VAPOR INTRUSION MITIGATION SOLUTIONS FOR BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT. Jordan Kleine, MPA Southeast US District Manager

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1 VAPOR INTRUSION MITIGATION SOLUTIONS FOR BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT Jordan Kleine, MPA Southeast US District Manager

2 OVERVIEW Land Science Technologies develops vapor intrusion mitigation solutions that protect people and invigorate renewal of contaminated properties. We leverage our industry expertise to assist clients develop site specific solutions that are technically sound and cost-effective.

3 TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION Why Mitigate Vapor Intrusion? Vapor Mitigation Solutions VMS Installation Process VMS Projects in the Southeast

4 WHY MITIGATE VAPOR INTRUSION? 1. Remediation alone may not protect VI risk Levels might not be obtainable, cost, time constraints

5 WHY MITIGATE VAPOR INTRUSION 2. VI regulations are rapidly changing Re-opening of sites, levels are decreasing, nets are widening, USEPA update is a game changer, Proposed rule adding VI to scoring system for Superfund sites

6 2004 VI REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

7 CURRENT REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

8 WHY MITIGATE VAPOR INTRUSION? 3. Protect your/your client s investment loss of financing, loss of property value, prevention of use

9 WHY MITIGATE VAPOR INTRUSION? 4. Avoid future legal liability VI is driving lawsuits, due care expectation, toxic tort lawsuits, pre-emptive mitigation

10 WHAT TO DO? Collect enough data to prove there is no longer a vapor intrusion risk Time Money No Guarantees OR Pre-emptively mitigate Forgo extensive data collection Fast-track redevelopment

11 LST CLIENTS

12 COMMON VI MITIGATION OPTIONS Active venting or SSDS Passive venting Barriers used for Vapor Intrusion Mitigation

13 ACTIVE VENTING OR SSDS Benefits Mechanical Removal of vapors Verifiability Real-time monitoring available Max protection when combined with vapor intrusion barrier Limitations Long-term O&M Air permits may be required Engineering Considerations Risk of mechanical failure, blackout, turned off

14 PASSIVE VENTING SYSTEMS Benefits Equalizes pressure differential No long term O&M Can activate in the future if needed Utilized with a vapor intrusion barrier Limitations High levels may dictate SSDS

15 PASSIVE OR ACTIVE VENTILATION WITH VAPOR INTRUSION BARRIER

16 VAPOR INTRUSION BARRIERS Considerations Blocks VI pathway Often utilized with a passive or active vent system Not all barriers created equal

17 IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS IN VI BARRIER SELECTION Chemical Resistance Constructability Quality Control Cost

18 MOISTURE BARRIERS Benefits Inexpensive Anyone can install it Limitations Vapor Tightness Susceptibility to Damage Not warranted for VI Not recommended by EPA for Vapor Intrusion

19 VAPOR INTRUSION BARRIER MINIMUM THICKNESS RECOMMENDATIONS USEPA mil NJDEP - 40 mil MASS mil ILEPA - 60 mil CA DTSC 60 mil ITRC mil

20 HDPE GEOMEMBRANES Benefits Great chemical resistance Durable Long history in landfill applications Limitations Batten and welded systems are labor intensive Limited quality control

21 SPRAY-APPLIED ASPHALT LATEX MEMBRANES Benefits Solves construction limitations of HDPE membranes Common for methane mitigation Limitations VOC s can attack unprotected asphalt/latex

22 COMPOSITE MEMBRANES Benefits Blends HDPE and spray membranes Highly constructible and chemically resistant 1 st US Patent Regulatory Agency approval Limitations Concrete protection needed

23 VAPOR INTRUSION COATING Application: Existing Buildings Considerations: Chemical Resistance Any VOCs in Formulation Wearing Surface

24 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE GEO-SEAL v. ASPHALT LATEX Diffusion Coefficient: 685X lower diffusivity Permeation: 18X less permeable Weight Gain: 5X more resistant to weight gain

25 RETRO-COAT CHEMICAL RESISTANCE Calculated Diffusion Rates* PCE: 7.5x10-14 m 2 /s TCE: 8.3x10-14 m 2 /s Benzene: 3.0x10-15 m 2 /s Test demonstrates greater than 4.5 orders of magnitude reduction in contaminant vapor concentrations * Diffusion results are specific to the methodology used

26 VMS INSTALLATION FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION

27 VAPOR-VENT LAYOUT

28 TYPICAL VENT LAYOUT

29 VAPOR-VENT CONNECTIONS

30 GEO-SEAL BASE INSTALLATION

31 SEAM GEO-SEAL BASE

32 EFFECTIVELY SEAL PENETRATIONS

33 PERIMETER TERMINATION

34 GEO-SEAL BOND INSTALLATION

35 PLACEMENT OF CONCRETE

36 QA/QC MEASURES Certified applicator network Inspector training & certification Thickness verification Smoke testing Visual inspection

37 SMOKE TESTING

38 DESIGN ASSISTANCE CAD library Custom CAD drawings LST provide plan review

39 WARRANTY OPTIONS Material Warranty Warrants the integrity of the material OR System Warranty Warrants the integrity of the material and the workmanship of the installer *Provided on a job specific basis and requested prior to installation

40 EXISTING BUILDINGS

41 OPTIONS FOR MITIGATING EXISTING BUILDINGS ACTIVE VENTING (SSDS) VAPOR INTRUSION BARRIER + CONCRETE PROTECTION

42 NEW TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT R&D evaluated over 1,000 combinations of resin, sealant, hardener formulations First coating designed to mitigate existing building vapor intrusion Chemically resistant PCE, TCE, benzene Wearing Surface Forklift Traffic Contains no VOCs

43 VI COATINGS INSTALLATION PROCESS Certified Applicator Network of Coating Specialists Prepare surface (shot blasting, diamond grinding) Treat cracks, expansion joints, concrete repair Apply 6 mil primer (based on Moisture Test) Apply 20 mil of VI Coating (for chemical resistance)

44 VMS PROJECTS IN THE SOUTHEAST New Construction Raleigh, NC Birmingham, AL Atlanta, GA Existing Structure Athens, GA

45 FORMER GAS STATION - RALEIGH, NC New Office Building 5,600 sf NCDEQ Brownfield Program Required Robust Barrier + Passive Venting plus ability to go active if necessary

46 NEW STUDENT HOUSING - RALEIGH, NC 30,000 sf Chloroform, TCE, naphthalene in GW Sub-slab sampling revealed VI concerns NCDEQ Brownfield Agreement Required Robust Barrier + Passive Venting with ability to go active if necessary

47 NEW BANK - BIRMINGHAM, AL 3,600 sf ADEM placed environmental covenant on property Chlorinated Solvent Contamination & Adjacent Gas Station Required barrier for any new construction Initially considered simple asphalt-latex Passive venting

48 MIXED-USE CONDOS ATLANTA, GA First level: Risk-Averse coffee shop & offices 20 year Material Warranty 8,000 sf Chlorinated Solvent Contamination Passive venting + Composite VIB

49 FORMER DRY CLEANER ATHENS, GA New Retail Store 10,000 Didn t want to tear up existing or have to pour new slab High levels CVOCs in GW & Soil Gas Sampling Moisture Concerns VI Coating System to fulfill requirements of GA EPD Brownfield Program

50 SURFACE PREPARATION

51 RETRO-COAT PRIMER MV

52 FINAL VI COATING APPLICATION

53 RETRO-COAT COLORS AND FINISHES

54 LST INSTALLATIONS

55 IN CONCLUSION Pre-emptive mitigation gaining traction VI Mitigation helps manage long term liability and protect investments Chemical resistance, constructability & quality control measures are each important considerations when evaluating VI mitigation technologies

56 Jordan Kleine (470)