277 xvii

16 B137 Series-05 Canadian Standards Association Source Long-term hydrostatic strength Pipe General Dimensions Pressure rating of pipe Hydrostatic sustained pressure strength Heat reversion Apparent tensile strength Impact resistance of pipe Fittings Dimensions Hydrostatic sustained pressure test Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Heat reversion Preparation of specimens Test procedure Calculation Impact resistance of pipe Preparation of test specimens Test procedure Markings Pipe Fittings 280 A (informative) Standard installation practices for polypropylene (PP-R) pressure-pipe systems Dimensions of PP-R pipe SDR 5 and Pressure rating of PP-R pipe Socket fitting dimensions 281 Figures 1 Impact resistance test specimen 282 B , Polyamide (PA) piping systems for gas services 1 Scope Reference publications Definitions and abbreviations PA compound and manufactured pipe, tubing, and fittings Compounds Pipe and tubing 290 xviii

17 4.2.1 General Visual appearance Dimensions Performance requirements Fittings and connections General Dimensions Performance requirements Test methods General Conditioning Conditions for conducting tests Single-point elevated temperature pressure test Leak test Pullout strength test In-plant quality assurance Compound quality evaluation Preliminary requirements Compound sampling Compound testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Pipe quality evaluation In-line monitoring Coiling parameters Pipe sampling and testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Shipping and storage Fittings Quality evaluation Fittings Sampling and testing Acceptance/rejection criteria Markings Pipe and tubing Fittings Tolerances for outside diameters of PA pipe Wall thicknesses of PA pipe Dimensional requirements of PA tubing Socket-fitting dimensions for PA tubing Socket-fitting dimensions for PA pipe Minimum pullout strength of compression and transition fittings used with PA pipe Coil length for PA pipe PA pipe sampling and testing schedule Fitting sampling and testing schedule 305 xix