Water Supply Code of Australia

Transcription

1 TM WATER SERVICES ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA Water Supply Code of Australia Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition Version 2.0 City West Water WSA

2 Water Supply Code of Australia WSA Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition (Including City West Water, South East Water & Yarra Valley Water) Version 2.0 Previous edition WSA 03: MRWA EDITION VERSION 2.0 APRIL 2012

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4 CONTENTS PREFACE 6 INTRODUCTION 9 PART 0: GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS I Glossary of Terms 12 II Abbreviations 29 III Referenced Documents 33 PART 1: PLANNING AND DESIGN Contents 38 1 General 51 2 System Planning 58 3 Hydraulic Design 79 4 Products and Materials 89 5 General Design System Pressure Management Structural Design Appurtenances Design Review and Drawings 194 PART 2: CONSTRUCTION Contents General General Construction Products and Materials Excavation Bedding for Pipes Pipe Laying, Jointing and Connecting Pipe Embedment and Support Fill Swabbing Acceptance Testing Disinfection Tolerances on As-Constructed Work Connections to Existing Water Mains Restoration Work As Constructed Details 272 MRWA EDITION VERSION 2.0 APRIL 2012

5 Water Supply Code of Australia WSA Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition (Including City West Water, South East Water & Yarra Valley Water) Version 2.0 Part 1: Planning and Design

6 CONTENTS 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 1.2 PLANNING AND DESIGN Objectives Scope and requirements Concept plan format Critical infrastructure protection Asset categorisation All hazards Infrastructure protection Detailed design Designer s needs and responsibilities Requirements to be addressed Design outputs Design life Instrumentation and control systems 1.3 CONSULTATION WITH OTHER PARTIES 2 SYSTEM PLANNING 2.1 GENERAL 2.2 SYSTEM PLANNING PROCESS General Extending / upgrading an existing water supply system Providing a new water supply Non-drinking water as drinking water substitution 2.3 DEMANDS General Dual water supply systems General Rainwater tanks Demand assessment General Residential Non-residential Peak demands General Peak day demand Peak hour demand 2.4 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 2.5 SYSTEM HYDRAULICS General Network analysis Operating pressures Service pressure Maximum allowable service pressure Minimum service pressure Average service pressure Pressure variation analysis Determining supply zones General Use of minimum allowable or desirable minimum service pressures

7 Use of desirable minimum static pressure 2.6 WATER QUALITY General Prevention of back siphonage Water age Disinfection 2.7 SEPARATION OF DRINKING AND NON-DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS Permanent cross links and cross connections Temporary cross links 2.8 PUMPING STATIONS General Design factors System related factors Site related factors Service related factors Concept design 2.9 SERVICE RESERVOIRS Storage capacity Location 2.10 TRENCHLESS TECHNIQUES FOR PIPELAYING 2.11 FUTURE SYSTEM EXPANSION 2.12 SYSTEM REVIEW 3 HYDRAULIC DESIGN 3.1 SIZING General Minimum pipe sizes Empirical sizing of reticulation mains Dual water supply systems Fire flows (fire fighting hydrants and fire services) Sizing by analysis General Head losses Hydraulic roughness values Flow velocities 3.2 DESIGN PRESSURES General Gravity systems Pumped systems 3.3 PRESSURE CLASS OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS Pumped systems 3.4 THRUST AND ANCHOR BLOCK DESIGN 3.5 SYSTEM TEST PRESSURE 3.6 DESIGN FOR DYNAMIC STRESSES General Surge Fatigue Fatigue de-rating of plastics pipes and fittings 3.7 TEMPERATURE DE-RATING OF PLASTICS PIPES AND FITTINGS 3.8 PIPELINE COMPONENTS MINIMUM PRESSURE CLASS

8 4 PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 4.1 GENERAL 4.2 DIFFERENTIATION OF DRINKING AND NON-DRINKING PIPE SYSTEMS Principles Water supply mains drinking water Water supply mains non-drinking water Property services drinking water Property services non-drinking water Marking tapes 4.3 DUCTILE IRON PIPELINE SYSTEMS Product Specifications Sizes and configurations Seal coating of lining Sleeving Screw-on flanges for DI pipes Flanged joints 4.4 PVC PIPELINE SYSTEMS 4.5 PE PIPELINE SYSTEMS 4.6 STEEL PIPELINE SYSTEMS Product Specifications Sizes and configurations Joints Field welding Flanged joints 4.7 GRP PIPELINE SYSTEMS 4.8 PROTECTION AGAINST DEGRADATION Application Protection against aggressive environments Protection against damage to coatings Stainless steels Grade selection Welding Threaded components Cathodic protection Protection against contaminated ground Bolted connections 5 GENERAL DESIGN 5.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Design tolerances Levels Water main renewals electrical safety and earthing to water services Environmental considerations General Urban salinity 5.2 RETICULATION DESIGN FOR WATER QUALITY Layout of water mains Looped mains Link mains Reduced size mains 5.3 WATER MAIN ACCESS

9 5.4 LOCATION OF WATER MAINS General Water mains in road reserves General Location in footway Location in carriageway Location in roundabouts and bus bays Location in other than dedicated public road reserves Water mains in easements Dual water supply systems Effect on vegetation Water mains near trees Contaminated sites Crossings General Requirements for encased pipe installations Railway reserves Crossings of creeks or drainage reserves Overhead power lines and transmission towers Water mains in conjunction with landscaping and/or other development Water mains on curved alignments Location markers Marking tape and tracer wire General Mains Property services 5.5 TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY 5.6 SHARED TRENCHING 5.7 DUPLICATE MAINS 5.8 RIDER MAINS 5.9 CONNECTION OF NEW OFF-TAKES TO EXISTING MAINS 5.10 TERMINATION POINTS Permanent ends of water mains Temporary ends of water mains Chlorination Flushing points 5.11 PROPERTY SERVICES General Connections to water mains Services, outlets and meters 5.12 OBSTRUCTIONS AND CLEARANCES General Surface obstructions Clearance from transmission towers Clearance from structures and property boundaries Underground obstructions and services General Clearance requirements Deviation of water mains General Horizontal deviation of water mains Vertical deviation of water mains Curving of pipes to avoid obstructions 5.13 DISUSED OR REDUNDANT PIPELINES

10 6 SYSTEM PRESSURE MANAGEMENT 6.1 GENERAL 6.2 IN-LINE PRESSURE BOOSTER PUMPING STATIONS Planning criteria Concept design General Life cycle considerations Functionality Due diligence requirements Reliability Maintainability Materials design Location Site selection Noise control Services Access Landscaping Security Signage Supporting systems Health and safety Commissioning plan General Pre-commissioning Commissioning System planning and modelling Modelling Minimum pressure affecting the area Number of affected properties within the low pressure zone Booster design General Connection to the network Maximum flow and pressure requirements Design for minimum pressure boost conditions Design for minimum flow conditions Booster configuration design Booster set and pump selection Booster pipework and manifold design Booster equipment and devices Site specific requirements Booster pipework General design parameters Manifolds, off-takes, suction and delivery pipework Pressure gauges and tappings Pressure accumulator tank Power system and supply General Security of supply Primary supply Duplicate supply Emergency power On-site generator Mobile generator Power factor correction Lighting

11 6.2.9 Control and telemetry system General Instrumentation System requirements Fire flow operation Alarms and controls General Control switches manual and emergency operation Telemetry General Software Communications 6.3 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE INSTALLATIONS Planning criteria Design requirements 6.4 PRESSURE SUSTAINING VALVE INSTALLATIONS Planning criteria Design requirements 7 STRUCTURAL DESIGN 7.1 GENERAL 7.2 STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS 7.3 INTERNAL FORCES 7.4 EXTERNAL FORCES General Pipe cover Embedment zone dimensions Pipe embedment Buoyancy 7.5 GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS General Water mains in engineered or controlled fill Water mains in non-engineered fill Construction of an embankment MRWA Unforeseen ground conditions 7.6 CONCRETE ENCASEMENT General Requirements Encased steel pipelines General Existing steel pipelines 7.7 WATER MAINS IN UNSTABLE GROUND General Mine subsidence areas Slip areas 7.8 ABOVE-GROUND WATER MAINS 7.9 PIPELINE ANCHORAGE General Thrust blocks General Concrete thrust blocks Use of puddle flanges to transfer thrust Timber and recycled plastics thrust blocks

12 Thrust and anchor blocks for dual water supply systems Restrained elastomeric seal joint water mains Restraint requirements for special situations Above-ground mains with unrestrained flexible joints Buried steel mains with welded joints Above-ground steel mains with welded joints Ductile iron and steel mains with flanged joints PE mains 7.10 BULKHEADS AND TRENCHSTOPS 7.11 NOT USED 8 APPURTENANCES 8.1 VALVES GENERAL Valving design Valving principles Selection considerations STOP VALVES Product Specifications Installation design and selection criteria General Gate valves Butterfly valves Stop valves for transfer/distribution mains (>DN 300) MRWA Bypass of stop valve Stop valves for reticulation mains ( DN 300) MRWA Stop valves spacing Stop valves location and arrangements General Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement Stop valve special arrangements Rider mains and network configurations Crossing mains interconnection MRWA Stop valves for pumping stations MRWA Pump station stop valve location and arrangements 8.3 CONTROL VALVES Product Specifications Automatic inlet control valves (AICV) Pressure reducing valves (PRV) Pressure relief valves (PRelV) Pump control valves Pressure sustaining valves (PSV) 8.4 AIR VALVES (AV) Product Specifications

13 8.4.2 Installation design criteria Air valves type Air valves size Air valves location Use of hydrants as an alternative to air valves Water sampling via air valves 8.5 NON-RETURN VALVES Product Specifications Installation design criteria Non-return valves for pumping stations 8.6 SCOURS AND PUMP-OUT BRANCHES Location and arrangements Design Scour application Scour size Scour location 8.7 SWABBING POINTS 8.8 HYDRANTS Product Specifications Purposes Hydrant operation principles Hydrant types Hydrant outlet connections Hydrant size Hydrant spacing Hydrant location Hydrants at ends of mains 8.9 DISINFECTION FACILITIES General Reticulation mains Transfer and distribution mains Discharge 8.10 SURFACE FITTINGS AND MARKINGS Product Specifications General Marking of surface fittings APPURTENANCE LOCATION MARKING General Marker posts and plates Pavement markers Kerb markings

14 9 DESIGN REVIEW AND DRAWINGS 9.1 DESIGN REVIEW 9.2 DESIGN DRAWINGS General Composition of Design Drawings Scale Contents of Design Drawings Pipeline system acronyms Water mains MRWA Design amendments 9.3 SPECIFICATIONS 9.4 RECORDING OF WORK AS CONSTRUCTED INFORMATION TABLES Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Table 2.3 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 3.3 Table 3.4 Table MRWA 3.5 Table MRWA 3.6 Table 4.1 Table 5.1 Table 5.2 Table 5.3 Table 5.4 Table 5.5 Table 6.1 Table 7.1 Table 7.2 Table 7.3 Table 7.4 Table 7.5 Asset Categories Typical Asset Design Lives Guide to Demand Allocation Within Dual Water Systems Typical Peak Hour Demand Work Sheet for Dual Water Supply Systems Service Pressure Limits for Drinking Water Single Supply Minimum Pipe Sizes for Particular Developments Empirical Guide for Pipe Sizing in Drinking Water Only Systems Methods for Design of Plastics Pipes and Fittings for Dynamic Stresses Temperature De-Rating Factors for Plastics Pipes Operating at Elevated Temperatures Minimum Peak Day Velocities PN Classes and Pressure Limits Colour Differentiation of Drinking Water and Non-Drinking Water Components in Dual Water Reticulation Systems Design Requirements for Reduced Sized Drinking Water Mains in Court Bowls, Cul-de-Sacs and Dead-Ends Default Easement Guidelines Water Main Clearances Flow Velocities PVC Pipe Material Characteristics

15 Table 8.1 Table 8.2 Table 8.3 Table 8.4 Table MRWA 8.5 Table MRWA 8.6 FIGURES Figure 1.1 Figure 2.1(a) Figure 2.1(b) Figure 2.1(c) Figure 2.2 Figure MRWA 3.1 Figure MRWA 3.2 Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 4.4 Figure 4.5 Figure 5.1 Figure 5.2 Figure 5.3 Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Figure 5.7 Figure 5.8 Figure 5.9 Figure 5.10 Figure 5.11 Figure 5.12 Figure 5.13 Figure 5.14 Stop Valve Spacing Criteria Maximum Water Main Drainage Times Minimum Scour Size Valve Type Water Agency Preferences MRWA Fire Hydrant Spacing Requirements Typical Water Supply System Single Transfer/Distribution Main, Minor Network and Dead-End Branch Mains Single Transfer/Distribution Main, Network With Multiple Distribution Mains and Branch Mains With Reduced Diameter Dead-Ends Twin Transfer/Distribution Mains, Network With Multiple Distribution Mains, Looped Mains and Link Mains to Minimise Dead-Ends, Some Reduced Diameter Dead-End Mains and Staging of Provision of Mains Typical Water Supply Pumping Station Arrangements Gravity Pressure Drawing Pump Pressure Drawing Flange Fastener Tightening Sequence Looped and Link Mains Design Requirements for Reduced Sized Mains in Court Bowls, Culde-Sacs and Dead-Ends Horizontal Deviation by Deflection at Pipe Joints Plan View Horizontal Deflection Using a DI SOC-SOC Connector and Permitted Joint Deflections for DI Pipes and Other Applicable Pipe Types Plan View Horizontal Deflection Using DI Bends with DI and Other Permitted Pipe Types Plan View

16 Figure 5.15 Figure 5.16 Figure 5.17 Figure 5.18 Figure 5.19 Figure 6.1 Figure 6.2 Figure 7.1 Figure 7.2 Figure 7.3 Figure 7.4 Figure 7.5 Figure 7.6 Figure 7.7 Figure 7.8 Figure 7.9 Figure 7.10 Figure 7.11 Figure 7.12 Figure 7.13 Figure 7.14 Figure 7.15 Figure 7.16 Figure 7.17 Figure 7.18 Figure 7.19 Figure 7.20 Figure 7.21 Figure 7.22 Figure 7.23 Figure 7.24 Figure 7.25 Figure 7.26 Figure 8.1 Figure 8.2 Figure 8.3 Figure 8.4 Figure 8.5 Figure 8.6 Vertical Deviation by Deflection at Pipe Joints Section View Vertical Deflections Using Fabricated Pipe and Flanges Section View Vertical Deflections Using Double Offset Fabricated Pipe and Flanges Section View Typical Pre-Commissioning and Commissioning Process Typical Handover to Water Agency Alternative End Treatment for Concrete Encased Steel Pipelines

17 Figure 8.7 Figure 8.8 Figure 8.9 Figure 8.10 Figure 8.11 Figure 8.12 Figure 8.13 Figure 8.14 Figure 8.15 Figure 8.16 Figure 8.17 Figure 8.18 Figure 8.19 Figure 8.20 Figure 8.21 Figure 8.22 Figure 8.23 Figure 8.24 Figure 8.25 Figure 8.26 Figure 8.27 Figure 8.28 Figure 8.29 Figure 8.30 Figure 8.31 Figure 8.32 Figure 8.33 Figure 8.34 Figure 8.35 Figure 8.36 Figure 8.37 Figure 8.38 Figure 8.39 Bypass Arrangement With L-Type Ball Hydrant Branch Valve Adjacent to Main Branch Valve Adjacent to Inner Splay Corner Valve and Hydrant Combinations Valve Adjacent to a Taper Valves in Main Cross-Links Valves in Conjunction With Control Valves Two Direction Supply Off-take Arrangement for Rider Mains Interconnection of DN 200 and DN 225 Crossing Mains Interconnection of Reticulation and Distribution Mains Interconnection of Distribution Mains Interconnection of a Continuing Reticulation Main and Larger Main Typical Pressure Reducing Valve Installation Sectional Elevation Alternative Above-Ground Installation PRV on Bypass Side Elevation PRV on Main Line With Bypass Plan View Typical Air Valve Orientation Spring Hydrant Typical Direct Connection

18 Water Supply Code of Australia WSA Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition (Including City West Water, South East Water & Yarra Valley Water) Version 2.0 Part 2: Construction Third Edition Version 3.1

19 10 GENERAL 10.1 SCOPE 10.2 INTERPRETATION CONTENTS 11 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION 11.1 GENERAL 11.2 ORDER OF CONSTRUCTION, TESTING AND COMMISSIONING 11.3 CONTRACT INTERFACES 11.4 CUSTOMER FOCUS General Resolution of complaints MRWA Legislative compliance 11.5 PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AND ENVIRONMENT Protection of other services Disused / Redundant water mains Road reserves or other thoroughfares Road opening permits Treatment of pavements and other surfaces Cleanliness of roads, paths, accesses and drainage paths Storage of products, materials and equipment Obstruction of street drainage Private and public properties Protection of the environment and heritage areas General Collection and disposal of wastes Protection of adjacent lands and vegetation Control of water pollution Contaminated soils Fire ant areas Control of noise and atmospheric pollution Equipment and machinery use in bush fire prone areas MRWA Work within high risk fire areas 11.6 OPERATION OF WATER SUPPLY NETWORK 11.7 ALTERATION OF EXISTING SERVICES 11.8 CONNECTION TO AND WORK ON EXISTING ASBESTOS WATER MAINS 11.9 UNDER PRESSURE CUT-IN CONNECTION EQUIPMENT SURVEY MARKS NOT USED LATENT CONDITIONS 12 PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 12.1 AUTHORISED PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS General 12.2 DELIVERY INSPECTION OF PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 12.3 TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND STORAGE OF PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS General Transportation Unloading and handling On-site storage MRWA Coiled PE pipe 12.4 REJECTED PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 12.5 CONCRETE WORKS 12.6 SUPPLY OF WATER TO THE WORKS 12.7 SUPPLY OF WATER TO EXISTING PROPERTIES 12.8 UNDER PRESSURE CUT-IN CONNECTION TO PRESSURE PIPES DN 80

20 Flanged off-takes Valves Flange holes Gaskets Bolting system General Carbon or alloy steel bolt assemblies Stainless steel bolt assemblies Insulation sleeves Plastics inserts for metallic pipes 13 EXCAVATION 13.1 PRECAUTIONS 13.2 LIMITS OF CLEARING AND EXCAVATION 13.3 PROTECTION OF TREES General precautions Protection of roots 13.4 BLASTING 13.5 SUPPORT OF EXCAVATIONS 13.6 DRAINAGE AND DEWATERING 13.7 UNDER PRESSURE CUT-IN CONNECTION TO PRESSURE PIPES DN Excavation requirements Extent of excavation 13.8 EXCAVATION ACROSS IMPROVED SURFACES 13.9 TRENCH EXCAVATION General Construction of embankment Clearances for on-site works REFILL OF EXCESSIVE EXCAVATION FOUNDATIONS AND FOUNDATION STABILISATION SURPLUS EXCAVATED MATERIAL TRENCHLESS EXCAVATION 14 BEDDING FOR PIPES 14.1 TRENCH FLOOR PREPARATION 14.2 BEDDING AND PIPE SUPPORT 14.3 SPECIAL PIPE SUPPORT FOR NON-SUPPORTIVE SOILS 15 PIPE LAYING, JOINTING AND CONNECTING 15.1 INSTALLATION OF PIPES General Dual water supply areas Cleaning, inspection and joint preparation Laying Mains renewals 15.2 HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DEFLECTIONS OF PIPES General Deflection at a pipe joint Curving of PE pipe 15.3 HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SEPARATION OF CROSSING PIPELINES 15.4 VALVES, HYDRANTS AND OTHER APPURTENANCES 15.5 UNDER PRESSURE CUT-IN CONNECTION TO PRESSURE PIPES DN Inspection of host pipe Inspection of valve to be installed Disinfection of fittings and equipment Installation of flanged off-take clamp (non steel mains) MRWA Installation of flanges to steel mains Installation of the valve

21 Equipment operation and cut-in operation Recording and reporting 15.6 FLOTATION CONTROL 15.7 THRUST, ANCHOR BLOCKS AND RESTRAINED JOINTS 15.8 TAPPING OF MAINS, PROPERTY SERVICES AND WATER METERS 15.9 TRENCH STOPS BULKHEADS CORROSION PROTECTION OF DUCTILE IRON MARKING TAPES Detectable marking tape Tracer wire MRWA Property services VALVES, HYDRANTS AND SURFACE BOXES AND FITTINGS Installation Valve chambers for large diameter mains SCOURS BORED PIPES UNDER ROADS, DRIVEWAYS AND ELSEWHERE MRWA Grouting of the annulus AQUEDUCTS BRIDGE CROSSINGS APPURTENANCE LOCATION MARKING FLANGED JOINTS WELDING OF STEEL PIPELINES General MRWA Steel pipeline welder qualification MRWA Weld quality assurance and testing Field welding of flanges Reinstatement of cement mortar lining Reinstatement using a tape system Surface preparation Priming surfaces Mastic filler Tape application MRWA Overwrap application Reinstatement of external corrosion protection at joints using a heat-shrinkable sleeve system Surface preparation Preheat pipe Priming of surfaces Mastic filler Heat-shrinkable sleeve preparation Heat-shrinkable sleeve application MRWA Coating testing MRWA Ultra High Build Epoxy Repairs MRWA Corrosion protection MRWA Cathodic protection MRWA Fabricated steel fittings WELDING OF PE PIPELINES MRWA General MRWA Butt welding MRWA Electrofusion welding MRWA Extrusion welding 16 PIPE EMBEDMENT AND SUPPORT 16.1 GENERAL 16.2 EMBEDMENT MATERIALS 16.3 COMPACTION OF EMBEDMENT

22 Methods 16.4 SPECIAL BEDDING AND EMBEDMENTS / GEOTEXTILE SURROUND AND PILLOW 16.5 REMOVAL OF TRENCH SUPPORTS 16.6 CONCRETE EMBEDMENT AND ENCASEMENT 17 FILL 17.1 TRENCH FILL (BACKFILL) Material requirements Trafficable Areas Non-Trafficable Areas Placement Compaction of trench fill 17.2 EMBANKMENT FILL 17.3 TRENCHLESS EXCAVATION FILL 18 SWABBING 18.1 GENERAL 18.2 SWABS 18.3 SWABBING AND FLUSHING PROCEDURE 19 ACCEPTANCE TESTING 19.1 GENERAL 19.2 VISUAL INSPECTION 19.3 COMPACTION TESTING General Compaction testing requirements General Retesting 19.4 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TESTING General MRWA PE pipeline testing MRWA Test equipment Mains Property services Under pressure cut-in connections 19.5 BLOCK TESTING DUAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR CONNECTIVITY 19.6 INSULATED JOINT RESISTANCE TEST 19.7 WATER QUALITY TESTING General Test procedure Satisfactory water quality test Failure of test 20 DISINFECTION 20.1 APPLICATION 20.2 FLUSHING OF DISINFECTION WATER 21 TOLERANCES ON AS-CONSTRUCTED WORK 21.1 GENERAL 21.2 HORIZONTAL TOLERANCES Water mains and in-line structures Property services and meters 21.3 VERTICAL TOLERANCES Water mains, property connections and structures Verticality ( plumb ) 21.4 TOLERANCES ON FINISHED SURFACE STRUCTURES AND FITTINGS

23 21.5 CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND SLABS 22 CONNECTIONS TO EXISTING WATER MAINS 22.1 GENERAL 22.2 UNDER PRESSURE CONNECTIONS 22.3 INSERTED TEE CONNECTIONS Shutdown of existing water mains Making the connection to existing water main Re-charging the shutdown water main 22.4 NOT USED 22.5 RECONNECTION OF PROPERTIES SUPPLIED BY TEMPORARY PRIVATE SERVICES 23 RESTORATION 23.1 GENERAL 23.2 PAVEMENTS 23.3 LAWNS 23.4 GRASSED AREAS 23.5 BUSHLAND 23.6 PROVISION FOR AND RECTIFICATION OF SETTLEMENT 23.7 MAINTENANCE OF RESTORED SURFACES 24 WORK AS CONSTRUCTED DETAILS TABLES Table 18.1 Table 19.1 Table MRWA 19.2 Minimum Compaction of Embedment, Trench Fill and Embankments Hydrostatic Pressure Testing FIGURES Figure 13.1 Figure 15.1 Figure 15.2 Figure 15.3 Figure 15.4