South Asian Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol.3, No.7 (2017) 46-52

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1 ISSN No: EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY WOOD ASH AND FINE AGGREGATE BY WOOD POWDER. K.V.BOOBALA KRISHNAN, N.VIGNESH, S.KULANDHAI ANTONY CRUZ,MANDIRA ADHIKARI, N.PAGUTHARIVU *Corresponding Author: K.V.BOOBALA KRISHNAN Department of Civil Engineering Dr.N.G.P Institute of Technology, Coimbatore-48 Received: 05/01/2017, Revised: 16/02/2017 and Accepted: 01/04/2017 Abstract This paper describes about an experimental investigation conducted to study the behavior and strength of concrete by replacing cement with wood ash and fine aggregate with wood powder. Use of wood ash and wood powder in concrete is an interesting possibility for economy on conservation of natural resources. Cement is partially replaced by 5% of Wood Ash and Fine aggregate is partially replaced by 5%,10% and 15% of wood powder. The replacement of fine aggregate by wooden powder in concrete makes the structure light in weight. The basic test was carried out in laboratory for various materials such as Wood powder, Coarse aggregate and Fine aggregate. The basic test includes Specific gravity test on Wood powder, Fine aggregate and Coarse aggregate. Crushing strength test and Water absorption test on Coarse aggregate. Mix Design for M25 grade concrete is prepared and workability test was carried out. Test for harden concrete is carried out by Compressive strength, Split tensile strength and Flexural strength on Cubes, Cylinders and prisms are carried out for 7 days, 14 days and 28 days strength Ishitv Technologies LLP All rights reserved. Keywords: Copper Oxide, Sol-gel route; XRD; SEM with EDAX; Relative humuditity response 1. Introduction 1.1GENERAL Concrete is the most widely used construction material has several desirable properties like high compressive strength, stiffness and durability under usual environmental factors. The basic ingredients of concrete are Cement Sand Coarse aggregate Water 46

2 Now a days concrete is being used for wide varieties of purpose to make it suitable in different conditions. In these conditions ordinary concrete may fail to exhibit the required quality performance or durability. In such cases, partial replacement of some other waste materials is used to modify the properties of concrete so as to make it more suitable for any situation. Since the cost of cement and sand have increased due to increased cost of production and or increased demand, there is an urgent need to replace them partially by cheaper material. Admixture is defined as a material, other than cement, water, aggregates, that is used as an ingredient of concrete before or during mixing. It is used to modify the properties of ordinary concrete to make it suitable for any situation. It will be slightly difficult to predict the effect and the results of using admixtures because the change in the brand of cement, aggregate grading, mix proportions and richness of mix alter the properties of concrete. Sometimes, they affect the desirable properties adversely. More than one admixture is also used in the same mix to get more advantageous properties. Admixtures can be used to improve the concrete properties either in the handling process or consolidation of fresh concrete, in the performance of concrete both in fresh and hardened stages and even for economy in the cost of construction. Almost every property of concrete can be modified to some extent. However, the effectiveness of an admixture in a concrete mix depends on type and amount of cement, temperature of concrete, etc. 1.2 MATERIALS USED: 1. Cement: In this experiment 53 grade ordinary Portland cement is used. The testing of cement is done as per IS code. The specific gravity of cement is Fine aggregate The river sand is used in combination as fine aggregate conforming to the requirements of IS: 383. The river sand is washed and screens, to eliminate deleterious materials and oversize particles. Those fractions from4.75mm to 150microns are termed as fine aggregate. The specific gravity of fine aggregate is The fine aggregate is used which passes through the 4.75mmsieve 3.Coarse Aggregate: The fractions from 20mm to 4.75mm are used as coarse aggregate. The Coarse Aggregates from crushed Basalt rock, conforming to IS: 383 is being used. In this experiment also locally available aggregate is used and the specific gravity of coarse aggregate is to be obtained by using IS 2386 part31963 code. The specific gravity of coarse aggregate is The coarse aggregate is which passes through the 20mm sieve. 47

3 4.Water: Generally, water that is suitable for drinking is satisfactory for use in concrete. Water from lakes and streams that contain marine life also usually is suitable. When water is obtained from sources mentioned above, no sampling is necessary. When it is suspected that water may contain sewage, mine water or wastes from industrial plants or canneries, it should not be used in concrete unless tests indicate that it is satisfactory. Water from such sources should be avoided since the quality of the water could change due to low water or by intermittent tap water is used for casting. The potable water is generally considered satisfactory for mixing and curing of concrete. Accordingly potable water was used for making concrete available in Material Testing laboratory. This was free from any detrimental contaminants and was good potable water. 5. Wood ash: Wood waste ash is generated as a by-product of combustion in wood-fired power plants, paper mills, and other wood burning factories. In the present research the wood waste ash used, is retained from 300 microns. The chemical composition of the ash was determined the elements such as Total Potassium, Phosphorous, Nitrogen, Magnesium, Calcium and Silicon were determined. The specific gravity of wood ash is Wood Powder: The wood powder or saw dust is a light weight material compared to fine aggregate which makes the structure light in weight, less costly and eco - friendly electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT- IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and humidity sensing properties. 2.0 SCOPE: The conventional concrete has several drawbacks like very low tensile strength, lack of durability, etc. These drawbacks may be overcome by introducing admixtures. The scope of the project is to study the strength and behaviour of concrete by the way of including admixtures in the concrete at the different level of replacement of cement. 3.0 OBJECTIVE: To make the concrete available at cheaper cost by reducing the cement and fine aggregate content To make use of waste material effectively. To evaluate and compare the results of compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of M25 grade by replacing wood powder and wood ash with concrete. To compare the conventional concrete with partially replaced concrete (W.P & W.A) To cast the concrete specimens like cubes, cylinders and prism etc. and to study the mechanical properties of concrete. To compare the conventional concrete with partially replaced concrete (W.P & W.A) 48

4 4.0 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 4.1 GENERAL: Concrete is an artificial material, which is made up of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. In this project, an attempt has been made to replace the part of cement by wood ash and fine aggregate by wood powder to improve some of the properties of concrete. 4.2COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CUBES: The compressive strength of concrete cube was found for the conventional concrete and partially replaced concrete with 5% of Wood Ash on cement and 5%,10% and 15% of Wood powder on fine aggregate. Table 1 shows the compressive strength of cubes with and without replacement. Table 1 Compressive Strength of Cylinder NO MIX

5 1 M % WA & 5%WP % WA & 10%WP % WA & 15%WP SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF CYLINDER: The split tensile strength of concrete cylinder was found for the conventional concrete and partially replaced concrete. Table 2 shows the split tensile strength of cylinder specimen of conventional concrete and partially replaced concrete with 5% of Wood Ash on cement and 5%,10% and 15% of Wood powder on fine aggregate. Table 2 Split Tensile Strength of Cylinder NO MIX M % WA &

6 5%WP 3 5% WA & 10%WP 4 5% WA & 15%WP FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF PRISM: The flexural strength of concrete cylinder was found for the conventional concrete and partially replaced concrete. Table 3 shows the flexural strength of cylinder specimen of conventional concrete and partially replaced concrete with 5% of Wood Ash on cement and 5%,10% and 15% of Wood powder on fine aggregate. Table 3 Flexural Strength of Prism NO MIX M % WA & %WP 3 5% WA & %WP 4 5% WA & 15%WP

7 4. Conclusions Replacement up to 10% is beneficial in concrete. Usage of wood powder in concrete reduces its weight Water absorption capacity increases with increases in wood ash and wood powder content. Waste material can be effectively utilize in concrete. References [1] Paki Turgut (2006) Cement composites with limestone dust and different grades of wood saw dust vol. 42, issue 11 52