Contents. Non-Technical Summary. 1. Introduction. 2. Policy, Regulatory and Administrative Framework. 3. Impact Assessment Methodology

Transcription

1 Contents Non-Technical Summary Units and Abbreviations 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction Overview of 3D Seismic Survey Other BP Exploration and Production Activities in the SWAP Contract Area Vicinity Scope of the 3D Seismic Survey ESIA ESIA Team and Structure Policy, Regulatory and Administrative Framework 2.1 Introduction Regulatory Agencies The Constitution Production Sharing Agreement International and Regional Environmental Conventions National Environmental Legislation National EIA Guidance Regional Processes European Union Environment for Europe International Petroleum Industry Standards and Practices Impact Assessment Methodology 3.1 Introduction ESIA Process Screening and Scoping Impact Significance Assessment Environmental Impacts Socio- Economic Impacts Environmental and Socio-Economic Impact Significance Accidental, Transboundary and Cumulative Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Project Description 4.1 Introduction Project Overview Overview of Seismic Survey Methods Introduction Independent Simultaneous Sources (ISS) Methodology D SWAP Survey Activities Survey Equipment Offshore Onshore Logistics and Support Activities Support Facilities Workforce Accommodation Provision of Supplies Re-fuelling

2 4.6.6 Transport Coordination Summary of Emissions, Discharges and Waste Emissions to Atmosphere Discharges to Sea Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste Operational and Design Controls Operational Controls Communications Soft Start Procedure Environmental Description 5.1 Introduction Data Sources Physical Setting Geology and Seismicity Meteorology and Climate Terrestrial Environment Setting Ground Conditions, Soils and Contamination Groundwater and Surface Water Air Quality Terrestrial Noise Terrestrial Ecology Protected Areas and Sites of Ornithological Importance Marine Environment Bathymetry and Oceanography Marine Environment Survey Data Seabed Physical and Chemical Environment Seabed Biological Environment Water Column Physical and Chemical Environment Water Column Biological Environment Cultural Heritage Terrestrial Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Marine Cultural Heritage Socio-Economic Description 6.1 Introduction Data Sources National Context Economy Poverty Population, Demographic Structure and Ethnicity Public Infrastructure and Utilities Regional Context Land Ownership and Use Land Ownership Land Use Commercial Fishing Fisheries Regulation Overview of Commercial Fishing Relevant to the 3D Seismic Survey Area Offshore Commercial Fishing Small Scale Coastal Fishing Economic Value of Fishing Seasonality and Alternative Activities Fisheries Organisation Fishing Trends Tourism and Recreation Tourism and Recreational Business

3 6.7.2 Recreation, Water Sports and Diving Shipping, Ports and Existing Offshore Infrastructure Vulnerable Groups Consultation and Disclosure 7.1 Introduction Overview of Consultation and Disclosure Process Previous ESIA and Ongoing Related Stakeholder Consultation Scoping Consultation and Disclosure Initial SWAP Desktop Consultation MENR Scoping Consultation ESIA Consultation Socio-Economic Survey Cultural Heritage Walkover Survey Project Information Leaflets Draft Final ESIA Report Public Consultation and Disclosure Post-ESIA Project Consultation Consultation Under the Espoo Convention Environmental Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Management 8.1 Introduction Scoping Impacts to the Marine Environment (Water Column) Due to Seismic Operations Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Impacts to the Terrestrial Environment (Birds and Protected Areas) Due to Offshore Survey Activities Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Impacts to the Terrestrial Environment (In Air Sound) Due to Onshore Survey Activities Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Impacts to the Terrestrial Environment (Groundborne Vibration) Due to Onshore Survey Activities Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Impacts to the Terrestrial Environment (Ecology) Due to Onshore Survey Activities Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Impacts to the Cultural Heritage Due to Onshore Survey Activities Mitigation Event Magnitude Receptor Sensitivity Impact Significance Summary of Residual Environmental Impacts Additional Recommendations

4 9. Socio-Economic Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Management 9.1 Introduction Scoping Socio Economic Impacts Onshore Impacts Associated with Physical Presence of Seismic Vehicles and Support Vehicles, Equipment and Crew Offshore Impacts Associated with Physical Presence of Seismic Vessels, Support Vessels and Equipment Offshore Impacts Associated with Operation of Offshore Energy Source Summary of Residual Socio-Economic Impacts Cumulative, Transboundary and Accidental Events 10.1 Introduction Cumulative Impacts Cumulative Impact Between Separate Project Impacts Cumulative Impacts with Other Projects Transboundary Impacts Greenhouse Gas Atmospheric Emissions Accidental Events Offshore Onshore Environmental and Socio-Economic Management 11.1 Introduction Overview of AGT Region Operating Management System SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Roles and Responsibilities BP SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Environmental and Social Management System BP SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan Monitoring, Inspections, Reporting, Audits and Corrective Actions Briefings, Planning and Training Marine Mammal Observation Training Waste Management Waste Management Processes and Procedures Waste Segregation and Transfer Summary of SWAP 3D Seismic Survey ESIA Design Controls, Mitigation Measures, Monitoring and Reporting Requirements Residual Impacts and Conclusion 12.1 Introduction Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts Cumulative, Transboundary and Accidental Events Environmental and Socio-Economic Management Conclusions

5 List of Figures Figure 1.1: Location of the SWAP, ACG, Bahar Gum Deniz & SD Contract Areas, the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area and Previous Seismic Survey Lines within the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure 2.1: Azerbaijan Legal Hierarchy Figure 3.1: The ESIA Process Figure 4.1: 3D Seismic Survey Area (Consists of 5 Priority Areas) and Location of Main Base Camp and Sub-Bases Figure 4.2: Offshore Water Depth Zones Figure 4.3: Illustration Showing Onshore Seismic Reflection Method Figure 4.4: Indicative Seismic Line Grid for Onshore and Offshore Data Acquisition Figure 4.5: Photographs Showing Proposed Vessels to be Used for the 3D SWAP Seismic Survey Figure 4.6: Schematic Representation of a Typical Airgun (left) and Airgun Cross Section (right) Figure 4.7: Photograph of Seabed Node Model Geospace OBX Figure 4.8: Illustration of an Ocean Bottom Seismic Survey using Autonomous Nodes Figure 4.9: Photograph Showing INOVA Vibroseis Truck: AHV-IV Figure 4.10: Photograph Showing Small Scale UNIVIB Figure 4.11: Photograph Showing OnSeis Unit (left) and Size Comparison With a Vibroseis Truck (right) Figure 4.12: Photograph Showing Example of Onshore Node Fairfield ZLand Figure 4.13 Photographs Showing Jetties and Berthing Areas at Proposed Sub-Bases Figure 5.1: SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area in the Context of the Absheron Region Figure 5.2: Seismic Characteristics in the Vicinity of the 3D Seismic Survey Area, including the Locations of Mud Volcanoes and Earthquake Centres 20,, Figure 5.3: Setting and Geographic Features within Priority Area Figure 5.4: Setting and Geographic Features within Priority Areas 2 and Figure 5.5: Photos Showing Hydrocarbon Contamination Observed within Priority Area 3 During 2015 Walkover Survey Figure 5.6: Ground Water and Surface Water Features Within the Onshore 3D Seismic Survey Area 26,, Figure 5.7: Noise Monitoring Locations Figure 5.8: Summary of Bird Sensitivity Figure.5.9: Protected Areas and Important Ornithological Sites Located on the Southwest Caspian Coast and Bird Migration Routes Figure.5.10: Location of the Northern, Central and Southern Basins of the Caspian Sea Figure.5.11: Surface Currents Recorded in the SWAP 3D Survey Area in March, April, June, July, September, October and November Figure 5.12: Location of Sampling Stations Relevant to the 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure.5.13: Monthly Average Air Temperature, Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Surface Salinity Within the SWAP 3D Survey Area Figure.5.14: Migration Routes for Herring/Shad, Mullet, Sturgeon, Kilka and Beluga Figure 5.15: Spring and Autumn Migration of the Caspian Seal Figure 5.16: Approximate Locations of Observations of the Caspian Seal and Location of Sensitive Seal Areas During Migration in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure 5.17: Archaeological & Cultural Heritage Sites Identified Within Priority Area Figure 5.18: Archaeological & Cultural Heritage Sites Identified Within Priority Areas 2 and Figure 5.19: Known Marine Cultural Heritage Sites Figure 6.1 Location of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area and Priority Areas Figure 6.2 Land Use and Key Features Within Priority Area 1 3,, Figure 6.3 Typical Residential Housing Observed within Priority Area Figure 6.4 Examples of Bare Ground Observed within Priority Area Figure 6.5 Examples of Industrial Land Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.6 Examples of Recreational Facilities Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.7 Land Use and Key Features Within Priority Area 3 West 3,16, Figure 6.8 Land Use and Key Features Within Priority Area 3 East 3,16, Figure 6.9 Examples of Residential Structures Observed in Priority Area

6 Figure 6.10 Examples of Agricultural Land Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.11 Examples of Commercial and Industrial Use of Land Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.12 Examples of Recreational Areas Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.13 Land Use and Key Features within Priority Area 2 3,16, Figure 6.14 Examples of Sparsely Vegetated Areas and Unused Land Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.15 Licenced Fishing Areas 18 and Communities Where Licensed Fishermen Live Within and Adjacent to the 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure 6.16 Boat and Typical Fisherman s Shelter Observed in Priority Area Figure 6.17 Economic Value of Fishing Activities per Fishing Quotas and Species for ,, 6-32 Figure 6.18 Recreational Areas and Known Diving Sites Within and Adjacent to the 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure 6.19 Shipping Routes, Ports and Obstructions in the Vicinity of the 3D SWAP Seismic Survey Area Figure 7.1: ESIA Consultation and Disclosure Process Figure 8.1: Relative Locations and Paths of Receptor and Source Array During Single Vessel Modelling Figure 8.2: Relative Location and Path Of Source Array And Receptor During Multiple Vessel Deployments Figure 10.1: Location of Other Existing /Proposed Project in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Figure 10.2: Estimated SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Total GHG Emissions Compared to Reported 2014 BP Azerbaijan Annual GHG Emissions Figure 10.3: Weathering Processes Acting on Spilled Oil Figure 10.4: Vessel Marine Diesel Spill Modelling Release Locations Figure 10.5: Surface Oiling Probability With Diesel Thickness Over 0.04 μm (minimum visible sheen as per BAOAC), Priority Area Figure 10.6: Shoreline Diesel Oiling Probability Where Shoreline Diesel Mass Exceeds tonnes/km, Priority Area Figure 10.7: Surface Oiling Probability With Diesel Thickness Over 0.04 μm (minimum visible sheen as per BAOAC), Priority Area Figure 10.8: Shoreline Diesel Oiling Probability Where Shoreline Diesel Mass Exceeds tonnes/km, Priority Area Figure 10.9: Surface Oiling Probability With Diesel Thickness Over 0.04 μm (minimum visible sheen as per BAOAC), Priority Area Figure 10.10: Shoreline Diesel Oiling Probability Where Shoreline Diesel Mass Exceeds tonnes/km, Priority Area Figure 10.11: Surface Oiling Probability With Diesel Thickness Over 0.04 μm (minimum visible sheen as per BAOAC), Priority Area Figure 10.12: Shoreline Diesel Oiling Probability Where Shoreline Diesel Mass Exceeds tonnes/km, Priority Area Figure 10.13: Fate of Diesel (%) for the Worst Case Shoreline Oiling Scenario, Priority Area Figure 11.1: AGT Region Operating Management System Framework List of Tables Table 1.1: SWAP 3D Seismic Survey ESIA Team Table 1.2: Structure and Content of 3D Seismic Survey ESIA Table 2.1: Summary of International Conventions Table 2.2: Summary of Regional Conventions Table 2.3: Key National Environmental and Social Laws Table 2.4: Summary of Guidance on the EIA Process in Azerbaijan Table 3.1: Event Magnitude Rankings Table 3.2: Receptor Sensitivity Rankings Table 3.3: Event Magnitude Rankings Table 3.4: Receptor Sensitivity Ranking Table 3.5: Impact Significance Table 4.1: Provisional 3D Seismic Survey Schedule Table 4.2: Overview of Onshore and Offshore Seismic Survey Techniques

7 Table 4.3: Source, Node and Support Vessel Specifications Table 4.4: Energy Source Specifications Table 4.5: Seabed Node Specifications Table 4.6: Onshore Energy Source Specifications Table 4.7: Onshore Node Specifications Table 4.8: Estimated GHG and Non GHG Emissions Associated with the Onshore and Offshore 3D Seismic Survey Activities Table 4.9: Types of Waste Streams Produced During a Typical Seismic Survey Table 5.1: Summary of Noise Levels Recorded During November 2015 Noise Survey Table 5.2: Flora Species Recorded During the Ecological Survey Table 5.3: Reptile and Amphibian Species Identified or Potentially Present within the Ecological Survey Area Table 5.4: Mammal Species Potentially Present within the Ecological Survey Area Table 5.5: Overwintering Birds of Importance Recorded between 2002 and 2006 in Pirallahi and Shahdili Coastlines Table 5.6: Migrating Birds of Importance Recorded between 2002 and 2006 in Pirallahi and Shahdili Coastlines Table 5.7: Bird Species of Conservation Concern Observed on the Absheron to Gobustan Coastline Table 5.8: Azerbaijani Protected Areas and Sites of Ornithological Importance In the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.9: Type and Number of Monitoring Stations Relevant to the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.10: Physical Sediment Properties Recorded in Sediment Surveys within and in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.11: Minimum, Maximum and Mean Total Hydrocarbon Concentrations in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.12: Minimum, Maximum and Mean Heavy Metal Concentrations Recorded in Sediment Surveys within and in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.13: Number of Invertebrate Species (S) and Percentage (%) of Total Abundance Recorded in Benthic Surveys within and in the vicinity of the 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.14: Benthic Species Presence in Surveys Conducted within and in the Vicinity of the 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.15: Chemical Analysis & Nutrient Levels Recorded in Water Column Surveys Within and in Vicinity the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.16: Heavy Metal Concentrations Recorded in Water Column Surveys Within and in Vicinity the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.17: Microbiological Concentrations Recorded in Water Column Surveys within the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.18: Summary of Phytoplankton Community Composition in the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.19: Species of Phytoplankton Observed in within and in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.20: Species of Zooplankton Observed within and in the Vicinity of the SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 5.21: Summary of the Fish Species Expected to Present in the Southern Caspian Sea Table 5.22: Location of Caspian Seal Seasonal Sightings from Aerial Observations in the Period Spring 2010 to Spring Table 5.23: Summary of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Survey Sites and Findspots Identified within SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Area Table 6.1: Proportion of Small Enterprises by Economic Sector and Region (2013) Table 6.2 Fishing Regulatory Authorities and Their Functions Table 6.3 Summary of Commercial Fishing Licencing Data Table 6.4 Vulnerability Characteristics of Communities Located Within the 3D Survey Area Table 7.1: Institutions and Organisations Consulted During Desktop Consultation Table 8.1: Scoped Out SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Activities Table 8.2: Assessed SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Activities Table 8.3 Threshold Criteria for Fish and Seals Table 8.4: Underwater Sound Modelling Scenarios

8 Table 8.5: Summary of Potential Impact Ranges for Fish Species Exposed to Seismic Sound for Priority Area 2 and Priority Area Table 8.6: Maximum SPLS and SELs for Fish Exposed to Multiple Sources Table 8.7: Summary of Potential Impact Ranges for Caspian Seal Exposed to Seismic Sound for Priority Area Table 8.8: Summary of Potential Impact Ranges for Caspian Seal Exposed to Seismic Sound for Priority Area Table 8.9: Maximum SPLS and SELs for Caspian Seals Exposed to Multiple Sources Table 8.10: Event Magnitude (Fish) Table 8.11: Event Magnitude (Caspian Seals) Table 8.12: Receptor Sensitivity (Fish) Table 8.13: Receptor Sensitivity (Seals) Table 8.14: Impact Significance Table 8.15: Offshore Seismic Survey Activities Proposed Within or Adjacent to Protected Areas Table 8.16: Event Magnitude Table 8.17: Receptor Sensitivity (Overwintering and Migrating Birds) Table 8.18: Receptor Sensitivity (Nesting Birds) Table 8.19: Receptor Sensitivity (Absheron National Park) Table 8.20: Impact Significance Table 8.21: Event Magnitude Table 8.22: Receptor Sensitivity (Human Receptors) Table 8.23: Impact Significance Table 8.24: Event Magnitude Table 8.25: Receptor Sensitivity (Residential/Community Structures) Table 8.26: Receptor Sensitivity (Human Receptors) Table 8.27: Impact Significance Table 8.28: Event Magnitude Table 8.29: Receptor Sensitivity (Ecological Receptors - Flora) Table 8.30: Receptor Sensitivity (Ecological Receptors - Fauna) Table 8.31: Impact Significance Table 8.32: Event Magnitude (Groundborne Vibration) Table 8.33: Event Magnitude (Physical Disturbance) Table 8.34: Receptor Sensitivity (Cultural Heritage Receptors) Table 8.35: Impact Significance Table 8.36: Summary of SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Residual Environmental Impacts Table 9.1: Proportion of Land Use Type Intersected by Seismic Lines Table 9.2: Scoped Out SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Activities Table 9.3: Assessed SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Activities Table 9.4: Event Magnitude (Land Owners, Land Users and Associated Assets) Table 9.5: Event Magnitude (Land Based Coastal Recreational Users and Tourism Business Owners) Table 9.6: Receptor Sensitivity Table 9.7: Impact Significance Table 9.8: Event Magnitude (Shipping International, Regional and Local) Table 9.9: Event Magnitude (Small Scale Coastal Fishing) Table 9.10: Event Magnitude (Recreational Maritime Users) Table 9.11: Receptor Sensitivity Table 9.12: Impact Significance Table 9.13: Event Magnitude (Small-Scale Coastal Fishing) Table 9.14: Receptor Sensitivity Table 9.15: Impact Significance Table 9.16: Summary of 3D Seismic Survey Socio-Economic Impacts Table 10.1: Completed and Planned Seismic Surveys in the Azerbaijani Sector of the Caspian Sea Table 10.2: 3D Seismic Survey Diesel Inventory Loss Scenarios Input Data Table 10.3: Stochastic Simulation Output Summaries for Priority Areas 1, 2, 3 and Table 10.4: Shoreline and Surface Impacts during Worst Case (Deterministic) Shoreline Diesel Oiling Scenarios

9 Table 10.5: Vulnerability of Receptors (Marine and Coastal Flora and Fauna and Fisheries) to Hydrocarbon Spills,,, Table 10.6: Shoreline Oiling Probabilities for Designated Areas along the Azerbaijan Coastline Table 10.7: Oil Spill Response Tiers Table 11.1: Environmental and Social Management Plans Table 11.2: SWAP 3D Seismic Survey ESIA Design Controls, Mitigation Measures, Monitoring and Reporting Requirements Table 12.1: Summary of SWAP 2D Seismic Survey Environmental Impacts Table 12.2: Summary of SWAP 2D Seismic Survey Socio-Economic Impacts Appendices Appendix 5A Seal Report Appendix 5B Bird Report Appendix 5C Terrestrial Ecology Appendix 5D Cultural Heritage Appendix 8A Underwater Sound Assessment Appendix 10A SWAP 3D Seismic Survey Diesel Spill Modelling Assessment