BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION

Transcription

1 BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION June 3, 2015 Wendy Morrison, AScT, BCQ Fire Science and Engineering Granville Street Vancouver, BC V6C 1T2 Phone Fax

2 Copyright and Limitations This presentation is conceptual and for educational purposes only. GHL takes no responsibility for application of any concepts or interpretations in this presentation to specific projects unless specifically retained for that project. This presentation is intended to be presented by GHL and these slides must not be considered complete or exhaustive. This presentation is a copyright of GHL Consultants Ltd and all rights are reserved. 2

3 GHL s Role To know and understand the Code. Toknowandunderstandthefiresciencebehindthe Code. To assist in correct application of the Code. To develop new solutions based on fire science to enable creative safe buildings. To understand the needs of the client and of the Authorities and first responders. 3

4 GHL Team 7 Engineers, 4 with Master s degrees in fire science. 4 Certified Professionals (CPs). 1 Architect. 2 former Building Officials. 3 Building Code Qualified (BCQ). 1 Architectural Technologist. 4

5 Building Code Committee Work CP Committee (David Graham) APEG Building Code Committee (John Buscemi) BC Appeal Board (Frankie Victor) City Vancouver Appeal Board (Teddy Lai) BC Building Code Interpretation Committee (Teddy Lai) 5

6 What is a Building Code? It is a consensus document: It regulates construction of buildings. Traditionally written by NRCC. The province adopts it on the public s behalf. Code measures are public interest decisions. VBBL 2014 based on BCBC

7 Code Approach To Risks Buildings are subject to risks: Code compliance no risk. Code compliance = risks at acceptable level. Failure will occur: Limit it to an acceptable level. 7

8 Objective Based Code 2006 and 2012 Codes are objective based rather than prescriptive based a fundamental change from previous editions. Prescriptive Code says how you must do it. Exception is an equivalency. Objective Establishes function and objectives. Prescriptive requirement is only 1 option (acceptable solution). An alternative solution may be proposed provided it satisfies the level of performance attributed to the acceptable solution. 8

9 Alternative Solutions Article Compliance with the Code shall be achieved by: a) Complying with the applicable acceptable solutions in Division B; OR b) Using alternative solutions that will achieve at least the minimum level of performance required by Division B in the areas defined by the objectives and functional statements attributed to the applicable acceptable solutions. 9

10 Acceptable Solutions DIVISION A, PART 1, SUBSECTION APPLICATION OF THIS CODE Article Application of this Code 1) This Code applies to any one or more of the following: o) the alteration, rehabilitation and change of occupancy of heritage buildings. 5) The Alternate Compliance Methods for Heritage Buildings in Table A (1) in Appendix A may be substituted for requirements contained elsewhere in this Code. Article Application to Existing Buildings 1) Where a building is altered, rehabilitated, renovated or repaired, or there is a change in occupancy, the level of life safety and building performance shall not be decreased below a level that already exists. (See Appendix A.) Appendix A, Article Application of this Code The use of the Alternate Compliance Methods in Table A (1) is not mandatory, and an owner may choose: to apply acceptable solutions in Division B, to apply alternate solutions under Clause ( 1)(b), to apply alternate compliance methods in Table A , or to combine these options. 10

11 Acceptable Solutions Table A (1) Alternate Compliance Methods for Heritage Buildings No. Code Requirement in Division B Alternate Compliance Method 1 Fire Separations Sentence (1) and Table of Division B, Subsection of Division B 2 h fire separation required between some major occupancies. Except for F1 occupancies, 1 h fire separation is acceptable, provided the building is sprinklered. 11

12 Part 9 Small buildings: 3 storeys in height 600m² building area building area = greatest horizontal area above grade, e.g. footprint or shadow cast. Excludes assembly (Group A), care/treatment/detention (Group B), high hazard industrial (Group F 1) occupancies. Generally unsprinklered by Code. 12

13 Part 3 > 600m² building area and/or 3 storeys in building height. All occupancies including assembly (Group A) and care/treatment/detention (Group B). Generally, sprinkler systems required by Code. 13

14 Occupancies (3.1.2, 3.1.3) GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D GROUP E GROUP F Assembly Division 1 = theatre Division 2 = restaurant, pub, daycare, yoga/fitness studio Division 3 = arena Care/Detention Division 1 = jail Division 2 = hospital Division 3 = care facility Residential = dwelling, hotel Business and Personal Service = office, doctor/dentist, barber, bank, yoga/ fitness studio Mercantile/Retail = stores, shops, showrooms Industrial Division 1 = Heavy Division 2 = Medium Division 3 = Light See descriptions at Division B, A (1) 14

15 Major Occupancy vs Suite Occupancy based on type Group A, B, C, D, etc. Occupancy may include multiple suites of same type. Occupancies must be separated per Article Occupancy fire separations will vary 0h to 2h fire. Suite separations will apply in addition to occupancy separations. 15

16 Major Occupancy vs Suite Suite based on tenancy. Within one suite, may be various ancillary occupancies. Ancillary occupancies must be under the care and control of the same tenant. [e.g. gift shop in hospital; amenity room in residential; Starbucks in Chapters See Appendix A, A (1) Suite]. Suite fire separations per Article

17 Ancillary Occupancies Midas Muffler Office Office Office Hotel Suites Hotel Suites Hotel Suites Lounge Pool Spa Office Office Office Office Office Fitness 17

18 Occupancy Prohibitions Apartment C Auto Body Shop F1 Nightclub A2 18

19 TOPICS Part A BCBC 2012: Overview of Relevant / Key Changes to Division B, Part 3, BCBC 2006 and and Subsequent Revisions to BCBC 2012 Part B BCBC 2012: Select issues from Section 3.8 "Building Requirements for Persons with Disabilities" Part C Part D BCBC 2012: Provisions for Combustible Interior Finish Summary 19

20 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes ERRATA AND REVISIONS 20

21 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes ERRATA AND REVISIONS 21 and revisions.aspx?vid=qplegaleze:bccodes_2012_view

22 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes DEFINITIONS IN DIVISION A, SENTENCE (1) Distillery / Distilled Beverage Alcohol process plant where distilled beverage alcohols are produced, concentrated, or processed with facilities where concentrated products are blended, mixed, stored or packaged. beverage alcohol is produced by fermentation and contains more than 20% by volume of water miscible alcohol. These definitions were added to clarify that breweries and wineries are not high hazard industrial occupancies. 22

23 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Fire Block a material, component or system that restricts the spread of fire (within a concealed space or from a concealed space to an adjacent space). Fire blocks are typically provided to isolate concealed spaces. 23

24 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Fire Stop a system consisting of elements used to fill gaps between fire separations, between fire separations and other assemblies, or at penetrations of fire separations. Fire stops typically provided at penetrations. 24

25 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Article Group A Division 2, Low Occupant Load Assembly occupancy suite with occupant load less than 30 can be considered Group D use. Unsprinklered building = 1h fire separation from remainder of building. Sprinklered building = 0h fire separation. Impact on approach to calculating occupant load and number of water closets required e.g. coffee shop, yoga studio. 25

26 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Anticipated change in next edition of BCBC. Based on accepted change to NBC 2015 (not yet adopted) to address current interpretation of Article (7) Factory Assembled Panels with Foamed Plastic Insulation. 26

27 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Article (7) use of factory assembled nonloadbearing interior wall or ceiling panels containing foamed plastic insulation Prohibits use of panels in noncombustible buildings with Group A 2, B, or C major occupancy. Effectively bans use of walk in cooler and freezer if AHJ interprets these to be building components rather than fixtures. 27

28 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Wording of change to NBC 2015 testing of fixture to specific standard necessary 28

29 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Article Sentences 3 and 4 added. Addresses confusion with openings when fire resistance rating provided through membrane only and reliance on Appendix D. Use of 2 specific rated assemblies from Part 9 table A B permitted assembly consists of membrane and supporting members. Penetrations to be addressed as per Subsection

30 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Table A B 30

31 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Table Combustible Interior Finish in High Buildings Added provisions for Elevator Vestibules (when vestibules are required by the Code e.g. multi storey interconnected floor spaces ). New provisions for flame spread rating and smoke developed classification limits within elevator cars e.g. FSR 75/SDC 450 at walls and ceilings; FSR 300/SDC 450 at floors. 31

32 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (2) Fire Alarm Annunciator and Zone Identification Added separate zone requirement for fire extinguishing system required by NFPA 96 (commercial kitchens). 32

33 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (1) Manual Pull Stations Clarifies that pull stations required at exits only not at every door that leads to the exterior from a floor area. Clause (e) "every other egress facility that has been designed and identified as an exit and has all the features of a required exit" 33

34 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (2) Egress Doorways When 2 egress doorways are required to serve a room or suite (e.g. Group D suite >200m2) the egress doors must be separated by a distance = at least 1/3 of the greatest diagonal of the room or suite. 34

35 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (2) Egress Doorways The distance between egress doors is to be measured on a path that smoke would move Fire separations (floor to underside of floor slab above) can be used to increase this distance. 35

36 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (2) Egress Doorways 36

37 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Requirement for exit doors to be separated by a distance of at least 1/2 the greatest diagonal of the floor area (min 9m) remains Article

38 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Alternately max distance between exits 9m if public corridor provided Article

39 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Article Daycare Facilities Confirms that daycare facilities are assembly occupancy, Group A, Division 2, and not Group B treatment or care occupancy. Provides specific building or suite design criteria if daycare facility accommodates children under the age of 30 months. 39

40 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Subsection Design of Hazardous Areas BCBC now includes provisions for floor areas used for the storage, handling, use, and processing of dangerous goods, including flammable and combustible liquids. Relies on Fire Code to determine classification of substances to apply provisions in Subsection

41 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Article Headroom Clearance Minimum headroom in exits reduced to 2050mm from 2100mm. Measured from the tread surface or landing nosing to closest point above. 41

42 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Subsection Exit Signs Green Running Man now the Code requirement. Provisions for photo luminescent signs. 42

43 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Subsection Exit Signs In existing buildings, use of red signs typically recommended to maintain continuity throughout building If the proposed scope of work is such that it is practical to replace all exit signs within a building, upgrade to green signs may be requested by AHJ. 43

44 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (3) Landing may not be required at exterior stair Landing not required at the bottom of an exterior stair or ramp when there is no gate, door, or fixed obstruction within 1100mm or a distance equal to the width of the stair or ramp. 44

45 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (7) Handrails Height of handrails may be more than 965mm at landings; maximum height at landings 1070mm This change allows for better detailing of continuous handrails landings between flights. 45

46 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Sentence (7) Handrails 46

47 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Subsection Plumbing Facilities Waterless Urinals permitted in buildings with a water supply Sentence (2). 47

48 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Subsection Plumbing Facilities Sentence (4) ONLY applies if design includes 1 universal toilet room If multiple universal toilet rooms provided, Sentence (4) is not applicable. 48

49 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Occupant Load = Universal Toilet Room = 10 occupants 90 occupants divided 45 male, 45 female Group A 2 = 1 male WC and 2 female WCs Total fixtures = 4 2 Universal Toilet Rooms 100 occupants divided 50 male, 50 female Group A 2 = 1 male WC and 2 female WCs Total fixtures = 3 49

50 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Subsection Plumbing Facilities Sentences (10) (11) Accessible Baths and Showers include changes to grab bar design Among other changes, now specifically refer to L shaped grab bars. 50

51 A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes Article Counters Clarifies that accessible design only required at counters which serve the public and are intended as a work surface for extended business transactions. e.g. Insurance agencies, hospital admitting desks. 51

52 A. BCBC 2012: Resources Province of BC has an Appeal Process: appeal board meets monthly; applications must be submitted 1 month prior to meeting. Previous Appeals and decisions are available on line. Search by Code reference or topic keyword. 52

53 A. BCBC 2012: Resources BC Building Code Interpretation Committee: members from AIBC, Building Officials Association of BC; Plumbing Officials Association of BC, City of Vancouver, and APEG meet monthly to review and provide written interpretations to clarify Code. Application information and previous decisions can be found by indexes on BOABC website under Codes & Regulations tab. ations.html 53

54 A. BCBC 2012: Resources GHL Website. Library Tab: presentations, technical, illustrations, newsletter Topic specific information Links to other sites. 54

55 A. BCBC 2012: Resources 55

56 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Article Subsection 3.8.2: Applies to new buildings Applies to all storeys of new construction and new construction portions (additions). 56

57 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Article Subsection Exemptions: Subsection does not need to be applied to Retail shops with retail floor area <50m 2. Subsection does not need to be applied to Group C occupancies except as described in Article

58 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Article Subsection not applicable at storeys above or below accessible storey in 2 storey building or suite, if: exempt storey <600m 2. exempt storey does not include facilities integral to the principal function of the accessible storey. exempt storey does not contain an assembly occupancy >100m 2. 58

59 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Sentence (1) General requirements for all applicable buildings: Access from street (and off street parking) to main entrance. Access to all areas where work functions can reasonably be expected to be performed by persons with disabilities. 59

60 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Sentence (1) General requirements for all applicable buildings: Access to accessible washrooms. In unsprinklered buildings, egress per Article options include: at grade exit ramps. floor area divided into 2 zones. residential balcony. 60

61 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Sentence (2) General requirements for all applicable buildings: At least one Universal Toilet Room in each building (if location of UTR such that not available to all suites; provide UTR to serve cut off suites). 61

62 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Sentence (2) General requirements for all applicable buildings: If building or suite occupant load >150, other public washrooms within building or suite to include at least 1 of each type of fixture provided designed to be accessible. e.g. sink, toilet, urinal, hand dryer, mirror, etc. 62

63 B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access Apply use and occupancy specific requirements per Articles through In some cases, use and occupancy specific requirements waive general requirements in Article Example see Article Schools and Colleges (Sentence (1) waived). Example see Article Jails (accessibility waived except at main entry and visitor areas). 63

64 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Construction (combustible / noncombustible). High building / sprinklered. Determine what is permitted. Determine what flame spread ratings are required. 64

65 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Heavy Timber = COMBUSTIBLE. Fire Retardant Treated Wood = COMBUSTIBLE. Wood generally flame spread rating (FSR) 150. Fire Retardant Treated Wood generally FSR 25. Fire Retardant Treated Wood CAN/CSA 080 (see Article ). 65

66 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Combustible construction Subsection Combustible interior wall and ceiling finish permitted. No restrictions on thickness or percentage. Foamed plastic to be protected (see Article ). Flame spread ratings per Subsection

67 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Noncombustible construction Subsection Combustible blocking and nailing elements OK. Combustible millwork OK (described in Article ). Combustible flooring OK. Combustible raised flooring OK (described in Article ). Flame spread ratings per Subsection

68 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Noncombustible construction Subsection Combustible interior wall and ceiling finish OK. Cannot exceed 25mm thickness. Cannot exceed FSR 150 at walls (see Sentence (2)). Cannot exceed FSR 25 at ceilings (see Sentence (3)). Further flame spread ratings per Subsection

69 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Interior Finish Subsection Defined as any material that forms part of the interior surface of a floor, wall, partition, or ceiling Doors. Windows. Trim. Lighting elements at ceiling finish (light diffusers / lenses; may apply to fixtures if flush with ceiling). Carpet intended as the finished floor. 69

70 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Flame Spread Ratings Subsection FSR determined per testing to CAN/ULC S102. FSR determined per Appendix D listings (see D 3.1). Paint/wallpaper over wood = FSR 150. Paint/wallpaper over gwb = FSR

71 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish 71

72 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish 72

73 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Flame Spread Ratings Subsection Sprinklered Buildings: Walls = FSR 150. Ceilings = FSR 150. Sentence (3) at noncombustible construction. Light Diffusers = FSR 250. (when tested as described in Article ) Group A 1 Light Diffusers = FSR

74 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Flame Spread Ratings Subsection Unsprinklered Buildings: Walls = FSR 150. Group A 1 and Group B walls = FSR 75. Ceilings = FSR 150. Group A 1 and Group B ceilings = FSR 75. Sentence (3) at noncombustible construction. Light Diffusers = FSR 250. (when tested as described in Article ) Group A 1 Light Diffusers = FSR

75 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Flame Spread Ratings Subsection All Buildings: Exits = FSR 25. Up to 10% of wall or ceiling area may be FSR 150. Exit lobbies = FSR 25. Up to 10% of ceiling area may be FSR 150. Up to 25% of wall area may be FSR 150. Doors = FSR 200. Group A 1 doors = FSR 150. Doors within dwelling units N/A. Bathrooms in dwelling units = FSR

76 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Article High Buildings Sprinklered Building: Applies only at Group B major occupancy. Applies in Elevator Cars. Limits FSR of floor surface. Adds Smoke Developed Classification to wall, ceiling, floor finish (testing to CAN/ULC S102). See Table

77 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish Article High Buildings Unsprinklered Building: Applies to buildings under Subsection Limits interior finish ratings at walls, ceilings, floors, elevator cars, and elevator vestibules Adds Smoke Developed Classification through testing to CAN/ULC S102. See Table

78 C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish 78

79 D. Summary - BCBC Maintain Code with updates revisions and errata to stay abreast with Code changes as they occur. Province plans to issue updates annually December 20 of every year. 79

80 D. Summary - BCBC Use available resources in support of your interpretation of the Code. Request a formal interpretation of a disputed code item. BC Building Code Interpretation Committee interpretations not binding, may not be accepted by AHJ. 80

81 D. Summary - BCBC A previous BC Appeal Board decision which addresses your dispute will generally be accepted; Appeals are binding. Request a formal Appeal of code dispute with an AHJ 81

82 D. Summary - BCBC Accessibility to be provided to new construction as described in Subsection may be waived depending on size and occupancy. Accessible design criteria as described in Subsection Additional requirements found in Sentences (10) for doors and (12) for vestibules. 82

83 Questions? 83

84 Thank you Granville Street Vancouver, BC V6C 1T2 Phone Fax Web 84