Roofs at Structure. Roof project must be consist of top (plan), front, right and left side views as floor project.

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1 Roofs at Structure Structure member that s constructed at top of the building to eliminate the effect of rain, snow, wind, hot and cold weather. Roof project must be consist of top (plan), front, right and left side views as floor project. Given information on roof plans: Draw the extrusions on roof area (Gable wall, chimney, ventilation chimney, roof exiting covers, etc.) Draw the inclined, straight, lowered ridges and gutters Indicate the roof truss positions and spaces Create roof truss and draw roof members Draw rafters with specifying spaces Write material properties Give the required cross sections for indicate the roof system details Hatching, measurement with slope and lined meaurement are done Necessarily points for giving details are marked and enumarated Draw with 1/50 scale generally

2 Roof Plan, View and Surface Members Roofs are categorized within the number and shape of sloped surfaces. Limiting lines of roof surfeces are given below. 1. Dripstone or gutter 2. Inclined ridge (back) 3. Top ridge 4. Lowered ridge 5. Gutter ridge 6. Top 7. Chimney 8. Overhang 9. Sloped surface

3 Types of Roofs due to Shape of Surface Sundurma Pentroof View and perspective of pentroof

4 Types of Roofs due to Shape of Surface Gable Wall Gable Roof View and perspective of gable roof

5 Types of Roofs due to Shape of Surface Hipped Roof View and perspective of hipped roof

6 Types of Roofs due to Shape of Surface U Type combined gable roof One overhanged combined gable roof

7 Coordination of Roof Inclined surfaces and places of ridges are designated and merged according to plan of structure. Separate the roof plan with rectangular shapes and combine the angle bisectors at cross section points from rectangular shapes. Draw angle bisectors from edge of the structure (1) Intersects these bisectors and find the top points (2) Combine the both top point and draw top ridge (3) Coordination of rectangular shaped roof as hipped roof

8 Coordination of Roof Coordination of L shaped roof as hipped roof

9 Coordination and view of Roof overhang Front view a. Inclined ridge b. Top ridge c. Lowered ridge d. Gutter ridge Top view Left side view Coordination of roof as seperation of rectangular shapes

10 Samples of Miscellaneous Types of Roof Coordination L Type Gable Roof L Type Hipped Roof Pinned Gable Roof Pinned Hipped Roof

11 Roof Plan and Views Views of L Type Hipped Roof

12 Roof Plan and Views Views of U Type Hipped Roof

13 Roof Trusses The roof member system called as roof truss that gives loads from sloped surces of roof and transport these loads to the supports. Roof trusses are generate the main load bearing system and arranged by m spaces. Type of Roof Trusses 1. Due to using material Wooden roof trusses Steel roof trusses 2. Due to load bearing and transporting styles Set roof trusses Suspended roof trusses Roof trusses -both steel and wooden ones- are designed by set or suspended methods according to load bearing and transporting styles.

14 Roof Trusses Materials and Size of Wooden Seated Roof Trusses are given below: Reinforced Concrete Slab Post (8x8, 10x10, 12x12 cm) Rafter (5x10 cm ) Purlin (8x10, 10x12, 12x14 cm) Brace (5x10 cm) Strut (5x10 cm) Bearing plate (5x20 cm) Seated Roof Trusses are named according to number of generated posts. The relationship between space of roof and number of post is given below; 4 6 m length have one post, 6 8 m length have two post, 8 11 m length have three post, m length have four post, m length have five post as generated.

15 Roof Truss and Members Brace (2x5x10) Purlin (8x10) Rafter (5x10) Strut (5x10) Post Bearing plate (5x20) Dripstone Purlin (8x10) Reinforced Concrete Slab Roof truss and members of seated roof with one post

16 DETAILS Top Purlin Rafter Rafter Dripstone Purlin Bearing plate Brace Strut Post A & B Details of seated roof with one post

17 Details Wood Cover Roof Tile Cement Mortar Top Purlin Roof Tile Nail Wire Zinc Cover Rafter Post Brace(2x5x10) Strut Purlin Detail of Top Rafter

18 Members of Roof Bearing Trusses Top Purlin Rafter Rafter Middle Purlin Couple Brace Couple Brace Strut Strut Post Perspective Post Perspective

19 Members of Roof Bearing Trusses Middle Purlin Rafter Dripstone Purlin Post Bearing Plate Couple Brace Strut Roof truss and members of setaed roof with two post Rafter Middle Purlin Couple Brace Post Strut

20 Members of Roof Bearing Trusses Middle Brace Roof truss and members of setaed roof with three post